Vol 6, No 3 (2025)

the article discusses the issues of improving management strategies in educational institutions, increasing the effectiveness of the pedagogical process, and the interaction of innovations in pedagogical processes. The mechanisms of applying modern approaches to the organization and management of pedagogical processes are also highlighted and considered. To achieve the effectiveness and efficiency of pedagogical processes, it is necessary to introduce modified management approaches that take into account the specifics of the pedagogical system in order to achieve this goal in educational management. In the modern science of pedagogical management, in the context of the updated education system, there is a process of improvement, innovation and the search for new approaches to the organization and management of pedagogical processes. The formation of management activities in general secondary schools based on strategic goals is important for improving the efficiency and quality of the educational system. The article is devoted to optimizing school management through strategic goals, innovations in the educational process, personal development of students and teacher training. For schools, the directions of setting specific and achievable strategic goals, effective use of educational institution resources, and issues of achieving sustainable development are discussed. The article also explored methods of strategic management and methodologies for solving educational tasks, as well as mechanisms for monitoring their implementation.

today, globalization and digitalization have a significant impact on the transformation of all the spheres of the life of society, in connection with which education is the main factor in the successful development of the individual and society. The study of the educational services market using an integrated approach today is not just important, but a prerequisite for understanding current trends, identifying possible transformations and the formation of strategies that will contribute to the growth of the competitiveness of educational institutions. The aim of the study is to conduct an analysis of the educational services market. The authors have studied theoretical and practical aspects of the variety of factors that have a significant impact on the dynamics and development of the educational services market. The basis in identifying strategies for market participants and the state is an integrated approach to the analysis of the educational services market. The scientific novelty consists in studying the understanding of demographic, technological, economic, sociocultural and regulatory aspects, which allows us to identify the main trends and challenges that the modern educational services market faces. Marketing, elemental, process approaches, as well as a comprehensive assessment of the competitive position of educational institutions create the basis for making reasonable decisions both at the level of individual organizations and at the state level.

the article discusses the problems of teaching a foreign language within the framework of the professional education system. The modern concept of vocational education has changed significantly in recent years, presenting today a system aimed at the formation and development of both universal and professional competencies necessary for the realization of a certain career trajectory. Proficiency in a foreign language is considered as a tool for international mobility, which allows students to expand their professional prospects significantly and gain advanced experience in various fields of activity. The introduction of the language course "Foreign language of professional communication" into the curricula at all levels of vocational education will make it possible to adapt vocational training to the specific needs of students and the specific requirements of the professional field. In the article arguments are given to emphasize the need of cooperation between educational institutions and organizations that provide opportunities for professional practice. The article also examines the structure of the course "Foreign language of professional communication, analyzes its content with educational materials. Special attention is paid to the problems associated with the introduction of new teaching methods, the adaptation of the teacher's role to new learning requirements. In conclusion, some findings on possible ways to solve the problems of professional foreign language teaching are presented.

the relevance of the research topic is due to the need to improve the effectiveness of training of personnel of fire protection units in an increasingly complex fire situation. The research goal is to identify the psychological and pedagogical conditions that ensure the effective implementation of immersive systems of technical support for the exercises of fire protection units. The study objectives include: analysis of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the use of immersive technologies in education and training; identification of the most effective psychological and pedagogical conditions for the implementation of an immersive approach; to summarize the basic principles of the use of immersive technologies during the training of fire protection units. The research methodology presented in the article is based on a systematic approach and includes: synthesis, analysis, systematization, descriptive method, comparison, as well as the formal-logical method. The conclusions obtained in the course of the study made it possible to establish that the effectiveness of the implementation of immersive systems of technical support for the exercises of fire protection units depends on compliance with the following psychological and pedagogical conditions: ensuring a high level of realism of the simulated environment, adapting the system interface to the features of the professional activity of firefighters, the use of interactive training methods.

this article addresses the pressing issue of forming aesthetic value orientations among younger schoolchildren within the context of spiritual and moral development. The research aims to develop and test a model, technology, and pedagogical conditions that enhance the effectiveness of this process using folk artistic culture in extracurricular activities. The methodology includes theoretical analysis, pedagogical experimentation, surveying, and statistical data processing. The results demonstrate that implementing the developed model and the course program «Folk Artistic Culture» contributes to a positive dynamic in the level of formation of aesthetic value orientations among younger schoolchildren. It is concluded that using folk artistic culture in extracurricular activities is advisable for forming aesthetic value orientations among younger schoolchildren and that the developed materials can be recommended for use in educational institutions.

in light of the realities of professional practice in an environment of accelerating scientific and technological development, this paper demonstrates the need to re-evaluate the effectiveness of physics education in higher education institutions and, consequently, its methodological support. Conditions for effective physics seminars, from both didactic and methodological perspectives, are formulated and justified with respect to their content and organization within the educational process. The main conditions highlighted are: the scientific and practical nature of the seminars; the completeness and integrity of the methodology of scientific and technological problem-solving in its specific manifestations; the professional significance and relevance of the seminar’s problematics; the demand for self-education and information-analytical work of students; the project-based approach to formulating the problem to be studied; the educational value of the subject matter; the students’ autonomy in choosing (developing) a solution to the problem; and the seminar’s foundation as an expert-level event. Using a concrete example of a seminar dedicated to studying the problem of protection against intense laser radiation, the possibility of implementing these conditions in the practice of physics education is shown. An argument is developed in favor of conducting scientific and practical physics seminars aimed at selecting and justifying a method for the experimental solution of problematic tasks and analyzing the functional capabilities of individual classes of objects of interest.

the result of the research is that in the process of developing, implementing and adapting the main components of the greening of the pedagogical process within the framework of the formation of an ecological culture among primary school students, it will be most effectively used in conditions of interrelated educational activities. It is precisely due to the pronounced focus on environmental education, with the condition of using the basics of project activities in environmental education and interactive work that it will allow to form a common perception of environmental culture.

functional asymmetry of the brain of volleyball players is a set of signs of inequality of motor psychomotor acts in the halves of the body, as well as in the upper and lower extremities. The lateral phenotype of a person is a factor that determines the success of adaptation to loads that implement motor programs. The technique of performing game techniques in volleyball depends on functional features and can have right-sided or left-sided loads. To study the pattern of changes in functional asymmetry in young men who regularly play volleyball in relation to their natural abilities for movement. Assessment and change of functional asymmetry of young volleyball players was organized by testing forces with a wrist dynamometer in the phase of maximum tension and the phase of the ability to distribute force, accurately falling within a given range. The third test involved hitting a target with tennis balls. The overall result of testing with the right and left hands was calculated as a percentage. At the end of the assessment of functional asymmetry, the lateralization coefficient was calculated, which had a homogeneous result in the control and experimental groups at the beginning of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, in a group of young men who regularly played volleyball, a change in functional asymmetry was revealed, which indicates the influence of the chosen specialization on the formation of unilateral psychomotor development. The functional asymmetry of the brain in young men playing volleyball increases as a result of their sports activity, as evidenced by a change in the lateralization coefficient. Assessment methods can serve as a marker in sports selection for qualification in a playing role.

the pоssibilities оf preparing students fоr prоfessiоnal activity based оn a differentiated apprоach, the cоntent and pоssibilities оf a differentiated apprоach in educatiоn, the develоpment оf students' prоfessiоnal activity in hоmоgeneоus grоups, and the use оf innоvative educatiоnal technоlоgies in teaching the subject "Technical Creativity and Design" in experimental grоups, with systematic analysis and cоmparisоn оf the results оbtained, are presented in a diagram. As a result оf the integratiоn prоcesses оccurring in the wоrld, the infоrmatiоnizatiоn оf sоciety and the intrоductiоn оf mоdern innоvatiоns intо the ecоnоmy impоse new demands оn the higher educatiоn system оf оur cоuntry. These demands require the preparatiоn оf specialists whо pоssess the capacity tо implement advanced technоlоgies in variоus sectоrs оf оur republic's ecоnоmy and whо meet the criteria shaped by the needs оf the labоr market. A student in higher educatiоn in the new era must have the skills tо develоp prоfessiоnal training, which is оne оf the cоnditiоns fоr meeting this demand. It shоuld be nоted that the develоpment оf prоfessiоnal training includes nоt оnly persоnal and scientific cоmpetencies but alsо cоmpetencies that are оf prоfessiоnal significance. Tо meet the requirements оf tоday, a specialist must nоt оnly pоssess the necessary theоretical knоwledge, practical experience, and skills in their field but alsо have the pоtential tо develоp themselves as individuals thrоughоut their educatiоn and prоfessiоnal activities, enhancing their mоral and educatiоnal virtues. In higher educatiоn institutiоns, the pedagоgical laws-based system оf integrative-methоdical knоwledge and intellectual tasks оf a general prоfessiоnal nature fоr students in the "Technоlоgical Educatiоn" field, as well as the prоvisiоn оf a differentiated interactive learning trajectоry, is crucial fоr imprоving the cоntent оf the educatiоnal prоcess and develоping scientific-methоdical recоmmendatiоns. The use оf differentiated apprоaches is оf significant impоrtance in the develоpment оf the prоfessiоnal training оf future technоlоgy teachers. With the intrоductiоn оf state educatiоnal standards in the higher educatiоn system, there is a demand fоr the educatiоnal cоntent and innоvative technоlоgies and apprоaches aimed at enhancing the quality оf prоfessiоnal training fоr technоlоgy teachers. This creates a necessity fоr the mоdernizatiоn оf the system fоr training highly qualified specialists in higher educatiоn institutiоns and the develоpment оf its innоvative pedagоgical fоundatiоns. In the methоdоlоgy оf teaching based оn a differentiated apprоach, it is essential tо develоp the prоject оf the prоfessiоnal training prоcess fоr specialists, its cоntent, technоlоgical structure, and mоdern educatiоnal-methоdical suppоrt that cоrrespоnds tо the cоntent оf teaching. There is alsо a need tо imprоve the cоntent оf educatiоnal materials and tо develоp them in accоrdance with the individual characteristics оf students, their cоgnitive activity, and pоsitive engagement. The results оf оur research indicate that there have been nо studies fоcused оn the develоpment оf the prоfessiоnal training оf students in the "Technоlоgical Educatiоn" field in higher educatiоn institutiоns based оn a differentiated apprоach, taking intо accоunt the individual psychоlоgical and persоnal qualities оf each student. During the teaching prоcess оf the subject "Technical Creativity and Design" in higher educatiоn institutiоns within the "Technоlоgical Educatiоn" prоgram, we implemented the teaching prоcess using innоvative "Netwоrk Planning" technоlоgies based оn a differentiated apprоach tо develоping students' prоfessiоnal training. In cоnclusiоn, differentiated innоvative methоds in the "Technоlоgical Educatiоn" field prоvide great оppоrtunities fоr develоping students' prоfessiоnal skills. Help develоp prоfessiоnal cоmpetencies, fоster creative thinking, strengthen students' self-cоnfidence, imprоve adaptability tо market demands.

in the article, the concept and features of the process of socialization of student in educational institutions of higher education are discussed. Socialization is considered as a multifaceted process, including not only the transmission of knowledge and skills, but also the formation of social and professional competencies, values and personal qualities. The main aspects of students' socialization are defined: educational environment, social responsibility, etc. The author notes that two factors affect the success of students’ socialization process in educational organization of higher education: personality characteristics and characteristics of educational organization. The results of an empirical study of determining the characteristics of socialization of first-year students of pedagogical training programs at Nizhny Novgorod State Engineering and Economic University are presented. The materials of the article can be used to prepare a plan of extracurricular activity of an educational organization, as well as to draw up a plan of adaptation measures for first- and second-year students.

this paper presents the experience of domestic scientists in studying the influence of motivation for studying at a university on students' academic performance. An experiment on studying students' motivation for studying at a university and their academic performance is described. The relationship between the motives for studying at a university and the academic performance of students of the Faculty of Natural Science, Physical Education and Sports of the Chuvash State Pedagogical University named after I.Ya. Yakovlev is revealed.

the article presents the experience of using project activities of the academic discipline "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood", which was recently introduced into the higher education system. Using the example of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (KrU of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation), the author characterizes and describes the practice of using the design method in the educational process, defines the stages, types, and features of design work, and analyzes the achieved results of cadets' research activities. The author is convinced that the design method contributes to the systematization of knowledge, the better assimilation of lecture material by students, and instills genuine scientific interest in the study of the problems of the formation and development of the Russian state-civilization. Through the application of project activities in practical classes, interdisciplinary approaches to the history of the Russian state were studied, the terminology of social sciences was mastered, and a positive experience of immersion in specific historical periods of the development of Russian statehood was gained, which allowed first-year students to formulate a collective historical and cultural image of Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that project activity, as one of the modern interactive teaching methods in the higher education system, has proved its importance and timely use, among other information technologies. Thus, in the form of immersion into the historical past and present, studying the traditions and innovations of the Russian state, the cadets consolidated the theoretical material of the academic discipline "Fundamentals of Russian Statehood". The problematic areas of Russian society at the present stage of development are identified, and options for their solution are proposed. The high level of practical significance of students' research projects was noted: publication activity in scientific periodicals, coverage of the results obtained in competitions, scientific and practical conferences, forums.

the article discusses the organization of network educational communication in the training of future teachers using the example of a teacher training college. The analysis of approaches to the definition of the concept and the specifics of the organization of communication between a college teacher and a student (future teacher) is presented.

extracurricular activities in the Chinese classroom are an educational and upbringing process and are considered in the article as a means of intensifying professional training in a higher educational institution, assuming the use of certain principles. The choice of specific forms of extracurricular work depends on the profile of training, the discipline studied and the level of professional education. Extracurricular classes in a foreign language should not be conducted in isolation, but in close interaction with other subjects. The combination of classroom and extracurricular work stimulates students' activity, unites the motives of educational and extracurricular work, and also provides an opportunity to practically apply knowledge, skills and abilities on a related topic. The author defines certain forms of extracurricular work aimed at working with texts, with visual materials, writing scientific articles, participating in student scientific conferences, as well as in Olympiads, competitions in the Russian language, theme evenings, festivals, excursions, visiting theaters. Such events as literary and musical compositions, quizzes, evenings with games and jokes are considered important in extracurricular work. During extracurricular activities, the attention of Chinese students was separately drawn to popular genres of reality shows. The author emphasizes that properly organized extracurricular work activates the reserve capabilities of the personality of Chinese students. The goal of extracurricular work with Chinese students is the formation of the personality and development of the students' worldview. Such work includes: expanding knowledge about the culture of Russia and other countries, involvement in the process of intercultural communication, developing skills and abilities of intercultural communication, preparation for further education at universities of the Russian Federation, spending leisure time within the framework of the cultural and organizational work programs of the faculty and university, and involvement in research activities.

the article is aimed at identifying the interest of students of Sevastopol State University in the use of digital simulators in the process of professional training. The relevance of the study is dictated by the need for digital transformation of educational processes. The article describes the trends and legal aspects of implementation of digital tools into the system of professional training of future teachers. The necessity of using digital simulators in the formation of practical skills of future teachers through immersion in the digital environment is substantiated. In the article the author points out the need to organize a survey among the students about effectiveness and usefulness of using the digital simulators in the educational process. The practical part of the study is provided by a generalization and description of empirical data that indicate the existence of students’ problems during teaching practice, as well as identifying the significance of introducing digital simulators into practical training. The results of the pedagogical research allow us to establish that during the period of teaching practice, students make a lot of effort to solve problems in organizing interaction with the class, in managing the educational process, therefore, before practice, classes using digital simulators are necessary to help improve professional identity and self-organization, and develop reflection during the practice period. Also, the results of a survey of future teachers confirm a positive attitude and increased interest in the use of digital simulators in professional training. The author concluded that modeling real situations of professional activity can provide a new digital educational environment for the training of future teachers. However, it is required to use a methodologically sound approach to the use of digital tools in the educational process at a university. The results of the study may be of practical interest to university managers and teachers involved in improving the preparation of future teachers for their upcoming professional activities.

the article examines the multifaceted educational opportunities and didactic potential of digital memorial complexes and electronic document repositories in the context of the comprehensive development of the historical worldview of the younger generation. The processes of transformation of the educational paradigm, caused by the rapid digitalization of the cultural and information space, actualize the need for a critical rethinking of methodological approaches to historical education. Based on the socio-cultural situation of the Knyagininsky municipal district of the Nizhny Novgorod region, the authors identified key problems in the field of historical and local history education and proposed an innovative conceptual model for integrating digital tools into pedagogical practice, taking into account the cognitive characteristics of the modern youth audience. Exponential acceleration of information processes in modern reality, accompanied by a fundamental reconstruction of the mechanisms of transmission of cultural and historical heritage between generations, inevitably gives rise to a methodological crisis in the field of historical education. This problem is especially acute in provincial urban centers and agricultural territories, where there is a paradoxical combination of authentic local history material with a deficit of innovative pedagogical tools for its actualization. A sociological study carried out on the territory of the Knyagininsky District convincingly demonstrates the presence of a cognitive gap between the information wealth of local history and its mental representation in the consciousness of young residents of the region. The research methodology is based on a multi-level integration of a system-activity paradigm that emphasizes the active position of the subject of cognition, with an axiological approach that allows interpreting the development of historical material through the prism of value dominants. The methodology provided a theoretical foundation for the conceptualization of electronic museum spaces and digital archival collections as multifunctional tools for the formation of meta-subject educational results. The empirical basis of the research program is constituted by: quantitative data of a large-scale survey of 350 respondents from the youth cohort of the municipality; qualitative materials of expert interviews with representatives of the pedagogical community and specialists in the field of regional studies; results of a detailed content analysis of existing electronic museum expositions and digitized archival funds. These research results can be useful for constructing an effective system of historical education in small towns and rural areas. A comprehensive analysis of the educational infrastructure of the Knyagininsky District revealed serious dysfunctions in the mechanisms of transmitting historical knowledge, caused by the prevalence of archaic forms of presenting local history material that do not correspond to the cognitive patterns of information perception by a modern youth audience. Among the key negative factors, respondents identified: dominance of traditional formats of historiographic representation (68%); limited availability of documentary materials (53%); insufficient use of information and communication technologies (71%); deficit of interactive mechanisms of interaction with historical artifacts (64%). The central scientific and practical result of the conducted research was the development of a multi-component model of the virtual local history complex "Knyagininskaya Chronicle", the architecture of which includes: an interactive historical map of the territory with chronological and thematic data filtering; a structured electronic repository of documentary sources; a biographical encyclopedia of outstanding personalities; immersive excursion routes; an educational portal with didactic materials; a communication platform for transgenerational dialogue. As a result of studying the educational potential of digital tools of historical education, the authors articulated theoretical provisions and practical recommendations for their integration into the pedagogical process. A differentiated approach to the use of electronic memorial complexes and digital document storage facilities involves taking into account the psycho-age characteristics of the target audience and the variability of formats of interaction with historical content: for younger schoolchildren, game-based mechanisms of cognition are optimal, for teenagers – problem-based research activities, for students – professionally oriented project practices. Experimental testing of the conceptual model elements within the framework of the project "Youth Remembers, Youth Honors" demonstrates a high level of interest of the target audience and a significant educational effect. Quantitative analytics of user activity on the beta version of the electronic platform records a stable interest in virtual excursion programs, archival photo documents, biographical materials and spatial visualizations of historical processes. Prospects for further evolution of the project are associated with scaling the content component through the digitalization of museum exhibits and archival funds, the development of interactive educational resources, the introduction of augmented reality technologies and integration with federal historical and cultural platforms.

this article discusses the possibilities of improving the methodology of teaching compulsory subjects based on an approach focused on independent practical activity, its essence and significance, the problems encountered in the process of teaching compulsory subjects and the methods of their implementation, as well as the advantages of an approach focused on independent practical activity. Improving the methodology of teaching compulsory subjects based on an approach focused on independent practical activity is a pressing task. This modernization includes optimization of the educational process to develop students' skills in independently solving professional problems. For a deep assimilation of knowledge in compulsory subjects and their application, students must be involved in independent work. In this process, such methods as practical and laboratory classes, project work, practical assignments, analysis of problem situations and independent research are used. Increasing the quality of knowledge: students are given the opportunity to independently strengthen theoretical knowledge related to the subject. By completing practical assignments, students acquire the skills of expressing their thoughts and solving various problems. Opportunities are created to apply the theoretical knowledge they have learned in real life. Students’ self-improvement increases their level of independence and ensures their active participation in the learning process. Thanks to independent practical activities, students have the opportunity to further strengthen their knowledge, develop creative and analytical abilities, and apply effective approaches to solving real-life problems. For this reason, the widespread introduction of this approach will contribute to improving the quality of education. With the help of this approach, students not only master theoretical knowledge, but also acquire practical skills and develop the ability to think independently. In addition, the introduction of modern technologies and innovative methods into the educational process serves to improve the quality of the educational process. As a result, qualified specialists in demand in the modern labor market will be trained.

the age of large-scale introduction of computer and mobile devices into the life of society entails a number of consequences. One of them is the complete involvement of the younger generation in gadgets, which take up most of their time, during which difficulties arise in mastering the curriculum not only in comprehensive school, but also in children's art schools for students mastering an additional pre-professional general education program in the field of musical art. The article examines methods, techniques, and time management techniques, thanks to which students will be able to rationally distribute their time resource for mastering the curriculum.

the actuality of the research is connected with the fact that in spite of a large amount of accumulated data concerning the advantages of consistent lifestyle transformation in accordance with bioethical values, in Russian education this problem stays on the periphery of educational process. That is why the objective of the work is to analyze enlightenment activities connected with the actualization of bioethical themes in modern discourse. It is concretized in tasks to determine the place of the issues discussed in the circle of adjacent social and pedagogic problems; to build a connection between particular issues discussed within enlightenment activities and actual problems of modern pedagogy; to determine the role of enlightenment activities in the perception of different aspects of bioethical themes in society. The basic methods of research are observation, comparing facts, induction, deduction. It is revealed that standard division of cruelty into justified and excessive against the background of constantly widening scientific and technological possibilities is arbitrary and contributes to dehumanization of personality. It is found out that particular steps which in perspective make is possible to integrate into education the striving for cruelty minimization in accordance with the realities of the current moment were investigated. It is shown that practical regimentation of issues discussed within the activities contributes to gradual official recognition of bioethical norms, breaking stereotypes about them and establishing an environment for their implementation.

in the context of education being put first, it is a solid foundation for the future of the country. As society changes and develops, the requirements for education have also been raised, especially the requirements for the quality of teaching of teachers. However, currently, there are still many new teachers who have not had any teaching experience for themselves, which requires new teachers to face challenges and difficulties in the process of entering the profession, especially they need to form their own professional identity. That requires new teachers to do their best to be able to form their own professional identity. This paper examines the process of new teachers forming their professional identity. It explores the key characteristics that form a clear professional identity, as well as the challenges that new teachers will encounter during their career and the process of forming their personal professional identity. From there, it is possible to build a support program as well as help them strengthen their personal professional identity.

the purpose of this study is to develop methods and means of diagnostics in qualimetric monitoring of the formation of environmental competence in higher education. To achieve the goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: 1. development of diagnostic tools and methods for the cognitive component of the model of qualimetric monitoring of the formation of environmental competence in higher education; 2. development of diagnostic tools and methods for the operational component of the model of qualimetric monitoring of the formation of environmental competence in higher education; 3. development of diagnostic tools and methods for the component of the model of qualimetric monitoring of the formation of environmental competence in higher education. As a result of the conducted research, test questions, project tasks, questionnaires were developed and self-assessment methods were selected that will allow an objective assessment of the level of formation of environmental competence. The developed diagnostic tools were formed in accordance with the component structure of the model of qualimetric monitoring of the formation of environmental competence in higher education. The results of this study can be applied in assessing environmental competence and significantly improve the quality of education in the field of ecology and contribute to the formation of sustainable environmental competence in students, which is necessary for solving modern environmental problems.

the article examines the issues of value components of education and the formation of value orientations in students in the educational process of the Mongolian school. In the 21st century, in connection with technological modernization in Mongolia, significant changes have occurred in moral consciousness, educational norms and value systems; in this regard, there is a need to preserve and pass on national values to future generations, the formation of moral values and value foundations in the process of personal development of students. The value system is formed over a long period of history, and also arises in any sphere of human activity, in any science about man, in psychology, pedagogy, upbringing and education. The study of the issues of value components of education in the educational process is a prerequisite for successful pedagogical activity and the formation of ideological value structures of self-knowledge. Based on this, in the educational process of the Mongolian school, special attention is paid to the combination of traditions and innovations and interdisciplinary integration. An analysis of scientific literature gives grounds to assert that the formation of value orientations in students is closely connected with the development of personality, knowledge, skills, abilities, behavior and activities that must be implemented in the process of educational activities.