Vol 8, No 7 (2025)

the peak incidence of acne typically occurs between the ages of 12 and 25, with approximately 85% of teenagers being susceptible to it. However, there has been a recent increase in the number of patients, both younger than 14 and women older than 30. For over 50 years, the main treatments for acne have remained the same: topical and systemic retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, and hormonal medications. Recently, two new INNs have emerged on the market: sarecycline, a tetracycline antibiotic, and clascoterone, a first-in-class medication with a unique mechanism of action. They are not yet available on the Russian market, but in 2021-2024 there was a sharp increase in the consumption of systemic isotretinoin (more than 50% of the market in value in 2024), as well as changes in the sales structure of drugs for external use - gels and solutions have practically ousted powders from the market. Despite the relatively conservative treatment approaches and the expiration of patent protection for most substances and their combinations, the share of domestically produced drugs is growing slowly, which may be due to strong marketing campaigns and brand power of foreign manufacturers.

migraine is a common chronic disease with paroxysmal headaches and focal neurological disorders, which significantly worsens the quality of life. Oxidative stress is the most common factor underlying migraine triggers. The article presents a series of clinical cases of chronic migraine treatment, including resistant to therapy, with peptide hydrolysates of animal and fish origin. According to the patients' results, the use of peptide hydrolysates can be indicated both in standard cases, with mild and moderate manifestations of chronic migraine, and in cases of refractoriness to standard methods of therapy, due to their pronounced antioxidant activity of hydrolysates. Patients observed an increase in the quality of life with short-term use, and with regular use for 6 months or more, a persistent therapeutic effect was observed. Peptide protein hydrolysates are the first systems of restorative low-molecular nutrition and nutritional support of the body in Russia, produced by the Russian company Sophos Protein Biotechnology from natural domestic animal raw materials. Peptide hydrolysates contain a wide range of proteinogenic amino acids that perform a structural function in the formation of proteins: glycine, alanine, proline, serine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine, arginine, histidine, tyrosine, including 7 of the 8 essential ones – valine, isoleucine, leucine, threonine, methionine, lysine, phenylalanine.

this paper introduces a wearable respiratory spectrometer using dynamic humidity sensing technology to monitor lung function. Traditional tests measure airflow and pressure changes during breathing via mechanical sensors (e.g., differential pressure or turbine sensors), assessing parameters like Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) and Forced Vital Capacity (FVC). The spectrometer, based on Darcy’s law, links gas flow rate to pressure difference, establishing a quantitative relationship between PEF, FVC, and sensor signal changes. Results show a linear correlation between humidity changes and PEF, with PEF errors below 10%, adjacent test errors under 5%, and frequency response errors below 12%, meeting industry standards. Compared to traditional spirometers, the spectrometer achieves significantly lower errors for PEF (0.35%) and FVC (0.23%). Even under free-breathing conditions (PEF 12-24 L/min, FVC 0.5-0.7 L), it maintains a linear relationship between signal changes and breathing volume, enabling continuous, real-time lung function monitoring and remote respiratory disease management. In summary, the wearable spectrometer offers accurate, real-time lung function monitoring with minimal error, suitable for remote respiratory care.

monoclonal antibodies have become an integral part of modern treatment protocols for many cancer diseases, but there are still some challenges associated with their use in the human body. Purpose. To conduct a review analysis of foreign and domestic literature related to the study of the technology of obtaining and using these drugs. A review analysis of scientific literature by foreign and domestic authors in the databases eLibrary, PubMed, MedLine, CyberLeninka was conducted, focusing on the problems of using monoclonal antibodies in modern clinical oncology. As part of the study, various monoclonal antibody preparations were studied. The structure of each type of monoclonal antibody was studied at the protein level. By studying the structure of different types of monoclonal antibodies, various effects of these drugs on malignant cells were investigated. Conclusion. The key task of modern clinical oncology and bioengineering is to create monoclonal antibody drugs that affect a wide range of "oncological" antigens for more effective treatment of heterogeneous tumors.

this article is devoted to a comprehensive institutional analysis of the system of drug provision for patients with rare diseases in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to identify the key structural elements of the system, reveal systemic problems, and determine promising areas for its improvement. The work examines the multi-level structure of the organization of medical care and drug provision at both the federal and regional levels, as well as the activities of specialized funds, particularly the «Circle of Kindness» Foundation. An analysis of the regulatory framework governing the circulation and financing of orphan drugs was conducted. The methodological basis of the study consisted of systemic and institutional approaches, content analysis of regulations and scientific literature, as well as SWOT analysis. The study revealed the main problems of the system: financial and organizational fragmentation, the presence of a "therapeutic gap" when patients reach adulthood, regional disparities in the availability of treatment, as well as regulatory barriers and imperfections in the patient registry system. The need for further centralization of procurement and financing, the creation of a united source for all patients, regardless of age, and the improvement of mechanisms for pharmacoeconomic assessment and registration of orphan drugs is substantiated.

the study is devoted to a comparative analysis of the effects of splenectomy and organ-preserving resections on liver functional state through the evaluation of key biochemical parameters. Splenic injuries constitute a significant share of abdominal surgery; however, data on the effects of different resection volumes on liver function remain fragmented. The aim of the work is to assess the dynamics of total protein, urea, and ?-lipoproteins in blood serum after complete and partial splenectomy in order to substantiate the advantages of organ-preserving approaches. The relevance is determined by the increase in trauma rates and the need to optimize surgical strategy with consideration of functional consequences. The novelty lies in the comprehensive comparison of biochemical markers under different resection volumes within a unified experimental design. The experiments were performed on 55 rabbits weighing 1.5–3.0 kg in four series: splenectomy (n=15), resection of 1/3 of the spleen (n=15), resection of 2/3 of the organ (n=15), and control (n=10). Surgeries were performed under local anesthesia with novocaine in accordance with international bioethical principles. Biochemical indicators were assessed before surgery and dynamically at 7, 21, and 60 days: total protein by the biuret method, urea by the color reaction, and ?-lipoproteins by the Burstein and Samay method. Statistical processing was carried out using the Biostat program with Student’s t-test and Bonferroni and Tukey corrections. The results demonstrate pronounced, volume-dependent disturbances in liver function after splenic surgery. After splenectomy, total protein decreased to 46.4±2.58 g/L within one week, followed by recovery to 51.73±3.5 g/L at three weeks and partial normalization by day 60. Urea levels after complete removal of the organ decreased to 5.57±1.07 mmol/L on day 21, while after resection of 1/3 there was an increase to 10.67±1.38 mmol/L in the first week. The content of ?-lipoproteins after splenectomy decreased 2.26-fold by day 21, while after resection of 1/3 it increased to 0.787±0.158 absorbance units. The data obtained indicate that the spleen is involved in the regulation of hepatic protein and lipid metabolism, and that the resection volume directly correlates with the severity of functional impairments. Splenectomy causes the most profound changes with a long recovery period, which supports the advisability of organ-preserving surgeries whenever technically feasible. The practical significance lies in the justification of a differentiated approach to selecting the extent of surgical intervention.

according to numerous multicenter studies, 30-40% of the world's population has vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is particularly high in countries in northern Europe and northern America due to a lack of ultraviolet radiation. In Russia, 70% of the adult population has 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/ml, and some studies have reported seasonal variations. The effects of vitamin D deficiency on calcium-phosphorus metabolism and the condition of the musculoskeletal system are well-known and widely reported in the literature. However, there is a lack of research on the effects of vitamin D deficiency on other organs and systems, particularly the cardiovascular system. The available data are often contradictory and unsystematic. This article presents the results of a study conducted by the authors, which demonstrates the impact of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency on the development of cardiovascular pathology in middle-aged men.

the study is aimed at investigating the relationship between the ego functions of the individual and cognitive-behavioral patterns in eating disorders within the framework of the integration of psychodynamic and cognitive-behavioral approaches. The study involved 60 people aged 25 to 35 years. A set of psychodiagnostic methods was used, including the Ammon Self-Structural Test, the Ilchik Eating Behavior Assessment Scale, the Sagalakova Diagnostic Questionnaire, the CMQ Questionnaire of Cognitive Errors, and the CEAS Constructivist Epistemological Beliefs Scale. The results showed heterogeneity in the distribution of ego functions among the participants with a predominance of dysfunctional forms. Significant correlations were revealed between dysfunctional ego functions and indicators of eating disorders. The most pronounced relationships were found between destructive external ego-delimitation and a tendency to bulimia, deficit narcissism and personalization, destructive anxiety and catastrophization. The data obtained expand the understanding of the psychological mechanisms of the formation of eating disorders and substantiate the need for an integrative approach in psychotherapeutic practice that takes into account both deep personality structures and superficial cognitive-behavioral manifestations.

the article substantiates the importance of the subject having a high level of professional creative thinking. The approaches, the basic work of the researchers who compiled the theoretical and methodological foundations, as well as the methods for organizing our research are described. The indicators for self-improvement of professional creative thinking are considered. The factors ensuring successful self-improvement of professional creative thinking are highlighted. The approaches (strategic and tactical) and models of the organization of professional creative activity are considered. The methods of effective organization of professional creative thinking (focal objects, morphological analysis, lateral thinking by E. de Bono) are highlighted. The technology of an individual-personal approach in the organization of professional creative thinking is considered. In conclusion, the conclusions obtained during the organization of the study are presented.

the study is devoted to the problem of developing theoretical and methodological foundations for the activities of the mobile psychological and pedagogical service (MPPS), which in modern conditions is becoming a significant tool for supporting the development and education of the younger generation outside the conditions of educational organizations. Projection of a model of the MPPS is an important and urgent problem that requires development based on scientific analysis, taking into account regional specifics and differentiated tasks of assistance. The purpose of scientific projection of the MPPS model is to develop an effective system for providing qualified assistance to children, parents and educational organizations in the absence or limited opportunities for providing psychological and pedagogical support. The work identifies the organizational and methodological aspects of the MPPS activities that determine the availability, quality and efficiency of the service.

this article examines mental coercion as a type of crime established by Article 40 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, methods of its implementation and psychological impact on elderly people and minors. The article analyzes the problems of establishing and qualifying mental coercion as a separate type of crime. The article analyzes statistical data of the Judicial Department at the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on the number of crimes committed by minors and elderly people, determines the relevance of the problem of using mental coercion in crime, outlines the main directions and trends in the development of research in this area of psychology.

the article discusses the basics of socio-psychological assessment of the degree of influence of the post-pandemic stress response on flight safety. A comprehensive study of the effects of stress factors on the mental and physiological state of pilots has been conducted. The peculiarities of the crew's behavior in special flight situations are determined. The problem of flight safety is revealed, as well as the justification for the need to organize psychological training of the crew for flights and the occurrence of unforeseen situations. The purpose of the article is to review the main socio-psychological studies of recent years devoted to assessing the degree of influence of the post-pandemic stress response on flight safety and the presence of stress among aviation industry specialists.

the article examines the phenomenon of psychological reliability of scientific researchers in the context of contemporary professional challenges. Specific stress factors inherent in scientific activities are analyzed. The relationship between psychological reliability and the concept of psychological cost of activity and psychological defense mechanisms is explored. The necessity of a comprehensive approach to strengthening the psychological reliability of scientific researchers as a strategic condition for ensuring sustainable development of scientific organizations is substantiated.

the article presents the results of an empirical study of psychological readiness for organizational changes and proactivity among medical middle management. A correlation was made between the level of psychological readiness for organizational changes and the level of proactivity based on the results of the initial diagnostics of the participants. Based on the data obtained, proactivity training was developed and conducted. A repeated diagnosis of employees was carried out after the experiment to identify the dynamics of indicators of psychological readiness for organizational changes when influencing the proactivity of employees. Correlation analysis of diagnostic results revealed a relationship between proactivity and such components of psychological readiness for organizational changes as emotional readiness, personal readiness, and innovative readiness. The formative experiment conducted in a medical organization has shown that proactive behavior training among middle managers increases their level of psychological readiness for organizational change.

as the main goal of the study, the author defines the theoretical study of the features of an effective executive assistant in the format of remote work. Based on this goal, the author highlights the issues of remote work in modern realities, emphasizes its specific nature, and in some cases, its objective necessity; defines the close professional relationship between the manager and his assistant, and emphasizes the role and functions of the assistant in successful management and the effectiveness of the entire team. The article presents the methodological foundations on which the scientific research is based: the collection, competitive, and acmeological approaches.In the article, the author provides an overview of both personal and professional abilities and skills that determine the high efficiency of a manager's assistant in remote work. The article describes the following personal qualities: communication skills, organizational skills, independence, responsibility, etc. The author of the article highlighted the following professional qualities: the ability to adapt quickly, the ability to understand the logic and principles of setting and solving strategic tasks, experience in conducting business negotiations, resolving or preventing conflicts, the ability to act as an emotional anchor, the ability to formulate goals effectively, the ability to plan, monitor, and motivate employees to achieve professional goals, and more.

the article analyzes the phenomenon of students' adaptation to the university. The authors consider didactic adaptation as one of the components of university adaptation, and academic performance as an objective indicator of adaptation at the university. The article presents the results of a longitudinal analysis of the academic performance and didactic adaptation of medical students from the first to the third year of study. A decrease in credit and exam performance was recorded, and a negative trend in the expression of didactic adaptation was observed from the first to the third year of study at the medical university, indicating a decrease in the motivation for academic development among the study group of respondents. A positive correlation has been identified between academic performance and didactic adaptation at the university, i.e. the less academic performance is, the lower the level of motivation for learning, the desire for academic achievements, and the positive attitude towards the educational environment among medical students from the first to the third year of study. It is concluded that it is necessary to implement organizational measures to improve both the adaptation and academic performance of students, which may include the following measures: conducting adaptation training, organizing individual consultations, and introducing a tutor support system.

the purpose of this study was to identify the level of anxiety among agricultural students of 1-3 courses, as well as the main factors influencing situational and personal anxiety. To determine the levels of situational and personal anxiety, we used the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of 40 questions, where the first 20 questions were designed to determine the level of situational anxiety, and the next – to determine the level of personal anxiety. The study was conducted with the participation of students of 1–3 courses who voluntarily expressed a desire to participate in the survey. All respondents study in the field of 35.03.04 "Agronomy". We hypothesized that first-year students would have higher levels of both situational and personal anxiety than senior students. This may be the result of a new academic and social environment, lack of confidence in their abilities and abilities. The comparison and analysis of the results allowed us to conclude that the level of situational, as well as personal anxiety among first-year students is slightly higher than that of undergraduates, which confirmed the hypothesis. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the main factors influencing the levels of situational anxiety of students are: the novelty of the learning environment; instability; higher academic workload; social adaptation; lack of experience. The level of personal anxiety is influenced by: immaturity and lack of experience; increased self-criticism; lack of formation of a value system; insufficient social support in a new learning environment; transition period. Some techniques for overcoming anxiety proposed by Russian practicing psychologists were also considered.

the purpose of this research is to study the characteristics of motivation and emotional intelligence in equine therapists working with children with disabilities. An empirical study was conducted on a sample of 185 people, of which 32 were hippotherapists and 153 were other specialists working with children with disabilities, using diagnostic techniques such as a) A. Mehrabian's test questionnaire to measure achievement motivation (adapted by M.Sh. Magomed-Eminov); b) a method for diagnosing emotional intelligence "EmIn" (D.V. Lyusin); c) the life satisfaction Index test (IHU) (adapted by N.V. Panina). It has been established that most specialists working with children with disabilities (both hippotherapists and specialists in other areas of correctional work) have an average level of expression of the integral indicator of the general level of emotional intelligence, which indicates a moderately expressed ability to differentiate their own emotions and the emotions of other people and an average level of ability to manage other people's emotions. The absence of significant differences between the indicators of general emotional intelligence and all its components (both in interpersonal and intrapersonal EI) in hippotherapists has been proven compared to specialists in other areas of correctional work with children with disabilities. It was found that almost all specialists working with children with disabilities (both hippotherapists and specialists in other areas of correctional work) have the dominant motive of activity as the motive of avoiding failure; this may indicate a high degree of responsibility imposed by working with children with disabilities, in accordance with the main commandment of a doctor – "do no harm". The absence of significant differences between the indicators of motivation to avoid failure in hippotherapists compared to specialists in other areas of correctional work with children with disabilities has been proven. It has been revealed that most specialists working with children with disabilities (both hippotherapists and specialists in other areas of correctional work) have a high level of the life satisfaction index, which means that they all have a satisfactory general psychological state, are highly satisfied with the situation in their lives and their role in this situation in general. Hippotherapists have shown a positive relationship between the overall level of life satisfaction and such components of emotional intelligence as interpersonal emotional intelligence, understanding of emotions and emotion management: the better the hippotherapist's interpersonal emotional intelligence, understanding and emotion management, the higher his life satisfaction. Hippotherapists have shown a positive relationship between such a component of life satisfaction as interest in life (the opposite of apathy) with general emotional intelligence and such components as emotion management and intrapersonal emotional intelligence: the higher the levels of general emotional interpersonal emotional intelligence, the higher the hippotherapists' interest in life.

the article presents an analysis of the dynamics of indicators of ontological confidence (OU) in three clients (Ksenia, Mikhail, Irina) after completing a course of Cathartic imaginative psychotherapy (KIP). Ontological confidence, understood as a basic sense of reality, integrity, and security of one's own being, is a fundamental aspect of mental health. The study demonstrates that KIP, working with unconscious processes through images and symbols, contributes to a significant strengthening of OU, manifested in reducing the "false Self", increasing basic trust in the world and improving vital contacts. The results highlight the effectiveness of TRC in resolving deep-seated existential conflicts and shaping a more authentic way of existence.

this article is a comprehensive study of the ethnopsychological features of the formation and functioning of the picture of the world in traditional cultures. The author's concept considers the picture of the world as a complex multi-level system, including three interconnected structural components: archetypes as the deep foundations of the collective unconscious, axiologemes as value-normative constructs and mythologemes as narrative models of worldview. These elements form a stable system that performs the most important adaptive, value-normative and meaning-forming functions in traditional societies. The central place in the study is occupied by the analysis of the ideologeme as a system-forming element of traditional consciousness, integrating ideological, symbolic and cultural aspects. The author conducts a critical review of the main theoretical approaches to the study of the picture of the world, including modern achievements of ethnopsychology, methodological developments of cognitive anthropology and the conceptual apparatus of depth psychology. On this basis, an original structural and functional model of the worldview in traditional societies has been developed, taking into account both universal patterns and culturally specific features. The empirical part of the study demonstrates the transformation processes occurring with traditional models of worldview under the influence of globalization. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the paradoxical combination of decontextualization of cultural forms with the preservation of their deep symbolic meaning. The work examines in detail the mechanisms of cultural stability and adaptation strategies of traditional societies in the context of rapid socio-cultural changes. The research results have significant practical potential and can be applied: in the development of state programs for the preservation of intangible cultural heritage; in the creation of educational programs for intercultural communication; in psychological and pedagogical support for the adaptation of representatives of traditional cultures; in the consultative practice of working with migrants; in socio-cultural design and the development of ethnotouristic programs. The proposed model opens up new prospects for further comparative research in the field of ethnopsychology and cultural anthropology, and can also serve as a methodological basis for applied developments in the field of interethnic interaction and cultural policy.

this article focuses on the study of cognitive mechanisms that determine the process of information perception by young people in a dynamically developing digital environment. The article analyzes the impact of new digital information formats, such as visual content and short text messages, on cognitive processes, particularly on the development of clip-based thinking. It examines the influence of personalization algorithms and attention filters on the formation of young people's individual information worldview, and explores cognitive barriers and opportunities in the context of critical thinking and information verification. The article analyzes empirical data obtained through the analysis of youth social media content, online experiments, and in-depth interviews. Recommendations have been formulated for developing critical thinking, visual literacy, and media competence among young people, aimed at fostering conscious and responsible interaction with the digital environment.

the purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between individual-typological personality traits and professional self-determination in marketing. The authors' study involved 180 senior students and young professionals aged 20 to 28 years. The methods of the authors' study included the five-factor personality questionnaire "Big Five", the method of professional self-determination by J. Holland, the authors' questionnaire of professional preferences in marketing. The results of the authors' study showed significant correlations between extroversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness and the choice of marketing specializations. In the course of the study, the author found that individuals with high rates of extroversion and openness to experience more often choose creative areas of marketing, while high conscientiousness is associated with a preference for analytical specializations. The findings of this study can be used for professional orientation and development of human resources in the marketing sphere.

the image of the world as a multidisciplinary phenomenon has a complex structure and a variety of interpretative approaches. The article analyzes the main theoretical and methodological aspects of studying this phenomenon, with special attention paid to ethnic constants and determinants that form stable patterns of perception of reality in traditional cultures. The key differences between rural and urban cultures are revealed: mythological thinking, the cyclical nature of time, the sacralization of space and collectivism are characteristic of rural environments, while urban culture demonstrates rationalization, individualism, secularization and multiculturalism. Urbanization is considered as a significant factor in the transformation of traditional world models and the formation of hybrid forms of cultural identity. In conclusion, the necessity of developing a new concept explaining the dynamics of changes in the image of the world in conditions of transitivity is substantiated, and directions for further research in the field of intercultural interaction are proposed. Promising areas of further research include: studying the mechanisms of adaptation of traditional worldview models to an urban environment; analyzing the impact of digital technologies on the transformation of cognitive structures; and comparative studies of cultural hybridization processes in various regions of the world. The implementation of these research programs will not only deepen understanding of the nature of modern socio-cultural changes, but also develop effective strategies for preserving cultural heritage in the context of increasing globalization processes.

the aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of the distribution and role adequacy of family roles in young families without children and after the birth of the first child. The article presents the results of an empirical study of the distribution of family roles and role adequacy in families without children and with a first child, implemented on various Internet platforms dedicated to family life and parenting. The study examined the characteristics of family role distribution and role adequacy (the method "Role Distribution in the Family" by Yu.E. Aleshina, L.Ya. Gozman, E.M. Dubrovskaya, 1987) in young families without children, as well as the types of upbringing (the questionnaire "Types of Child Rearing" by A.I. Barkan, 1999) and the adoption of a parental position in young families with a first-born child (the questionnaire of parental position adoption by E.I. Zakharova, A.I. Strogalina, 2005). The study involved 6 couples (6 men and 6 women) aged 18 to 24 years without children and 24 couples (24 men and 24 women) with a first-born child. During the testing of the hypotheses, it was revealed that young families with a first-born child are characterized by adequate adoption of a parental position and the implementation of positive types of upbringing; Young families without children are also characterized by an adequate distribution of family roles. The clearest distribution of roles and role adequacy is observed in a couple without children with a classic patriarchal distribution of roles; also, no discrepancies in the answers were found in a couple in which the classic "male" roles are realized by the husband, and the "female" roles - jointly. In general, most family functions in modern young families with a first-born child are realized either jointly or by the wife. A low degree of rejection of the components of the parental position in young families with a first-born child is characteristic, as a rule, of both spouses in a couple and is a family tendency. A comparative analysis of the indicators of the type of child rearing between spouses within couples revealed a significant difference on the "increased moral responsibility" scale. This indicator is significantly higher for fathers.

the article is devoted to the study of the level of aggression and anxiety in adolescent boys and girls. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the concepts of "aggression" and "anxiety" in psychological literature and the identification of the level of aggression and anxiety in adolescent boys and girls, as well as the identification of the relationship between aggression and anxiety in adolescents. To identify the level of aggressiveness and anxiety, the following diagnostic tools were used in the study: the Aggressiveness Test (L.G. Pochebut questionnaire), the Aggressiveness Level Test (A. Bass and A. Darki questionnaire), and the Spielberger-Khanin Anxiety Level Test. Additionally, we conducted a Spearman rank correlation analysis to determine the statistical relationship between the aggressiveness and anxiety of adolescents. The results of the Aggression Test (L.G. Pochebut questionnaire) showed that most boys and girls have an average level of aggression. The results of the Aggression Level Test (A. Bass and A. Darki questionnaire) showed that boys are more likely to be aggressive than girls. The results of the Spielberger-Khanin anxiety test helped to establish the presence of moderate and severe anxiety and several types of anxiety in the group of boys and girls. Based on the data obtained, we can conclude that girls are more prone to anxiety compared to boys. The Spearman correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship between the variables "aggressiveness" and "anxiety."

this article presents the author's psychological concept of entrepreneurial competitiveness, developed based on a synthesis of theoretical and empirical research. It substantiates the relevance of studying competitiveness in the current socio-economic environment and identifies the need for a holistic understanding of this phenomenon. Methodological approaches and research methods (questionnaires, expert assessment, psychological diagnostics, and problem-solving simulations) used to analyze a sample of Russian entrepreneurs are presented. The key psychological patterns that determine competitiveness are identified: the relationship between multi-professionalism, innovative activity, achievement motivation, experience, and personal and professional qualities. A general model of entrepreneurial competitiveness has been developed, incorporating personal, activity-based, and socio-psychological components. The concept has explanatory and predictive value and can be used in scientific research, educational programs, and practical support for entrepreneurial activity.

this article is devoted to the study of the influence of the social environment on the psychological state of young people suffering from cancer. In the context of increasing attention to the psycho-emotional component of cancer treatment, social support, as well as the perception of the patient by society, is of particular importance. The study shows that the level of social support, public perception of the diagnosis and the presence of stigmatization have a significant impact on the emotional well-being of patients. The article presents the results of a survey and psychological diagnosis conducted among patients aged 18 to 35 years. Based on the data obtained, conclusions are drawn about the need for large-scale programs to raise public awareness and develop psychosocial care for young cancer patients.

the purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of hybrid work organization forms (combining remote and office work) on workplace ergonomics and workers' psychological well-being in the post-pandemic economy. The research tasks include: 1) studying the theoretical foundations of labor psychology and ergonomics in the context of hybrid models; 2) empirical examination of the level of ergonomic adaptation and psychological well-being among 500 employees from various industries; 3) identifying correlations between ergonomics factors (lighting, furniture, digital interfaces) and well-being indicators (stress, job satisfaction, work-life balance); 4) developing recommendations for optimizing hybrid spaces. The methodology combines quantitative (surveys using PSS-10 scale for stress and NASA-TLX for cognitive load) and qualitative (in-depth interviews) approaches. The results show that 68% of respondents note a reduction in ergonomic risks in the hybrid format, but 42% experience increased stress due to blurred work-rest boundaries. Correlation analysis revealed a negative relationship (r = -0.45) between the quality of the home workspace and anxiety levels. Practical application: recommendations for HR specialists on implementing ergonomic standards in hybrid models, including subsidies for equipment and training programs on balance. The study contributes to increasing productivity and reducing staff turnover in organizations adapting to new labor realities. (252 words).

the article is devoted to the study of the specifics of the use of psychological and pedagogical tools for the development of thinking activity of primary school children with mental retardation. The work presents a comprehensive analysis of theoretical and empirical studies that reveal the features of the cognitive development of this category of students. The qualitative originality of thought processes in children with mental retardation is established, manifested in the dominance of visual-figurative thinking with a significant lag in the formation of conceptual structures. The effectiveness of using subject-creative tasks in combination with reflexive technologies for activating the reproductive and productive components of thinking is substantiated. A direct connection between the adequacy of self-esteem and the level of cognitive development has been revealed, which confirms the need for an integrated approach to the formation of intellectual characteristics of students. Scientific novelty lies in the systematization and theoretical substantiation of the role of psychological and pedagogical tools in the development of various types of thinking in primary school students with mental retardation, as well as in the presentation of a comprehensive description of the specific features of their mental activity, taking into account modern trends in the growth of the number of children with minor intellectual disabilities.

this article explores the development of resilience as a key resource for psychological counselors working remotely. In the current context, remote work presents specific stressors, including emotional strain, professional burnout, and decreased motivation. Resilience is viewed as a multidimensional and dynamic psychological resource that enables adaptation to professional stressors and supports emotional well-being. The study analyzes theoretical approaches to resilience, its connection with psychological flexibility and self-efficacy, and identifies core psychological resources such as emotional stability, self-regulation, empathy, professional competence, and social support. Special attention is given to the specifics of remote work, which limits nonverbal communication and requires the development of digital literacy and self-management skills. Practical recommendations focus on comprehensive resilience development through professional training, supervision, and emotional regulation techniques. The findings are significant for enhancing the quality of psychological assistance and reducing burnout risk in the modern professional environment.