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Volume 13, Nº 8 (2023)
Articles
Share economy as an independent branch of economic activity in the concept of interrelations with the new institutional economic theory
Resumo
The article presents the results of a study comparing the new institutional economic theory and the share economy at the general scientific level of knowledge of economic phenomena and processes.The substantiation of the study of the share economy in order to understand its features and the development of optimal strategies and practical solutions is presented. In addition, the study of the economic aspects of the share economy contributes to the development of a more efficient and sustainable economy, which is an important factor at present.The polemical aspect of scientific views on the formation of the share economy in the structure of the new institutional economic theory is noted through a logical and descriptive approach using a set of methods, such as deduction, analysis, and comparison.As a result of studying the theoretical foundations of the share economy, a general scientific understanding of the basis of its formation is created with a structural relationship with the new institutional economic theory. The presented views on the genesis of the considered branch of management make it possible to expand the fundamental basis of the main provisions and predetermine further directions of research. It could be the role of the share economy in economic relations, principles and approaches to assessing its effectiveness.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2467-2476
2467-2476
Legal and organizational tools to ensure the development of public-private partnerships: current status and opportunities for improvement
Resumo
Many publications have been devoted to the problems of public-private partnership in our country over the past 20 years. At the same time, a number of problems related to the optimization of regulatory and organizational tools to ensure the partnership mechanism have not yet been solved. The authors propose a multi-level system of regulatory support for the implementation of the mechanism of public-private partnership, which allows to bring together all regulatory norms, thereby increasing the integrated efficiency of management, state regulation and contracting in the field of partnership.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2477-2490
2477-2490
Application of public-private partnership in information and financial relations of participants of the tax system
Resumo
This study is aimed at solving the problem of accessibility of the latest information technology for the state, which allow achieving high quality implementation of public services and expanding the opportunities for private investments in the non-profit sector. The authors obtained results aimed at developing the theory of public-private partnership in the digital economy. The features of the application of public-private partnership in the information sphere are determined. The risks of developing and implementing public-private partnership projects in the information sphere are detailed. The results of a comparative analysis of the public-private partnership agreement and the concession agreement to determine acceptable conditions for information partnership in tax relations are presented. The authors' model of public-private information and financial partnership is presented. The results obtained will be of interest to the scientific community for consideration in new research on solving the problems of digital transformation of the tax system through public-private partnership, as well as to the parties of such partnership for the formation of an effective model of interaction on terms of equality and consideration of mutual interests.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2491-2502
2491-2502
Evaluating the efficiency of financing federal projects of the national project “Ecology”
Resumo
The first half of the implementation period of the national project "Ecology" is coming to an end. This determines the relevance of assessing its effectiveness, primarily from the point of view of the use of budgetary funds. The article examines the existing approaches to assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of state programs. Based on their critical analysis, the author proposes a methodological approach to calculating the efficiency indicators of financing the implementation of federal projects of the national project "Ecology" (main and additional ones). The interpretation of the indicators is given. The efficiency criteria are substantiated. The priority of funding sources and budget financing instruments has been determined. The proposed approach has been tested on the example of the implementation of the federal project "Clean Country". The conclusion about the effectiveness of financing the project at the expense of budgetary funds for the first three years of implementation has been made.Acknowledgments. The article was prepared based on the results of a study at the expense of budgetary funds under the state assignment to the Financial University for 2023.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2503-2518
2503-2518
Functional model of industrial development projects within the priorities of the Russian state policy
Resumo
The state policy in the field of industrial improvement is undergoing significant changes, which are associated with the aggravated inequality of socio-economic development of the country's regions. The lack of the necessary number of economic growth centers has led to a decrease in business activity and a deterioration of the investment climate in the country. In this regard, it becomes relevant to use special economic zones as instruments to promote economic activity. Special economic zones are able to ensure the achievement of the goals of the balanced spatial development strategy by facilitating the creation of the necessary backbone for the implementation of investment projects for the development of industry in priority sectors through their rational placement.The article examines the prospects for the implementation of these projects in special economic zones, taking into account the peculiarities of conducting financial, economic and investment activities in conditions of preferential management regime. The author has developed theoretical and methodological provisions to substantiate approaches that reveal the motivation of organizations in the investment and construction sector and special economic zones in terms of project cooperation within the priorities of state policy for the development of industry. The study will be of interest to investors and developers who intend to carry out investment and construction activities in special economic zones. In addition, the results of the study are of an applied nature for public authorities, municipalities and specialized agencies seeking to increase the effectiveness of state regulation with this tool to promote economic activity.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2519-2536
2519-2536
Digitalization of industry: theoretical foundations and research methodology
Resumo
This article is devoted to the disclosure of the essence of digitalization, substantiation of the methodology for the study of relevant processes in industry with the determination of their historical place. In this regard, it is emphasized that digitalization is a form of scientific and technological progress, which is based on constantly developing methods of working with information. The characteristics of the course of digitalization in various spheres of public life are given. The author's methodology for the study of digitalization of industry is interfaced with the technical and economic side of the processes under consideration, in connection with which a new approach to the structure of modern productive forces is justified. The historical place of digitalization is determined in relation to qualitatively new stages of the development of productive forces corresponding to industrial revolutions. The author proceeds from the inextricable relationship between digitalization and automation in the framework of the third industrial revolution. The prospects of digitalization are linked to the gradual transition to the fourth industrial revolution.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2537-2556
2537-2556
The shadow economy in the systemic perception of the country and company structure
Resumo
At the moment, there is no single approach to the study of the shadow economy. The influence of shadow relations in the country is quite significant, which leads to a theoretical understanding of their qualitative system analysis. In the context of this article, the theoretical construction of the socio-economic system cannot be implemented without taking into account the impact of the shadow economy. In the article, the shadow economy is studied from the position of the paradigm of the system economy. The purpose of this article was to study the options for typology of the four components of the shadow economy subsystems from the point of view of its inherent changing chronotope of the country and company. Theoretical aspects of the relationship between the macro and micro level structure of the economy are presented in the form of a scheme divided into four subsystems of a certain type. Each subsystem includes a certain part of the shadow economy. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the substantiation of the methodological approach to the shadow economy based on the neo-systemic perception of the structure of the country and the company. As a result, a polystructural socio-economic platform has been formed. This platform has the form of tetrads with the allocation of subsystems of various types.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2557-2572
2557-2572
Economic hygiene in small business as the basis for effective activities in the future
Resumo
This article considers the possibility of introducing economic hygiene into small businesses. The article highlights the main tasks of preventive monitoring of the company. The possibility of introducing the hygiene of the company's economy, including constant monitoring of the main indicators of the company, which will undoubtedly affect the effectiveness of the internal control system for various users of information, is analyzed.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2573-2584
2573-2584
Business model transformation in local and regional ecosystems
Resumo
The authors propose to consider the problem of delayed transformation in ecosystems of vertical and horizontal business models into oblique ones as the reason for the discrepancy between the growth of economic entity digitalization and the economic activity results. The following conclusions of the researchers are confirmed. The real drivers and the basis of sustainable development in the conditions of VUCA (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity) are the micro-objects of local markets involved in organizational innovation. The article is of interest to theorists and practitioners of assessing the realities of local markets in achieving positive externalities at the regional and national levels.Acknowledgments: The authors express their gratitude to N. V. Novikova, Dr. Sc. (Econ.), Associate Prof., Prof. of Regional, Municipal Economics and Governance Dept. Ural State University of Economics for the scientific guidance of the research work of L.S. Dianova.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2585-2600
2585-2600
Improving the efficiency of strategic management of small business taking into account various forms of state support
Resumo
This study reveals the mechanisms and forms of state support for small and medium-sized businesses, and assesses their impact on improving the effectiveness of strategic management for the business entities under consideration. The analysis of various forms of support provided to SMEs in the Orenburg region is carried out. The main extensive and intensive factors of improving the management of a small company are identified. The authors' approach presupposes the choice of directions for improving the efficiency of small businesses following an extensive or intensive development. The stages of improving the effectiveness of strategic management of a small company are proposed. The results of the research presented in the article and the authors' recommendations will be useful to the management of small businesses and private entrepreneurs in the strategic management of the firm, as well as for the further development of the theory of strategic management. In addition, they can be applied by public authorities in order to develop forms of state support for business.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2633-2648
2633-2648
Corporate crises: cause and effect
Resumo
The official statistics on the bankruptcy of organizations are analyzed. Conclusions about the trends in the development of the crisis situation in 2023 are drawn. Bankruptcy is a clear and objective manifestation of the crisis at the micro level. To identify crisis states at the earliest possible stages of development, the author proposes to form a categorical-conceptual system of causal connection between such concepts as "cause - symptom - crisis". The definitions of these categories are considered. Such features of the causes of crises as multicausality, mimicry, inertia and synergy are indicated. The typology of the key categories of the causes of crises is carried out. The internal causal connections "cause - symptom - crisis" are considered. For the fundamental resolution of latent contradictions and the conscious transfer of the system to a new level of stability, it is proposed to use a fundamentally new, innovative direction. This is an autogenic, i.e. controlled crisis. The directions of further research in such areas as typology of crises and symptomatology are outlined.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2663-2684
2663-2684
Approaches to diagnosing organizational culture effectiveness
Resumo
The article provides a review and analysis of approaches to the diagnosis of the organizational culture effectiveness. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as the possibilities and limitations of applying available methods for diagnosing the effectiveness of organizational culture are revealed. Based on the results of the analysis of approaches to the diagnosis of organizational cultures in the aspect of improving the management efficiency, a request for the development of a methodology for diagnosing the effectiveness of organizational culture was identified.It allows taking into account the characteristics of the environment and identifying the directions of its development. An approach to the development of a soft methodology for diagnosing the effectiveness of organizational culture is proposed.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2649-2662
2649-2662
Characteristics of introducing a systemic approach to risk analysis in a company expanding operations
Resumo
This article discusses possible ways to implement a risk analysis system at the stage of expanding the company's activities. The author of the article analyzes the minimization of the main risks that a small business economic entity may face. Risks always exist and often arise not only in the course of current activities, but also in the expansion of small businesses in various industries, regardless of the type of its activity, organizational and legal form and terms of activity in a competitive market. The possible influence of the main factors in the expansion of small business, which needs to be analyzed and evaluated, is indicated.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2685-2696
2685-2696
Effective business models in consumer cooperation
Resumo
This article presents some effective business models for organizations in consumer cooperation. The analysis was carried out taking into account the influence of environmental factors that are relevant for the market as a whole at the moment. The main research methods as follows: the analysis and synthesis of the information received. Models of building a business based on collaborations and the principles of lean manufacturing are shown. The effectiveness of activities within the framework of existing business platforms, in particular, Sbermarket, as well as the occupation of a niche aimed at satisfying individual consumer needs, is substantiated. A model of interaction between counterparties within the framework of the business platform has been developed. The article is aimed at those who develop their business through the system of consumer cooperation.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2601-2610
2601-2610
Domestic and foreign practices of innovative project evaluation
Resumo
The article substantiates the relevance of improving domestic Guidelines for the Evaluation of Innovative Projects based on foreign and domestic practices related to increased competition. The author has refined the theoretical and methodological foundations for evaluating innovative projects. The analysis of existing domestic and foreign approaches to assessing the effectiveness of innovative and investment projects was carried out. These approaches includes methods and guidelines suggested by the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, Alt Invest, UNIDO, BFM Group, and the World Bank. The main characteristics of different practices for evaluating project effectiveness, strengths and weaknesses of certain approaches were highlighted. A comparative table of different approaches to assessing project effectiveness was compiled. Proposals to improve the domestic methodological recommendations for the project assessment were developed. Based on a comparative analysis of international and domestic approaches to assessing the effectiveness of innovative and investment projects, taking into account the existing conditions of the domestic economy, the author proposed to include the calculation of the MIRR indicator, the determination of the elasticity of financial indicators of the project and marketing analysis in domestic regulatory documents.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2715-2730
2715-2730
The choice of optimal business models for the development of domestic entrepreneurship amidst sanctions
Resumo
The article examines the theoretical aspects of business models, presents the relevant classifications and types of business models. The authors' interpretation of the business model is proposed. Optimal business models for the progressive development of entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation amidst sanctions restrictions have been determined.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2611-2632
2611-2632
Financial solvency: from awareness of the need for evaluation to strategy formation
Resumo
Bankruptcy is recognized as a lengthy process that begins long before the signs of insolvency appear. Therefore, bankruptcy and insolvency are called strategic dangers. Various bankruptcy forecasting models are limited to the short-term perspective. Strategic goals are ignored. In addition, it is necessary to distinguish between bankruptcy, i.e. company liquidation, insolvency, i.e. temporary financial difficulties, and financial solvency, i.e. maintaining financial performance based on the principle of balance and strategic orientation. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the need to take into account financial solvency as a condition that allows to control financial activities and prevent bankruptcy. The article presents a study of bankruptcy statistics. Clarification of the content of the concept of financial solvency as a strategic guideline is given. The necessity of developing a financial solvency strategy is substantiated. It is revealed that bankruptcy and insolvency are strategic dangers for the company, since the existing methods of assessment and forecasting work only for operational assessment. The results of the study will be of interest to scientists dealing with the problems of crisis management, for financial managers and specialists in strategic management.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2697-2714
2697-2714
Impact of ESG principles on the company's brand management strategy
Resumo
The article is devoted to the study of ESG transformation of brand management strategy. The main hypothesis of the research is expressed in the assumption that the business models of organizations require adaptation to modern conditions and factors due to the increasing role of the concept of sustainable development. The research purpose was to systematize the influence of modern conditions and factors on the ESG transformation of the company's brand management strategy. The interrelation of ESG principles with the concepts of CSR and sustainable development is determined. The essence and content of the ESG approach are reflected. The conditions and factors of current ESG changes are identified. A comparative analysis of the main ESG standards for implementing changes and key metrics involved in the analysis of the effectiveness of transformations is carried out. The recommendations presented by the authors are universal and applicable to various areas of business.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2731-2750
2731-2750
Marketplace in the e-commerce market: purpose, key tasks, problems of trust and reputation, criteria and methods for evaluating effectiveness
Resumo
The effective operation of the marketplace in electronic markets depends on ensuring the possibility of high-quality and constructive partnership transactions between the seller and the buyer. The reputation and trust in the marketplace may suffer if the peculiarities of building the mechanism of interaction between the seller and the buyer on the online trading platform provoke the opportunism of the trading partners, manifested in the desire to use the incompleteness of the contract, lack or asymmetry of information distribution to increase their own benefits. The purpose of the study is to identify current problems, key mechanisms for increasing trust and reputation, criteria and methods for evaluating the marketplace effectiveness. The main means of increasing the efficiency and reputation of the marketplace is a well-established two-way feedback system between all stakeholders, built taking into account the specifics of the online trading platform. Such a feedback system makes it possible to ensure the objectivity of the assessment within the framework of a two-way feedback system, neutralize the problem of retaliation by sellers against buyers based on the results of their feedback on the quality of the service and provide future buyers with information about the results of the seller's behavior in the past.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2751-2764
2751-2764
The issues of forecasting the prospects for the development of the phenomenon of trust of economic entities in intellectual technologies
Resumo
The problem raised is quite relevant, since it affects the problem of using digital platforms and artificial intelligence in economic activity. The subject of this study was the construction of a forecast of the level of confidence of economic entities in intellectual technologies in the medium and long term under the influence of global challenges and threats. The purpose of the proposed work was to analyze and assess the current level of trust between economic entities and digital platforms and predict the future state in the medium and long term. The research is based on the work of domestic and foreign scientists on the development of trust, both institutional and personal. Among the methods, technologies and approaches to the study of the stated problem should be attributed: the method of secondary data analysis, discourse analysis, mathematical and statistical methods, structural and functional, system and situational approaches. In this study, the author assesses the current state of trust in artificial intelligence and digital platforms, and presents forecasts of the dynamics of the level of trust in innovative intelligent technologies in the medium and long term. The results obtained by the author of the study will be interesting for assessing the level of trust in economic relations when planning and implementing business processes in the medium and long term.Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по государственному заданию Финуниверситета.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2765-2782
2765-2782
Comparative analysis of Roscosmos and NASA space research promotion methods: marketing aspect
Resumo
The article is devoted to the study of the role of the modern space industry in ensuring the development of both the public sector of the economy and private business. Achievements in the field of space exploration since the beginning of the space age demonstrate to the world the scientific and technical potential of the leading countries. In this regard, the effective promotion of space research increases both the country's ranking on the global space market and confidence in the technology, tools and products of the country's space industry. The article examines the practice of applying various methods of promoting space research by Roscosmos and NASA identifies. The strengths and weaknesses of marketing communications are determined.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2783-2806
2783-2806
Marketing aspects of a space exploration outreach program for young people
Resumo
The Russian rocket and space industry is characterized by high potential, which should be strengthened and used to develop new frontiers. However, the topic of space today ceases to occupy a special place in youth communities. In addition, the NASA brand represents a serious competition for the domestic cosmonautics in the struggle for audience loyalty. The conducted research presents the main problems of the current marketing strategy and the weakening of the Roscosmos positioning and also offers key marketing aspects of the program to promote space research among young people.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2807-2828
2807-2828
Nuclear power plants: legal features and formation of a conceptual model
Resumo
The wholesale electricity and capacity market is a complex structure that needs careful economic and legal regulation. Reforming the wholesale electricity and capacity market and, as a consequence, the liberalization of relations lead to the formation of competition in the market and the need for contractual regulation of emerging relations, as well as the formation of competitive strategies and identification of competitive advantages. At the same time, certain areas of electricity in the development of economic relations need special legislative regulation due to the need to ensure safety during the sale of goods, construction and operation of generators. One of these areas is nuclear energy, which needs a separate consideration of its specifics, as well as competitive strategies and contractual regulation of nuclear generation. Within the framework of this study, the authors' conceptual model is proposed. It allows analyzing the competitiveness of nuclear power plants in the wholesale market of electric energy and capacity. This article will be of interest to scientists and managers of organizations operating in the field of electric power.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2829-2842
2829-2842
Problems of managing the sustainability and development of energy supply companies
Resumo
The article analyzes the financial sustainability of power supply companies in various regions. In conditions of high dynamism of the internal and external environment, imbalance, uneven cash flows and solvency problems lead to a decrease in financial sustainability and reduce the competitiveness of power supply companies. In modern realities, the energy sales activity of the industry is undergoing changes that are both internal and external in nature and directly affect the financial condition of companies. At the moment, highlighting the fundamental factors that affect the financial sustainability of power supply companies, special attention should be paid to highly specialized factors related to the specifics of the industry. Based on the calculation of the Altman's integral value, a factor analysis of the probability of bankruptcy of power supply companies was conducted.Financial sustainability of power supply companies is one of the types of sustainability of the development of any organization, since the main purpose of any company is to maximize its value. Successful activity is also associated with maintaining the organization's investment attractiveness, the balance of external and internal forces of influence. Thus, development, in turn, is the main factor in the growth of the organization's economy, which indicates the long-term growth of such a socio-economic system, its economic and strategic sustainability. Solving the problem of maintaining the sustainability and development of the company requires, first of all, coordination of sustainability monitoring processes. In addition, an important stage is the analysis and prediction of what the new equilibrium will be when the external and internal environment changes.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2843-2856
2843-2856
Buying shares of Russian energy companies as a means of hedging risks amidst geopolitical instability
Resumo
The research examines the scientific problem of investing in the Russian stock market, where shares of energy companies act as a means of hedging risks amidst geopolitical turbulence. The article includes an overview of the main advantages and disadvantages of investing in shares of the Russian energy sector, as well as a study of Russian trading platforms. The article argumentatively proves that Russian brokers incorrectly determine the sectoral affiliation of shares of Russian energy companies, thereby complicating the process of carrying out qualitative analysis when making investment decisions. The article also analyzed the impact of industry factors on the value of shares of PJSC Lukoil and Gazprom. The materials of the scientific research can be useful to specialists in the field of financial markets, economic scientists, graduate students and novice unqualified investors.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2857-2872
2857-2872
Conceptual model of the organizational and economic mechanism for increasing the operational efficiency of heat supply organizations based on modern models of interaction with consumers
Resumo
This article formulates the author's definition of the conceptual model, and also presents a conceptual model of the organizational and economic mechanism for increasing the operational efficiency of heat supply organizations based on modern models of interaction with consumers. Within the framework of the presented concept, the specifics of district heating both through CHPPs and through boiler houses are taken into account, which allows using the provisions of the developed conceptual model in all regions of the Russian Federation when adapting to the new tariff policy in the heat supply industry.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2873-2884
2873-2884
Efficiency improvement issues for electric power distribution companies
Resumo
The article discusses the main problems of the development of electric power distribution companies and substantiates the need to improve the operational management of repair work, taking into account the technical condition of production equipment. Equipment depreciation structure and power losses are negative factors affecting investment projects. The authors propose directions for improving the mechanism of organizing repair work and managing operational costs that affect the effectiveness of investment projects.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2885-2896
2885-2896
Global trends in the mining industry: ERP and BI
Resumo
Transformation of international commodity markets and changes in the structure of national fuel and energy balances can be explained by the investment policy of leading economies in accordance with the postulates of energy security and sustainable development. The article analyzes in detail the ways to increase the financial stability of the mining industry in Russia through the digitalization of management, business and production processes. The authors analyzed the potential of digital tools to reduce transaction costs through the transformation of the business process management structure in the mining segment. The results of the study may be of interest to specialists and researchers on improving production efficiency through financial and digital technology. The mining industry is the basis of the existing technological structure. Thus, its transformation is the key to sustainable regional socio-economic development.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2897-2908
2897-2908
Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence as tools to improve economic security in transport
Resumo
The article presents the main directions of improving the transport and logistics industry with an emphasis on Internet of Things and Artificial Intelligence capabilities in the activities of logistics operators and government agencies as one of the tools to improve economic security. The research purpose was to consider new approaches where intelligent technology determines further changes in transport, legal support for customs and other types of state control, improvement of equipment and development of intelligent checkpoints. Artificial intelligence technology is an important definition, which is a further vector in the development of the transport and logistics market. The main emphasis is placed on the need to combine changes in the transportation process, the creation of infrastructure, new technology, as well as taking into account the specifics of transport and the current development of the logistics industry in Russia.The authors applied a methodological approach based on a systematic and active analysis of indicators characterizing the transport and logistics industry in Russia. The article will be of interest to specialists and analysts in the field of logistics, foreign economic activity, customs, economics, as well as to all those who are interested in these problems.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2909-2926
2909-2926
Development of industrial tourism in the region through volunteerism (on the example of the Nizhny Novgorod region)
Resumo
This article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of industrial tourism and the practical implementation of affordable industrial tourism in the Nizhny Novgorod region for a mass audience: residents and guests. The authors have developed the project "Industrial Nizhny", combining traditional cultural values, powerful historical and modern industrial potential of the region and presented for study on accessible and social conditions to residents and guests of the region. The project "Industrial Nizhny" is implemented by the Promexcursovod volunteer group in the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University named after R.E. Alekseev. It develops not only affordable industrial tourism in the city and region, but also attracts additional tourist flow, creates a brand of the territory, popularizes the image of Nizhny Novgorod goods and increases their competitiveness in the market of the country and the world.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2927-2938
2927-2938
Mechanism of import substitution regulation in the construction industry
Resumo
The article is devoted to the study of the directions of ensuring and increasing competitiveness of construction industry companies through the diversification of their activities, taking into account various features of import substitution of construction materials in the industry market. The article examines the consequences of import substitution at various levels of economic development of the state, which have an impact on the mechanisms of stimulating the production of construction materials. Timely adaptation of the legal framework and technical regulation norms for the production of domestic construction materials, including for the Donetsk People's Republic, will contribute to further promotion of innovative products in the market of construction products. One of the most significant areas of the search for advantages over competitors is the identification of their level of import substitution in the construction industry. This entails the development of mechanisms for regulating the construction materials production to ensure a high level of competitiveness of manufactured products. The research results can be used by the state authorities of the Donetsk People's Republic when developing and adopting a regulatory framework taking into account the strategic development of the construction industry, as well as spatial development.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2939-2950
2939-2950
Achieving investment activity goals of agricultural organizations in the Russian Federation
Resumo
Replacement of worn-out machinery and equipment is the main purpose of investments in fixed assets. The growth rates of the full accounting value of fixed assets of agricultural organizations in the country are not large enough.This led to the deterioration of their technical condition and increased wear and tear. Mainly the increasing commissioning of fixed assets of agricultural organizations, the stable excess of the coefficient of renewal of fixed assets over the coefficient of disposal did not significantly reduce the depreciation of fixed assets of agricultural organizations and, in particular, their active part. These active part includes machinery, equipment, and vehicles that make up more than half of the cost of fixed assets. Moreover, it is in the part of machinery and equipment, as well as vehicles, that the highest proportion of completely worn-out fixed assets is traced. The obvious need to intensify investment processes, together with the insufficiency of its own sources of financing and the riskiness of credit financing, predetermines the expansion of state participation in investment processes.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2951-2962
2951-2962
Trends in the development of the Krasnodar Territory's agricultural sector
Resumo
Agriculture is an important branch of the economy of the Krasnodar Territory, providing a significant share of its GRP. In this regard, monitoring the main trends in the development of the agricultural sector of the Krasnodar Territory is an important task. The authors studied the dynamics and structure of agricultural production volumes of the Krasnodar Territory. The authors also analyzed the financial results of agricultural organizations in the region. The scientific novelty consists in determining the dynamics of the agricultural sector development during the Covid-19 pandemic, namely in 2019-2021. This article will be of interest to researchers, representatives of the professional and business community, for academic staff and students of economic universities and those who are interested in the problems of agricultural development in the Krasnodar Territory.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2963-2974
2963-2974
Foreign experience in detecting and preventing economic crimes in the agro-industrial complex
Resumo
The agro-industrial complex plays an important role in ensuring national security, national sovereignty and economic power. This article is devoted to the problem of detection and prevention of economic crime in the agricultural sector. The improvement of legal norms on criminal liability for economic crimes in agriculture concerns all legal systems. The work of agricultural companies and the degree of their economic security are directly dependent on the degree of functionality of the organizational and economic mechanism for countering economic crime in the considered sector of the economy. The article analyzes the European legislation regulating criminal liability for economic crimes in agriculture. Examples of legislation in such as countries France, Germany, Holland, Spain, etc. are considered. This article will be interesting for agricultural workers, as well as for employees of departmental structures.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2975-2982
2975-2982
Identification and analysis of agglomeration effects in the regional economy (Samara region case)
Resumo
In the context of Russia's gradual exclusion from a number of foreign economic processes, there is a need to search for internal reserves for economic growth. Urban agglomerations that concentrate a significant amount of resources, population, and production capacity become one of such reserves. The growing concentration of subjects of economic activity and the growth of interaction between them create conditions for the appearance of agglomeration effects. This article presents a methodology for identifying and analyzing agglomeration effects in the regional economy. The methodology has been tested on the example of the Samara region. The main stages of its application are shown. The novelty of the study consists in the formation of an algorithm for identifying and analyzing agglomeration effects, which includes the stages of limiting the subject of research through delimitation, selecting the most significant regional agglomeration, characterizing the degree of manifestation of signs and factors of agglomeration effects in the region and its parts, forming a model of interaction of signs and factors of agglomeration effects based on structural equations using the method of partial least squares (PLS-SEM). The application of this methodology makes it possible to understand whether agglomeration effects exist in the region, in which part of the region they are concentrated, how factors of agglomeration effects affect the regional economy. This ultimately allows to propose a sequence of priorities for management decisions.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):2983-3004
2983-3004
Safety of manufacturing industries in the Vladimir region in the economic and innovative aspect
Resumo
The article posed and solved the actual task of a multi-projection comparative analysis of the economic security of manufacturing industries in the Vladimir region for 2020 and 2021 based on statistical information. Three profile projections are considered. They are as follows: performance efficiency, finances, as well as innovation and industrial safety. When conducting intersectoral comparisons, the classical Pareto principle and the authors' toolkit of multi-criteria and multi-projection choice were used. According to the results of calculations, a significant stratification of the region's manufacturing industries was established. The production of rubber and plastic products has the most protected position for two years.However, in terms of performance, it occupies a middle position, moving from the fifth to the sixth place with the deterioration.The more significant food production (the first place) and the production of finished metal products, except for machinery and equipment (the 2nd and 3rd place), are located at the end of the list in the cluster structure. When using longer time series and performing a forecast of adequate quality, the results of multi-projection optimization can be required to develop strategies for the development of manufacturing industries in the region and form a set of measures to support them.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3005-3018
3005-3018
Factors of ecologically oriented regional development (the Tyumen region case): system analysis
Resumo
Overcoming the contradictions between the practice of managing the spatial development and the opportunities and limitations of the natural environment amidst the global ecological crisis is possible based on a systematic approach to the spatial development. In the methodology of system analysis, a significant role is played by the choice of factors that will be evaluated in the analysis process and the relationships between which will be studied. The research goal was to study the links between natural, economic, and social factors of regional development. To achieve the goal, methods of correlation and regression analysis were used. The resulting models make it possible to describe the current situation in the region and to develop management decisions on the greening of the territory.Acknowledgments:The research was funded by RFBR and Tyumen Region, project number 20-410-720012.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3019-3036
3019-3036
Features of the development of the transport infrastructure of the capital region
Resumo
The article is devoted to the study of the capital regions and the peculiarities of the development of their transport infrastructure. The modern interpretations of the concept of "transport infrastructure" in scientific works and the regulatory framework, taking into account the digitalization of the transport industry, are analyzed. The author's formulation of the concept of "regional transport infrastructure" is given. Using the example of the Moscow region, the specifics of the transport infrastructure of the capital region, the development of which is closely interrelated with the high rates of development of the capital, as well as with the international and state significance of its transport system, are studied. The features of interaction of transport complexes of the capital of Russia, Moscow and the Moscow region, forming a single transport hub, are considered. In accordance with the Transport Development Strategy jointly adopted by the two regions, a number of measures have been proposed to improve the transport infrastructure of the Moscow Region, which acts as a capital region.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3037-3050
3037-3050
Models of human capital development in the context of a new political economy
Resumo
In the course of the evolution of economic systems, post-industrial society, in accordance with the forecasts of economists, philosophers and futurologists, was to be replaced by information society, and the creative class was to be its driving force. At the same time, the choice of the correct assumptions, the system of determinants that constitute the real behavior of actors, is crucial for the development of a human behavior model in the information economy. The authors of the article provide a clear justification for the need to form a new model of human behavior that describes the everyday economic behavior of representatives of the creative class in the information economy. The article presents the scheme of the authors' model of the formation of human capital amidst the mobilization economy.The article may be of interest to anyone dealing with the problems of modern political economy, technological and institutional foundations of economic evolution.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3051-3062
3051-3062
Warning signals of the impact of socio-economic parameters on the regional labor market during the ongoing sanctions policy
Resumo
The ongoing sanctions pressure could not but affect potential socio-economic threats and risks, which could subsequently lead to asymmetry in the labor market. In the conditions of the observed well-being, characterized by a low level of registered and general unemployment, socio-economic prerequisites for real threats that can affect the disproportions of the regional labor market have been found. Recognizing the priority and importance of achieving high economic activity of economic entities, its detailed assessment was carried out. Negative trends of changes in the industrial production index have been identified. There is an increase in the number of unprofitable companies in the structure of the region's economy. The increasing scale of companies' losses in most sectors has been statistically confirmed. It is proved that potential prerequisites are being formed not only for an increase in the volume of underemployment, but also for a real imbalance in the ratio of demand and supply in the regional labor market. It is shown that the initial points of bifurcation in the labor market will be associated with unfavorable trends in the current socio-economic situation in the region. The presented trends made it possible to identify signals contributing to the pre-crisis situation in the regional labor market.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3063-3084
3063-3084
Workforce development as a factor of economic sustainability of oil and gas companies
Resumo
In the current geopolitical situation and changes in the natural and geological conditions for oil and gas companies in Russia, one of the factors ensuring their economic stability is the improvement of production resources and, first of all, personnel. In this regard, the issue of creating workforce development systems designed to ensure that the quantitative and qualitative composition of employees meets the goals of the current and strategic development of oil and gas companies is being updated. The competence approach laid down in the basis of the development of workforce development systems provides a number of subsystems. These are the following subsystems: recruitment and staff selection, current staff assessment, staff training and formation of a personnel reserve. These subsystems are sufficiently developed and do not require significant improvements. The personnel adaptation subsystem requires development by creating psychological support services for employees. The improvement of the personnel motivation subsystem involves its integration with ensuring the involvement of employees and the use of a graded remuneration system as a mechanism to stimulate the improvement of employees' competencies.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3085-3100
3085-3100
Internet of Things as a tool to improve the working conditions of catering employees
Resumo
The article deals with the problem of the impact of adverse production factors of a psychophysiological nature on some categories of employees of public catering companies. The working conditions of this category of employees imply activity in conditions of high density of the communicative space with a high intensity of direct interaction with a significant number of customers in the process of servicing them and fulfilling a large volume of orders in a limited time. At the same time, the performance of labor functions in conditions of strict compliance with the norms of professional etiquette and mandatory client orientation increases the labor intensity. This manifests itself in psychoemotional overload, which negatively affects the mental health of employees, increases the number of occupational injuries, and reduces the quality of working life [1].The analysis of working conditions of the specified category of employees in the context of increasing the profitability of production through improving the quality of working life is carried out. The authors of the article focus on the management component of measures aimed at improving working conditions through the introduction of innovative smart order and queue management systems into the production organization. These systems will optimize the labor activity of the company team by automating the processes of receiving and processing orders, distributing tasks and improving communication within the team. In turn, this will significantly reduce the labor intensity.Further analysis of the effectiveness and limitations of smart management systems in public catering will identify promising areas for implementation in the business processes of the catering sector. The results of the study will be useful to employees, businessmen and managers interested in improving the quality of staff's working life, profitability and competitiveness of production.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3101-3116
3101-3116
Application of a program-targeted approach in the organization and management of leisure activities of children and adolescents in the region
Resumo
The program-target management method is an effective tool for strategic planning both in the management of a separate organization and in the public administration of a separate region, municipality, industry and the country as a whole. The article revealed the essence of the program-target approach as a management method, its methods and the relationship of levels and elements of the goal-setting system. The analysis of the existing tools of the program-target approach is carried out on the example of the organization of leisure activities of children and adolescents of the Lipetsk region. The assessment of the implementation of the state program "Development of education of the Lipetsk region" is given both in general and in relation to additional education. Based on the results of the study, measures have been developed to improve the application of a program-oriented approach in the organization and management of leisure activities of children and adolescents in the region.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3117-3136
3117-3136
Integrated approach to career guidance that takes into account trends in the external environment
Resumo
The article is devoted to the study of the viability of traditional and innovative approaches to career guidance, taking into account the current state and trends of the external environment. Career guidance tests have been developed for a very long time and require further testing. Neurotechnologies make it possible to organize a continuous process of verifying the reliability of results when using career guidance tests. A new approach to career guidance programs is proposed. The proposed integrated approach makes it possible to increase the effectiveness of career guidance activities, ensuring the successful integration of young people into the labor market and improving the quality of their professional choice. This article is an important scientific study that will help to understand modern trends for the effective career guidance.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3137-3156
3137-3156
The security mechanism of the integrated CBDC system: prospects for cross-border payments
Resumo
The introduction of financial and digital technologies contributes to the improvement of cross-border payments. One of the ways to improve the quality of the process is the system of integrating digital currencies of central banks (CBDC) in the context of its security mechanism.The article discusses aspects of the interoperability of payment systems in a security mechanism with several CBDCs, as well as their potential advantages, which are especially important for emerging markets. However, the results of the study prove that competing priorities and practical experience make it difficult to achieve these advantages.The authors conclude that central banks should take into account cross-border strategies when developing their CBDCs. Based on the identified potential for improving cross-border payments based on CBDC, the authors propose a security mechanism for the integrated CBDC system and an algorithm of actions for central banks' cooperation in the aspect of various CBDC mechanisms.Acknowledgments:The paper was prepared in accordance with the topic of the state task Reg. No. NIOKTR 121030500096–5; Reg. No. ICRBS "New Challenges and Threats to Socio-Economic Security: Measures of Budgetary and Financial Regulation".
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3157-3178
3157-3178
Current trends in the development of the global alternative investment market
Resumo
The article examines the current situation in the alternative investment market and the prospects for its development in the context of territories and sectors. In this article, a systematic approach to analyze the world market of alternative investment assets was applied. Taking into account expert forecasts, an assessment of its development prospects was carried out. Special attention was also paid to the Russian practice of investing in alternative asset classes, problems and prospects for the development of the market of non-classical assets, taking into account country institutional and legislative features. The results of the study allow to conclude that alternative investments are applicable for investment purposes now and in the long term. The article may be of interest to a wide range of readers, mainly for private investors interested in portfolio diversification based on alternative assets.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3179-3196
3179-3196
The traded sector in Kazakhstan's economy: scale, productivity and territorial distribution
Resumo
The article substantiates the significance and defines the scale and territorial distribution of the traded sector of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors evaluate the productivity of the traded sector of the economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors have developed criteria for identifying traded industries through employment indicators in accordance with the approach proposed by the Harvard Business School. The traded industries with the largest share of employment and a high level of average monthly wages are identified. The regions of Kazakhstan were ranked by the number of traded industries and the share of employment. The regions with the most diversified traded sector are as follows: the city of Almaty, Almaty, Karaganda, East Kazakhstan, Pavlodar and Aktobe regions. It was revealed that a large proportion of the able-bodied population of Kazakhstan is employed in the non-tradable sector of the economy. At the same time, labor productivity was significantly higher in the traded sector. The authors propose measures to expand the traded sector of the country's economy.Funding: The article was prepared as part of a grant from the Committee of Science of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Kazakhstan under the project No. AP09259405 "Interregional economic cooperation in the Republic of Kazakhstan: conceptual foundations, assessment, mechanisms of intensification".
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3197-3210
3197-3210
Impact of the global economic crisis on the activity of industrial companies and countermeasures in Azerbaijan
Resumo
Based on long-term statistical reporting and accounting data, the article analyzes the main indicators characterizing the activity of industrial companies amidst the last two global economic crises. At the same time, special attention was paid to changes in the share of industry in the economy, the impact of COVID-19 on the financial performance of companies in the non-oil sector, as well as the impact of state support on the restoration of damage to business entities and individual entrepreneurs. The expediency of developing and implementing an anti-crisis concept and targeted innovative projects and startups for the production of competitive and import-substituting products is substantiated. The necessity of including micro and small companies operating in the manufacturing industry in the structure of newly created and projected technoparks and industrial clusters has been established. The mechanisms of motivation of rational placement of foreign and joint ventures in the regions of the republic and diversification of the non-oil sector are considered.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3211-3222
3211-3222
Challenges and prospects of EAEU's interaction with the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific PartnershipPartnership
Resumo
Establishing trade and economic relations and strengthening cooperation with partners in the Asia-Pacific region is one of the priorities of the EAEU in accordance with the Strategic Directions for the Development of Eurasian Economic Integration until 2025. Interaction with the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership, implemented in the region in 2018, can act as one of the facets of cooperation. The article is devoted to the definition of the contours of such interaction. The article analyzes the problems and prospects of coupling the EAEU with the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. The author formulates proposals for building the trajectory of cooperation between the EAEU and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership. The need for targeted building of partnerships acts as one of the directions of the designated trajectory. The second direction implies the need for gradual adaptation of the regulatory framework and mechanisms of cooperation of the EAEU to the norms of partnership. The author concludes that at the present stage the prospects for the integration of the EAEU and the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership are rather hypothetical due to the presence of certain subjective and objective limitations. Further research directions are outlined.The presented materials can be useful for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers engaged in the study of world economy and international economic relations, as well as public authorities and supranational regulatory bodies.Acknowledgments:The paper was prepared on the research results carried out at the expense of budgetary fund within the framework of the government research assignment to the Financial University.
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3223-3238
3223-3238
Review of the monograph “Competitiveness of forestry companies” / Sobolev S.V., Evseeva S.A., Medvedev S.O., Gerasimova M.M., M.: PRIMEC Publishers, 2023
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3239-3242
3239-3242
About the book by D.V. Muna, V.V. Popeta “The Future: Risks, Threats, Challenges”, Book 3 from the series “Prevention of man-made disasters” (Moscow | Berlin, 2023)
Journal of Economics, Entrepreneurship and Law. 2023;13(8):3243-3252
3243-3252