Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law

Many publications have been devoted to the problems of public-private partnership in our country over the past 20 years. At the same time, a number of problems related to the optimization of regulatory and organizational tools to ensure the partnership mechanism have not yet been solved. The authors propose a multi-level system of regulatory support for the implementation of the mechanism of public-private partnership, which allows to bring together all regulatory norms, thereby increasing the integrated efficiency of management, state regulation and contracting in the field of partnership.

The first half of the implementation period of the national project "Ecology" is coming to an end. This determines the relevance of assessing its effectiveness, primarily from the point of view of the use of budgetary funds. The article examines the existing approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of state programs. Based on their critical analysis, the author proposes a methodological approach to calculating the efficiency indicators of financing the implementation of federal projects of the national project "Ecology" (main and additional ones). The interpretation of the indicators is given. The efficiency criteria are substantiated. The priority of funding sources and budget financing instruments has been determined. The proposed approach has been tested on the example of the implementation of the federal project "Clean Country". The conclusion about the effectiveness of financing the project at the expense of budgetary funds for the first three years of implementation has been made.Acknowledgments. The article was prepared based on the results of a study at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment to the Financial University for 2023.

This article is devoted to the disclosure of the essence of digitalization, substantiation of the methodology for the study of relevant processes in industry with the determination of their historical place. In this regard, it is emphasized that digitalization is a form of scientific and technological progress, which is based on constantly developing methods of working with information. The characteristics of the course of digitalization in various spheres of public life are given. The author's methodology for the study of digitalization of industry is interfaced with the technical and economic side of the processes under consideration, in connection with which a new approach to the structure of modern productive forces is justified. The historical place of digitalization is determined in relation to qualitatively new stages of the development of productive forces corresponding to industrial revolutions. The author proceeds from the inextricable relationship between digitalization and automation in the framework of the third industrial revolution. The prospects of digitalization are linked to the gradual transition to the fourth industrial revolution.

This article considers the possibility of introducing economic hygiene into small businesses. The article highlights the main tasks of preventive monitoring of the company. The possibility of introducing the hygiene of the company's economy, including constant monitoring of the main indicators of the company, which will undoubtedly affect the effectiveness of the internal control system for various users of information, is analyzed.

This study reveals the mechanisms and forms of state support for small and medium-sized businesses, and assesses their impact on improving the effectiveness of strategic management for the business entities under consideration. The analysis of various forms of support provided to SMEs in the Orenburg region is carried out. The main extensive and intensive factors of improving the management of a small company are identified. The authors' approach presupposes the choice of directions for improving the efficiency of small businesses following an extensive or intensive development. The stages of improving the effectiveness of strategic management of a small company are proposed. The results of the research presented in the article and the authors' recommendations will be useful to the management of small businesses and private entrepreneurs in the strategic management of the firm, as well as for the further development of the theory of strategic management. In addition, they can be applied by public authorities in order to develop forms of state support for business.

The article provides a review and analysis of approaches to the diagnosis of the organizational culture effectiveness. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as the possibilities and limitations of applying available methods for diagnosing the effectiveness of organizational culture are revealed. Based on the results of the analysis of approaches to the diagnosis of organizational cultures in the aspect of improving the management efficiency, a request for the development of a methodology for diagnosing the effectiveness of organizational culture was identified.It allows taking into account the characteristics of the environment and identifying the directions of its development. An approach to the development of a soft methodology for diagnosing the effectiveness of organizational culture is proposed.

This article presents some effective business models for organizations in consumer cooperation. The analysis was carried out taking into account the influence of environmental factors that are relevant for the market as a whole at the moment. The main research methods as follows: the analysis and synthesis of the information received. Models of building a business based on collaborations and the principles of lean manufacturing are shown. The effectiveness of activities within the framework of existing business platforms, in particular, Sbermarket, as well as the occupation of a niche aimed at satisfying individual consumer needs, is substantiated. A model of interaction between counterparties within the framework of the business platform has been developed. The article is aimed at those who develop their business through the system of consumer cooperation.

The article examines the theoretical aspects of business models, presents the relevant classifications and types of business models. The authors' interpretation of the business model is proposed. Optimal business models for the progressive development of entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation amidst sanctions restrictions have been determined.

The article is devoted to the study of ESG transformation of brand management strategy. The main hypothesis of the research is expressed in the assumption that the business models of organizations require adaptation to modern conditions and factors due to the increasing role of the concept of sustainable development. The research purpose was to systematize the influence of modern conditions and factors on the ESG transformation of the company's brand management strategy. The interrelation of ESG principles with the concepts of CSR and sustainable development is determined. The essence and content of the ESG approach are reflected. The conditions and factors of current ESG changes are identified. A comparative analysis of the main ESG standards for implementing changes and key metrics involved in the analysis of the effectiveness of transformations is carried out. The recommendations presented by the authors are universal and applicable to various areas of business.

The problem raised is quite relevant, since it affects the problem of using digital platforms and artificial intelligence in economic activity. The subject of this study was the construction of a forecast of the level of confidence of economic entities in intellectual technologies in the medium and long term under the influence of global challenges and threats. The purpose of the proposed work was to analyze and assess the current level of trust between economic entities and digital platforms and predict the future state in the medium and long term. The research is based on the work of domestic and foreign scientists on the development of trust, both institutional and personal. Among the methods, technologies and approaches to the study of the stated problem should be attributed: the method of secondary data analysis, discourse analysis, mathematical and statistical methods, structural and functional, system and situational approaches. In this study, the author assesses the current state of trust in artificial intelligence and digital platforms, and presents forecasts of the dynamics of the level of trust in innovative intelligent technologies in the medium and long term. The results obtained by the author of the study will be interesting for assessing the level of trust in economic relations when planning and implementing business processes in the medium and long term.Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финуниверситета.

The Russian rocket and space industry is characterized by high potential, which should be strengthened and used to develop new frontiers. However, the topic of space today ceases to occupy a special place in youth communities. In addition, the NASA brand represents a serious competition for the domestic cosmonautics in the struggle for audience loyalty. The conducted research presents the main problems of the current marketing strategy and the weakening of the Roscosmos positioning and also offers key marketing aspects of the program to promote space research among young people.

The article analyzes the financial sustainability of power supply companies in various regions. In conditions of high dynamism of the internal and external environment, imbalance, uneven cash flows and solvency problems lead to a decrease in financial sustainability and reduce the competitiveness of power supply companies. In modern realities, the energy sales activity of the industry is undergoing changes that are both internal and external in nature and directly affect the financial condition of companies. At the moment, highlighting the fundamental factors that affect the financial sustainability of power supply companies, special attention should be paid to highly specialized factors related to the specifics of the industry. Based on the calculation of the Altman's integral value, a factor analysis of the probability of bankruptcy of power supply companies was conducted.Financial sustainability of power supply companies is one of the types of sustainability of the development of any organization, since the main purpose of any company is to maximize its value. Successful activity is also associated with maintaining the organization's investment attractiveness, the balance of external and internal forces of influence. Thus, development, in turn, is the main factor in the growth of the organization's economy, which indicates the long-term growth of such a socio-economic system, its economic and strategic sustainability. Solving the problem of maintaining the sustainability and development of the company requires, first of all, coordination of sustainability monitoring processes. In addition, an important stage is the analysis and prediction of what the new equilibrium will be when the external and internal environment changes.

This article formulates the author's definition of the conceptual model, and also presents a conceptual model of the organizational and economic mechanism for increasing the operational efficiency of heat supply organizations based on modern models of interaction with consumers. Within the framework of the presented concept, the specifics of district heating both through CHPPs and through boiler houses are taken into account, which allows using the provisions of the developed conceptual model in all regions of the Russian Federation when adapting to the new tariff policy in the heat supply industry.

Transformation of international commodity markets and changes in the structure of national fuel and energy balances can be explained by the investment policy of leading economies in accordance with the postulates of energy security and sustainable development. The article analyzes in detail the ways to increase the financial stability of the mining industry in Russia through the digitalization of management, business and production processes. The authors analyzed the potential of digital tools to reduce transaction costs through the transformation of the business process management structure in the mining segment. The results of the study may be of interest to specialists and researchers on improving production efficiency through financial and digital technology. The mining industry is the basis of the existing technological structure. Thus, its transformation is the key to sustainable regional socio-economic development.

This article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of industrial tourism and the practical implementation of affordable industrial tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod region for a mass audience: residents and guests. The authors have developed the project "Industrial Nizhny", combining traditional cultural values, powerful historical and modern industrial potential of the region and presented for study on accessible and social conditions to residents and guests of the region. The project "Industrial Nizhny" is implemented by the Promexcursovod volunteer group in the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.E. Alekseev. It develops not only affordable industrial tourism in the city and region, but also attracts additional tourist flow, creates a brand of the territory, popularizes the image of Nizhny Novgorod goods and increases their competitiveness in the market of the country and the world.

Replacement of worn-out machinery and equipment is the main purpose of investments in fixed assets. The growth rates of the full accounting value of fixed assets of agricultural organizations in the country are not large enough.This led to the deterioration of their technical condition and increased wear and tear. Mainly the increasing commissioning of fixed assets of agricultural organizations, the stable excess of the coefficient of renewal of fixed assets over the coefficient of disposal did not significantly reduce the depreciation of fixed assets of agricultural organizations and, in particular, their active part. These active part includes machinery, equipment, and vehicles that make up more than half of the cost of fixed assets. Moreover, it is in the part of machinery and equipment, as well as vehicles, that the highest proportion of completely worn-out fixed assets is traced. The obvious need to intensify investment processes, together with the insufficiency of its own sources of financing and the riskiness of credit financing, predetermines the expansion of state participation in investment processes.

The agro-industrial complex plays an important role in ensuring national security, national sovereignty and economic power. This article is devoted to the problem of detection and prevention of economic crime in the agricultural sector. The improvement of legal norms on criminal liability for economic crimes in agriculture concerns all legal systems. The work of agricultural companies and the degree of their economic security are directly dependent on the degree of functionality of the organizational and economic mechanism for countering economic crime in the considered sector of the economy. The article analyzes the European legislation regulating criminal liability for economic crimes in agriculture. Examples of legislation in such as countries France, Germany, Holland, Spain, etc. are considered. This article will be interesting for agricultural workers, as well as for employees of departmental structures.

The article posed and solved the actual task of a multi-projection comparative analysis of the economic security of manufacturing industries in the Vladimir region for 2020 and 2021 based on statistical information. Three profile projections are considered. They are as follows: performance efficiency, finances, as well as innovation and industrial safety. When conducting intersectoral comparisons, the classical Pareto principle and the authors' toolkit of multi-criteria and multi-projection choice were used. According to the results of calculations, a significant stratification of the region's manufacturing industries was established. The production of rubber and plastic products has the most protected position for two years.However, in terms of performance, it occupies a middle position, moving from the fifth to the sixth place with the deterioration.The more significant food production (the first place) and the production of finished metal products, except for machinery and equipment (the 2nd and 3rd place), are located at the end of the list in the cluster structure. When using longer time series and performing a forecast of adequate quality, the results of multi-projection optimization can be required to develop strategies for the development of manufacturing industries in the region and form a set of measures to support them.

The article is devoted to the study of the capital regions and the peculiarities of the development of their transport infrastructure. The modern interpretations of the concept of "transport infrastructure" in scientific works and the regulatory framework, taking into account the digitalization of the transport industry, are analyzed. The author's formulation of the concept of "regional transport infrastructure" is given. Using the example of the Moscow region, the specifics of the transport infrastructure of the capital region, the development of which is closely interrelated with the high rates of development of the capital, as well as with the international and state significance of its transport system, are studied. The features of interaction of transport complexes of the capital of Russia, Moscow and the Moscow region, forming a single transport hub, are considered. In accordance with the Transport Development Strategy jointly adopted by the two regions, a number of measures have been proposed to improve the transport infrastructure of the Moscow Region, which acts as a capital region.

The ongoing sanctions pressure could not but affect potential socio-economic threats and risks, which could subsequently lead to asymmetry in the labor market. In the conditions of the observed well-being, characterized by a low level of registered and general unemployment, socio-economic prerequisites for real threats that can affect the disproportions of the regional labor market have been found. Recognizing the priority and importance of achieving high economic activity of economic entities, its detailed assessment was carried out. Negative trends of changes in the industrial production index have been identified. There is an increase in the number of unprofitable companies in the structure of the region's economy. The increasing scale of companies' losses in most sectors has been statistically confirmed. It is proved that potential prerequisites are being formed not only for an increase in the volume of underemployment, but also for a real imbalance in the ratio of demand and supply in the regional labor market. It is shown that the initial points of bifurcation in the labor market will be associated with unfavorable trends in the current socio-economic situation in the region. The presented trends made it possible to identify signals contributing to the pre-crisis situation in the regional labor market.

The article deals with the problem of the impact of adverse production factors of a psychophysiological nature on some categories of employees of public catering companies. The working conditions of this category of employees imply activity in conditions of high density of the communicative space with a high intensity of direct interaction with a significant number of customers in the process of servicing them and fulfilling a large volume of orders in a limited time. At the same time, the performance of labor functions in conditions of strict compliance with the norms of professional etiquette and mandatory client orientation increases the labor intensity. This manifests itself in psychoemotional overload, which negatively affects the mental health of employees, increases the number of occupational injuries, and reduces the quality of working life [1].The analysis of working conditions of the specified category of employees in the context of increasing the profitability of production through improving the quality of working life is carried out. The authors of the article focus on the management component of measures aimed at improving working conditions through the introduction of innovative smart order and queue management systems into the production organization. These systems will optimize the labor activity of the company team by automating the processes of receiving and processing orders, distributing tasks and improving communication within the team. In turn, this will significantly reduce the labor intensity.Further analysis of the effectiveness and limitations of smart management systems in public catering will identify promising areas for implementation in the business processes of the catering sector. The results of the study will be useful to employees, businessmen and managers interested in improving the quality of staff's working life, profitability and competitiveness of production.

The article is devoted to the study of the viability of traditional and innovative approaches to career guidance, taking into account the current state and trends of the external environment. Career guidance tests have been developed for a very long time and require further testing. Neurotechnologies make it possible to organize a continuous process of verifying the reliability of results when using career guidance tests. A new approach to career guidance programs is proposed. The proposed integrated approach makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of career guidance activities, ensuring the successful integration of young people into the labor market and improving the quality of their professional choice. This article is an important scientific study that will help to understand modern trends for the effective career guidance.

The article examines the current situation in the alternative investment market and the prospects for its development in the context of territories and sectors. In this article, a systematic approach to analyze the world market of alternative investment assets was applied. Taking into account expert forecasts, an assessment of its development prospects was carried out. Special attention was also paid to the Russian practice of investing in alternative asset classes, problems and prospects for the development of the market of non-classical assets, taking into account country institutional and legislative features. The results of the study allow to conclude that alternative investments are applicable for investment purposes now and in the long term. The article may be of interest to a wide range of readers, mainly for private investors interested in portfolio diversification based on alternative assets.

Based on long-term statistical reporting and accounting data, the article analyzes the main indicators characterizing the activity of industrial companies amidst the last two global economic crises. At the same time, special attention was paid to changes in the share of industry in the economy, the impact of COVID-19 on the financial performance of companies in the non-oil sector, as well as the impact of state support on the restoration of damage to business entities and individual entrepreneurs. The expediency of developing and implementing an anti-crisis concept and targeted innovative projects and startups for the production of competitive and import-substituting products is substantiated. The necessity of including micro and small companies operating in the manufacturing industry in the structure of newly created and projected technoparks and industrial clusters has been established. The mechanisms of motivation of rational placement of foreign and joint ventures in the regions of the republic and diversification of the non-oil sector are considered.