Vol 31, No 2 (2025)
Personalia
8-10
My universities
Education based on traditional folk culture
Abstract
The article examines the problems of ethnopedagogy and its development in the context of the activities of a group of scientists from the Russian Academy of Education, the founders of this direction G.N. Volkov, V.M. Korotov, A.L. Bugayeva. They formulated the «golden rule» of ethnopedagogy: «Without historical memory - there are no traditions, without traditions - no education, without education - no spirituality, without spirituality - no personality, without personality - no people as a historical personality.» They created experimental schools, on the basis of which studies were conducted on the traditional culture of education, folk pedagogical culture that determines the fate of any people. The participation of Professor A.L. Bugayeva in the development of the concept of the «Renaissance» program in Samara made it possible to prove the effectiveness of introducing an additional component into the curricula and extracurricular activities, combining generally civilized and ethnocultural traditions, which made it possible to solve difficult problems in the 90s to update the educational system. The author of the article proves that historical events, information about which is preserved in the people’s memory, are an effective means of educational influence
11-15
Discussions
Discussion on the article by V.V. Ivanov, A.Yu. Nesterov, I.P. Yanchenko «Ethical and legal aspects of using generative artificial intelligence technologies in preparing qualification and scientific papers»
Abstract
The presented reviews on the article substantiate the authors’ opinions on the stated problem of using artificial intelligence from both the legal and ethical sides, make proposals on the use of AI in teaching students, on considering the possibilities of AI as an assistant, but not a replacement for the human mind, as one of the ways to develop higher education along the path of digital revolution and digitalization
16-23
History
Images of Ancient Egypt in unpublished memoirs of Russian women (female) travelers at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries
Abstract
The article examines the peculiarities of the historical perception of Ancient Egypt by Russian women travelers. The author analyzes unpublished sources from the funds of the Russian State Historical Archive, Russian State Archive of Literature and Arts, and the Institute of Russian Literature (Pushkinskij dom) of the Russian Academy of Sciences – letters and travel notes of Russian travelers compiled in the late XIX – early XX century. Within the studies of the Russian oriental discourse during this period, the historiosophical question of the place of the Russian Empire and its culture in the Western-Eastern dichotomy has recently been re-raised. The authors compare the perception of Russian travelers with English and French ones. Sharing their impressions of visiting Luxor, Giza and Aswan and getting acquainted with the history of Ancient Egypt, the authors of travel notes come to an unexpected conclusion at first glance that Russian culture, history and traditions date back to Ancient Egypt. In their interpretation, Ancient Egypt appears to be the cradle of Russian civilization. The authors studie the motivation of Russian travelers in their desire to see themselves as descendants of the great pharaohs and why they believe that Russian civilization has its roots in Ancient Egypt. The authors uses modern historical methodology: semiotics, imagology, E. Said’s concepts of «Orientalism», the theory of Yu. Lotman. In conclusion, the author of the work summarizes the results and points out that travel and exploration of Ancient Egypt played an important role in shaping the ideas about the origin and cultural heritage of the Russian people
24-33
History of the Prokhod family: legends and reality (historical and genealogical research, late XVIII – early XX century)
Abstract
The article reflects the results of historical and genealogical study of the Prokhod family – descendants, according to family legends, of the Zaporizhian Cossacks who lived on the territory of Novorossiya in the Taurida Governorate. The chronological framework of the work covers the end of the XVIII – beginning of the XX century. The main methods and approaches relied on by the authors are analytical, microhistorical, biographical, historical and anthropological. The source base was made up of unpublished archival documents (registers of births, census tales) stored in the State Archives of the Zaporizhia Region (SAZO). A significant role was also played by ego-documents, namely autobiographical sources: the memoirs of one of the representatives of the Vasily Fomich Prokhoda family and Antonina Khelemendik-Kokot, a native of the Berdyansk district of the Taurida Governorate. The authors of the article come to the conclusion that the history of the Prokhod clan is a reflection of the history that was created and made around this family, and its representatives became part of this historical process, in which legends and myths were mixed with reality, and the spirit of «rebellious» and freedom-loving ancestors lived in them and periodically directed the representatives of the clan to search for a better lot, no matter how it was expressed – in acquiring more land or a sense of freedom. The information revealed made it possible to illuminate the history of the studied clan quite comprehensively and present it in the broad framework of events that took place in the country in the late XVIII – early XX century. The article is addressed to specialists in the field of genealogy, microhistory, and researchers of the history of Novorossiya
34-41
The idea of freedom of conscience in the views of liberal legalists in the Russian Empire: from theory to practice. Second half of the XIX – early XX century
Abstract
In the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX century, issues of freedom of conscience and religion became a matter of some urgency. Orthodox Christians enjoyed complete freedom, as did some large non-Orthodox denominations with certain restrictions. At the same time, a number of large religious groups and all sects were subjected to various restrictions to a greater or lesser extent. This discrimination, accompanied by an attack on religious rights, especially intensified in the 1880-ies and 1890-ies. This policy was met with protest from the liberal intelligentsia of Russia. Its leaders unanimously insisted on the immediate equalization of the rights of all religious groups. Moreover, they proceeded not only from European ideas about human rights, but also from the principle of reasonableness. They assumed that the equalization of rights and Christian preaching would help stabilize the public sphere and build a more just society. The state ignored these ideas and continued to intensify the attack on the rights of religious groups. This did not suit many, including liberal lawyers. Most of them can be considered conservative liberals – legalists, supporters of monarchical legality while respecting human rights. They considered freedom of conscience to be a basic human right. This determined their high activity in protecting this right. In our study, we study the practices of the legalist movement, consider the tools of influence on the highest power to expand the use of freedom of conscience in the empire. Considering legalism, we chose the chronological approach as the main method, trying to trace the evolution of the behavior of legalists from scientific justification to judicial protection of freedom of conscience. Such a reconstruction in relation to the legalist movement is carried out for the first time and contributes to historical knowledge. A number of conclusions can be formulated. Legalists, having perceived the fullness of the principle of freedom of conscience, tried with all their might, in the legal field, to implement them. They saw the main way of such implementation only in the use of judicial power. With the help of the Senate, they managed, in part, to slow down the mass repressions that the state unleashed against rebellious confessions and sectarians who did not want to accept Orthodoxy
42-51
Role of A.I. Dobrosmyslov in the study and preservation of historical heritage of the Orenburg region
Abstract
The article is devoted to the work of Alexander Ivanovich Dobrosmyslov, an outstanding archivist and local historian of the Orenburg Region in the late XIX and early XX century. The main attention is paid to his contribution to the development of archival science, the systematization of historical documents and the popularization of local lore knowledge. Dobrosmyslov was actively involved in the collection, analysis and publication of archival materials, which contributed to the preservation of historical heritage of the region. His work was distinguished by scientific integrity and thoroughness, and the method of systematizing documents by topic and period became a model for subsequent researchers. Thanks to Dobrosmyslov’s efforts, the archival funds of the Orenburg province have become more accessible to the scientific community, and his publications in scientific journals and collections have drawn attention to the history of the region. He also raised a generation of archivists and local historians who continued his work. Dobrosmyslov’s legacy remains an important source for studying the history of the Orenburg Region, and his approach to the study of historical documents serves as an example for modern scientists. The article highlights the importance of his work for the preservation and popularization of historical heritage of the region
52-56
Education system of Donbass in the late 30-ies and early 40-ies of the XX century
Abstract
This article examines the impact of the Great Patriotic War on the Soviet education system, in particular, on educational institutions in Donbass under the occupation by the Nazi invaders. The study demonstrates how military circumstances created unique challenges for the educational system and its adaptation to new conditions. During wartime, public education authorities faced new challenges. Limited resources and material resources led to a shortage of classrooms, teaching materials and school supplies. During the occupation of Donbass, all educational institutions ceased to operate, and the total number of secondary schools in the USSR decreased by a third. The article examines the specifics of the work of educational institutions in Donbass during the occupation of territories by the Nazi invaders during the Great Patriotic War. During the study, the author analyzed and systematized previously published materials. Based on archival materials, it was possible to trace changes in Hitler’s position on the issue of education for conquered peoples
57-62
Transformation of the agricultural sector and fishing industry in the Magadan region in the late 1950-ies – early 1960-ies
Abstract
The relevance of the study is determined by the need to examine the transformation of the agricultural sector in the Magadan region after the liquidation of Dalstroy, when the region was transitioning to a new management model. The aim of the research is to analyze the reorganization processes of agriculture and fishing industry in the Magadan region in the context of changes in the regional management system during late 1950-ies – early 1960-ies. The study is based on a wide range of sources from regional and central archives, using historical-comparative and statistical methods. The findings reveal that the transition from the Dalstroy model to new forms of production organization led to significant changes: consolidation of collective farms, establishment of state farms, and mechanization of production. In reindeer husbandry, there was an increase in livestock numbers, but problems with personnel and wages persisted. Animal husbandry and poultry farming developed primarily in state farms, facing high production costs. The fishing industry, despite technical modernization, experienced difficulties due to seasonality and weak processing facilities. The study concludes that the reorganization was contradictory in nature: while increasing production efficiency, many transformations did not take into account the specifics of traditional economic practices of indigenous peoples and the natural-climatic features of the region
63-72
Censorship and ideological control over the press in the Kuibyshev region in the 1930-ies
Abstract
The article focuses on analyzing mechanisms of ideological control over print media in the Kuybyshev Region during the 1930-ies, based on archival materials from Fond R-2247 of the Central State Archive of Samara Oblast and a comparative analysis of CPSU(b) party directives and regional practices. The author demonstrates how the censorship system, formally regulated by Politburo decrees, encountered systemic challenges: a shortage of qualified personnel, high workloads on censors, and simplified procedures for approving materials for publication through oral instructions. Particular attention is devoted to the transformation of the training system for journalists and censors: short-term courses at the Obllit (Regional Department of Press Control), designed to strengthen ideological indoctrination, addressed personnel shortages but reduced the professional quality of editorial work. Archival document analysis reveals the role of Obllit officials as key arbiters of ideological control, simultaneously subjected to pressure from party committees and bureaucratic contradictions. The study emphasizes that the Soviet censorship system was not static: despite efforts toward total surveillance, its effectiveness depended on local conditions, personnel policies, and adaptation to socio-economic transformations. These findings refine perceptions of censorship as a mechanism not only of repression but also of dynamic administrative information management, opening avenues for further research into regional aspects of Soviet media policy
73-80
Unemployment as a new phenomenon of the transition economy of Russia in 1990–2000: causes, problems, solutions (on the example of the Southern Urals)
Abstract
The article attempts to consider the problem of unemployment as a new phenomenon of transition economy in Russia in the 1990-ies. The purpose of the study is to determine the causes of unemployment, identify problems and difficulties in combating it, compare methods of struggle at the federal and regional levels, and assess the degree of their success. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: statistical, system-structural, descriptive, comparative-historical. The sources include materials from federal and regional archives, statistical data from the Orenburg, Chelyabinsk regions and the Republic of Bashkortostan. The relevance of the topic is seen in the fact that unemployment as a phenomenon is studied in domestic historiography to a greater extent from the point of view of economic research. In the historical context, the problem was actively considered in the first decade after the end of the reforms. At the same time, the region of the Southern Urals is partially covered in the works of historians, which makes it possible to consider this problem in more detail. Conclusions: conclusions were made about the spontaneity of the measures taken by the heads of enterprises in the region to prevent unemployment, since at the federal level a program for organizing the employment of the population released as a result of the economic transition from a planned to a market economy had not yet been developed. It was determined that the first methods of combating unemployment were a consequence of regional decisions. A package of measures to prevent the spread of unemployment was formed, but without taking into account regional characteristics, which did not allow solving the problem in a timely manner. This complex did not affect the socio-psychological state of the unemployed and did not regulate the system of secondary and higher education, all this led to an increase in youth unemployment and an extension of the duration of the unemployed status. It was concluded that this period should be considered a period of searching for solutions and testing them on the population. The applied set of measures showed its ineffectiveness and required revision
81-90
Pedagogics
Teacher as a profession of vocation: a design for the anthropology of mastery
Abstract
The article is devoted to understanding the anthropological features of the teaching profession. Despite the long history of pedagogical activity, one can state its plasticity, variability in professional content, but not in its essence. The fundamental basis of the teaching profession is its attribution to acts of vocation and recognition. Based on the methodology of social constructivism, statistical data, indicators and indices, the following has been recorded: a variety of images and models of a teacher among age and other cohorts; disproportion between the social image of a teacher in modern Russia and the real practice and models of the profession that carry out the socio-economic production of education and knowledge. The identified discrepancy allows us to speak about the need to create a concept of the teaching profession that would correspond to the rapidly changing world. As a result of the study, the most well-known and popular approaches to the analysis of recognition-vocation (religious-symbolic, rational-ethical) were identified, and it was shown that the development of a «recognition paradigm» in the study of the anthropology of pedagogical activity has great potential. By extrapolating the ideas and hermeneutic analysis of P. Ricoeur, an explication of two figures of recognition in the possible anthropology of the teacher’s skill was made: «Self-recognition of oneself as a teacher. Reflection and responsibility» and «Mutual recognition». In conclusion, it is shown that the models of a teacher as a profession-vocation (mentor, master, virtuoso) existing in the modern world are initially rooted not in the systems of social qualifications, but in the communication and reciprocity that creates the unique face of the teacher and the student
91-98
Model of formation of stress resistance of vocalists-performers in the system of additional professional education
Abstract
The article deals with the issues of theoretical substantiation of the development of the model of formation of stress resistance of vocalists-performers in the system of additional professional education. The relevance of the problem is determined by the necessity of a systematic approach to the formation of stress resistance of vocalists-performers, taking into account their individual physiological, psychological and professional needs. It is shown that special stress factors of vocal-performing activity determine the presence of the most characteristic types of stress of vocalists-performers (psychoemotional, stage, communicative, physiological). Based on these assumptions, the structure of stress resistance of vocalists-performers is formed, consisting of five components: value-motivational, emotional-volitional, cognitive-technological, reflexive, communicative. The developed model as a set of elements (target, content, process, result), identified on the basis of the principles of systemic, personality-oriented, activity, competence approaches, aims to develop indicators in the structure of stress resistance of vocalists-performers on the basis of the selection of pedagogical means in the system of additional professional education
99-105
Peculiarities of teaching Chinese musical art in Russian schools
Abstract
The relevance of the article is conditioned by the tendencies to deepen cooperation between Russia and China in various directions, including such areas as culture and education. The article is devoted to the research of the problem of peculiarities of teaching Chinese musical art in Russian schools. The article applies cultural-historical, theoretical, and interdisciplinary research methods. The main approaches and methods of teaching Chinese music are considered, and the key aspects of cultural interaction between Russia and China through the prism of music education are revealed. The author pays special attention to the specifics of perception and interpretation of traditional Chinese musical culture in the conditions of the Russian educational space. The article explores the possibilities of integrating elements of Chinese musical art into the school curriculum, contributing to the development of intercultural competence of students. The author considers the current programs in the subject ‘Music’ from the point of view of the components present in them, revealing the features of the musical art of non-CIS countries. As a result of the study it is established that in the context of globalization and the desire to expand international cooperation, the study of Chinese cultural heritage, in particular, its musical art, becomes an important element in the formation of a comprehensively developed personality. The integration of elements of Chinese musical culture into the educational process contributes not only to the expansion of students’ horizons, but also to the development of their ability to intercultural dialogue. Consideration of methodological aspects of teaching Chinese music in Russian schools requires taking into account the specifics of Russian students’ perception of traditional Chinese musical culture. The prospects of the research are connected with the development of practical recommendations for teachers seeking to integrate elements of Chinese musical culture into their work
106-111
Pedagogical design in designing the educational trajectory of students
Abstract
The article considers the role of pedagogical design in designing the educational trajectory of students. The necessity of using this technology in organizing career guidance work in a general educational institution in order to build a conscious individual educational trajectory for students is substantiated. The conditions influencing the choice of a further trajectory by students of general educational institutions are identified. The concept of «pedagogical design» is considered from the point of view of different scientific approaches, the differences in the application of this technology in the domestic and foreign education systems are determined. Based on the analysis, the trajectory of obtaining education by students in the domestic education system is visualized. The need for effective support of independent learning activities of students by teachers as one of the key factors in increasing the effectiveness of the educational process is determined. As a result of the theoretical study, a mechanism for career guidance work in a general educational institution using a specific model of pedagogical design ADDIE is proposed. The features of work at each of the five stages of applying this model are described: the stage of analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation. The model has a cyclical nature, which allows it to be used in the course of pedagogical activity an unlimited number of times, taking into account the modifications of the «weak» elements of the constructed model or system. The practice-oriented result of the work was the visualization of an individual educational trajectory, which will help teaching staff in organizing work in the career guidance area of activity
112-118
Experience of developing a productive personal and professional position of students-graduates in the training program «Pedagogical education»
Abstract
The relevance of the research of the productive personal and professional position of a teacher is due to the fact that successful professional activity of a teacher directly affects the quality of education and upbringing of students. In the context of modern challenges, it becomes necessary to identify the characteristics and qualities that contribute to the formation of a productive personal and professional position. In substantiating its characteristics, the authors relied on theoretical and methodological approaches: event, subject-activity and system approaches, used methods of analyzing scientific and methodological literature, questionnaires, in-depth interviews, statistical processing and analysis of the obtained data. The research was carried out at the Department of Secondary General Education and Social Design of Pskov State University and at the Department of General Pedagogy of Banzarov Buryat State University. In the course of the theoretical and methodological analysis, the authors proposed a definition of the key concept of «productive personal and professional position of a student-graduate of the pedagogical direction». The pedagogical conditions that contribute to increasing the productivity of the personal and professional position of students were substantiated, among which special attention is paid to pedagogical reflection. The practice-oriented course «Me in the Teaching Profession» developed by the researchers was tested on a group of 94 students studying in pedagogical areas of training in the 4th and 5th years of study. In parallel, the students were included in artificially simulated situations of professional choice and responsibility and direct professional pedagogical activity in the process of continuous practice in educational institutions. At the control stage of the experimental study, changes in the levels of development of personal and professional position of novice teachers in terms of its productivity were recorded. A set of pedagogical conditions was identified that contribute to an increase in the productivity of personal and professional position of graduating students, future teachers, which is reflected in their professional activities in educational institutions
119-125
Linguistics
Actualization of color lexicon functions in economic discourse
Abstract
The article adopts an approach that recognizes the adaptation of language use to changing communicative conditions and requires linguistic analysis with the obligatory consideration of the purpose of linguistic means in a certain type of discourse. The focus of this study is on the functionality of color terms in English-language economic discourse, which meets the demand to study the correlation between different discourses and specificity of color lexicon. Modern economic discourse is characterized by the wide use, expansion of color palette, complexity and creativity of the semantics of color terms. The aim of the study is to identify, describe and analyze the peculiarities of the functions of color lexicon in economic discourse and thus verify the hypothesis about the influence of pragmatic and functional parameters of discourse on the functioning of color terms as a lexical group. The material of the study comprises examples of color lexicon use selected from modern English-language media texts and materials of Internet resources with economic content. Color terms are analyzed using semantic, cognitive, contextual, discourse analysis as well as linguocultural and comparative methods. As a result, ten functions of color terms are singled out: nominative, heuristic, terminological, classifying, integrating, evaluative or axiological, symbolic, persuasive, text-forming, as well as the function of visualization of economic information, the latter as well as the heuristic functionща color terms being singled out and described for the first time. Comparative analysis shows that the purpose of color lexicon in economic discourse basically coincides with its functionality inherent in it as a part of the lexical system of language, but specificity of implementation, variability and multifunctionality reflect adaptation to the communicative features of economic discourse, emphasizing its typological characteristics
126-134
On the issue of modelling military-diplomatic discourse
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of a new linguistic phenomenon – military-diplomatic discourse. It notes the increasing role of public diplomacy as an instrument of state foreign policy in all spheres, including the military, and, as a consequence, the emergence of a new type of discourse that exists in the communicative space of the institution of public military diplomacy. The concept of hybrid discourse is considered as a fundamentally new type of discourse that arises as a result of a combination of discourse bases that are different from each other, the concept of military-diplomatic discourse as a result of hybridization of military and diplomatic discourses is introduced and determined for the first time, its analysis is carried out in accordance with the criteria of institutional discourse proposed by V. I. Karasik. The practical material used in the study is the texts of official speeches by representatives of the Ministry of Defense of the People’s Republic of China: Senior Colonel Wu Qian (吴谦) and Senior Colonel Zhang Xiaogang (张晓刚). The research methods include discourse analysis, contextual analysis, intentional analysis, stylistic analysis and semantic analysis. The scientific novelty of this study is due to the lack of a definition of the concept of “military-diplomatic discourse” in domestic linguistics and the lack of study of this linguistic phenomenon. As a result of the study, characteristic features of military-diplomatic discourse are identified, one part of which is preserved from the discourse bases, and the second is unusual for military and (or) diplomatic discourse. The institutional nature of military-diplomatic discourse is confirmed, due to the existence of the institution of public military diplomacy and compliance with all the criteria of institutional discourse. The conclusion is formulated about the need for further research into the concept of military-diplomatic discourse from the point of view of modern linguistic science
135-144
Military discourse in the German-language chronicles of the XV and XVI centuries (based on the «Bernese Chronicles» by D. Schilling and V. Anshelm)
Abstract
Chronicles were a popular genre of urban literature of the late Middle Ages in the German-speaking area. Being a syncretic genre, they combined the canons of chancellery writing and stylistic patterns of traditional «world» chronicles and influenced the language of not only historiographical, but also a vast layer of informative texts. Some of the (urban) chronicles represent significant linguistic and historical-cultural monuments of the respective period. Such are, in particular, the Bernese Chronicle by D. Schilling (XV century) and the work of the same name by V. Anshelm (XVI century), dedicated to the Burgundian Wars (1474–1477). We consider Schilling’s chronicle to be a representative of a mainly militaristic type of discourse, Anshelm’s chronicle to be a polydiscursive type combining informational, political and, to a lesser extent, militaristic discourses. The purpose of the article is to analyze in comparison the military vocabulary used as the most important marker of military discourse, as well as the linguistic representation and interpretation of the war protagonists in both chronicles. In the article, methods of descriptive, contextual, and cognitive-semantic analysis are used for this purpose. This study is relevant both for historical genre studies and for clarifying the parameters of military discourse in diachrony. Although military vocabulary plays a significant role in Schilling’s chronicle due to the plentitude of battle scenes, however, it has not any evaluative character, but objective in nature and is not associated with any side of the conflict. Charles the Bold is portrayed by chroniclers as an arrogant and tyrannical ruler, but Schilling describes him in darker tones than Anshelm. Anshelm’s main puppeteer is Louis XI, who skillfully manipulated the Swiss. Both chroniclers gloss over Bern’s expansionist aspirations. The difference in the interpretation of events and their participants is due to both the biography of the authors and their individual intention – legitimization by Schilling and information by Anshelm
145-156
Substances of religious semantics in -ets in Russian of the XVIII – first quarter of the XIX centuries (on the material of the civil seal dictionaries)
Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the problem of reflecting personal and non-personal names of religious semantics in the Russian language picture of the world of the XVIII – first quarter of the XIX centuries on the example of one of the productive nominal word-forming types – substances in -ets, marked as title lexemes in the works of Russian lexicography. During the study, methods of linguotextological, component, historical-etymological, morphemic and word-forming analysis, as well as a statistical method were used. In the work, nouns of religious semantics on -ets are analyzed in word-forming and semantic aspects. In addition, based on the analysis of dictionary data among the derivatives under consideration, word groups were identified in terms of the frequency of their use in the Russian language of the XVIII – early XIX centuries, as well as neoplasms. This formant, as the study showed, could participate in the formation of both personal and non-personal specific substances of religious semantics that have a complex thematic organization. This formant could participate in the formation of both personal and non-personal specific substances of religious semantics that have a complex thematic organization. At the same time, most of these derivatives in the civil dialect of the XVIII – first quarter of the XIX centuries belonged to monosemantic two-root lexemes formed from verb-nominal stems, and belonged, as in modern Russian, to agent vocabulary denoting males. It has been established that the nouns of religious semantics on -ets together form one of the significant layers of vocabulary of the Orthodox doctrine in the Russian language picture of the world of the XVIII – first quarter of the XIX centuries
157-166
Functional and semantic potential of lexemes characterizing eye movements of Sophie Neveu in the novel ‘The Da Vinci Code’ by Dan Brown
Abstract
The idea of anthropocentricity of language presupposes a systematic study of the image of a person. Literary anthropology studies the character recreated by the author in literature, and the human image perceivable by the reader. The aim of the article is therefore to analyze the lexemes characterizing Sophie Neveu’s eye movements in Dan Brown’s mystical novel The Da Vinci Code, and to determine the specifics of these linguistic units used by the writer to create a literary portrait of the heroine. The study is of particular relevance considering the need to study the ways of portraying a character in a work of fiction due to the fact that portraying is a universal form of textual representation of a person. In this regard, considering the image of Sophie Neveu in the context of her eyes movements is of particular importance for the analysis of the whole system of female characters in Dan Brown’s novels and for the description of the heroine as a whole. As the metaphor goes, the eyes are the windows of the soul, that is, through the eyes the image as well as its distinctive characteristics as a personality are revealed. Among the main methods used by the authors, quantitative analysis, definition analysis and component analysis should be mentioned. The article deals with the functional features of verbs with the hyperseme look, the hyposemes of which determine their distinctive characteristics and the specifics of their functioning. Based on the definition and component analysis, authors present the lexicographic potential of lexemes under study. Of great importance is the quantitative analysis of linguistic units reflecting character’s eye movements, on the basis of which the authors come to the conclusion about the versatility and complexity of the heroine’s image, whose eyes are one of the most expressive elements of her literary portrait
167-174
Eponyms in patients’ medical case reports
Abstract
This article is devoted to the study of eponyms in modern medical documentation. Records in patients’ medical case reports take a special place in the structure of medical writing, being a highly effective means of transferring scientific knowledge all over the world. The aim of the work is to study the prevalence of the use of eponymic terms in patients’ medical case reports, their structural and etymological analysis. The material of the study was extracts from patients’ case reports in the period from 2014 to 2024, which are in the public domain. The documents under study were reviewed using quantitative research methods, structural, etymological analysis. The study of patients’ medical case reports allowed us to identify nine semantic groups of eponyms and determine that the largest number of eponymic terms is represented in such sections of medicine as therapy, neurology, traumatology, orthopaedics and surgery, as they reflect a large number of diseases and their symptoms. This study demonstrated the significant word-forming potential of Greek in the formation of eponyms and identified the need for a mastery of Greek-Latin terminology which will enhance understanding and make professional communication in the medical field more effective
175-179
System of phraseological means of implementing the symbolic meanings of the somatonym «hand» in the Russian language
Abstract
The study is devoted to the analysis of the mechanisms of realization of the symbolic meanings of the lexeme hand in Russian phraseological units. The aim of the study is to identify the set of data of phraseological means and their systematization; determination of the meanings, images and models that form their basis, description of their systemic organization. The material for the study was 164 phraseological units with the lexeme hand, as well as with such names of parts of the hand as shoulder, elbow, fist, finger, little finger, nail, obtained as a result of a continuous sample from modern phraseological dictionaries of the Russian language. In the course of the study, elements of component, cognitive and quantitative methods, as well as semantic and semiotic analysis were used. The considered phraseological units were classified on the basis of the symbolic meanings of the component hand realized in them into seven main semantic groups: activity, work; power, control; physical impact, aggression; agreement, trust, friendliness; help, support, emotional state; measurement of a parameter, quality. As a result of the analysis, it turned out that the studied layer of Russian phraseology has a complex systemic organization: within each group of the considered linguistic means, a ramified system of semantic oppositions was discovered and described, as well as additional components of meanings. The main mechanism for implementing the symbolic meanings of the hand in the studied phraseological units is metonymy, or more precisely, synecdoche – likening a part (hand) to the whole (person), as well as metaphor, personification, comparison of the somatic (corporeal) and other cultural codes: anthropic, spatial
180-190
To the question of interaction of related scientific disciplines in the formation of multidisciplinary terminology system CLIMATE CHANGE
Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis of terminology of the subject area Climate Change, in order to determine its belonging to the interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary type. The article examines the nature of interaction of the terminology of Climate Change with the terminological systems of disciplines included in the analyzed subject area. Particular attention is paid to the processes of conceptualization and resemantization of terms, their transformation during integration into a new area of knowledge - cumulative and integrative changes reflected in the terminological system. It was revealed that at the level of general terms, the terminology of Climate Change demonstrates interdisciplinarity, while at the level of specific terms, the multidisciplinary nature prevails, due to the anthropocentric and anthropogenic specificity of the conceptual sphere of Climate Change. The work focuses on the key conceptual features of the terminology of Climate Change, such as popularization, risks, threats, as well as its impact on the social and humanitarian areas of knowledge, which allows us to classify this area as an actively developing multidisciplinary system
191-198
Toponymic palimpsest as a representative of Samara identity. The first article
Abstract
The article examines the semiotic space of Samara and the composition of the toponymic palimpsest of the Samara text, evolving in accordance with the value orientations characteristic of certain periods in the history of the city. Founded in 1586 as a fortress city, in the middle of the XIX century Samara turned into a fairly large provincial city, known as the «grain capital of Russia»; during the Soviet period, the city of Kuibyshev became a major industrial center, during the Great Patriotic War – the «reserve capital», and in the post–war years – one of the leading centers of the aviation and rocket industry and, finally, in the post–Soviet period, receives an additional nomination – «resort city». Based on the conducted research of an array of currently existing inner-city topographic objects, whose proper names reflect the conceptual meanings of various periods, urbanonyms are identified that represent verbal elements of the symbolic capital of Samara, providing a picture of its territorial identity that develops over time. Our research has shown that the toponymic landscape of the city, which has changed its conceptual characteristics several times, reflects the semiotic codes of territorial identity relevant to each of the listed periods, which makes it problematic to form a territorial brand of Samara based on an unambiguous characteristic
199-209
Means of creating polysemy in the works of Peter Stamm
Abstract
The article presents the results of a study of linguistic features to create the effect of semantic ambiguity and meaningful multidimensionality in the text of the novel «Die sanfte Gleichgültigkeit der Welt» by the modern Swiss writer Peter Stamm. It is noted that narration becomes a way of creating a new reality, which makes it difficult to verify knowledge and understanding of the uniqueness of reality. Strain focuses on the multidimensionality and elusiveness of reality, explores complex interpersonal relationships through the prism of identity and existence, reflected in the linguistic picture of the world, reflecting the problems of self-awareness and recreated in the text of the novel. The motif of character duality is explored at the level of linguistic constructions. Linguistic mechanisms in the construction of images of doppelgangers emphasize the multilayeredness of their worlds and personal relationships in different phenomena of reality. This structure allows the Strain to explore the themes of reality and the illusion of the inner Self, as well as the boundaries between the personal and the social. The article analyzes the linguistic features of the novel's text at the level of lexical originality, two-digit naming, onomastics, and the selection of a lexical range with the dense use of lexemes associated with creative, cultural, and spiritual human activities. Metaphoricity, symbolism, parallelism, and various language games that emphasize the duality or ambiguity of words come into view. From the point of view of linguistic originality, the factors influencing the modality and formation of points of view, internal dialogue, narrative techniques expressed through the use of certain grammatical forms are analyzed. The article reveals how linguistic constructions in Strain's texts contribute to creating the effect of elusive reality, questioning the clarity of the boundaries between the real and the imaginary, and how linguistic features of construction highlight the importance of the imaginary in human life
210-219
Comparative analysis of medical paroemias in Russian, English and Hindi
Abstract
The article presents the experience of research work with Indian students of the bilingual faculty on the study and comparative analysis of national paroemias. In connection with the professional orientation of future doctors, the main focus is on the disclosure of the topic «Health and Medicine» in Russian, English and Hindi. The classification and comparative analysis of medical paroemias are carried out, the need to compare historical and modern context in understanding this topic is emphasized, as well as the unity of understanding of the topic by many peoples of the world
220-227
Internet linguistics as an independent field of the study of language: review of main directions and concepts
Abstract
Over the recent decades the study of Internet language has been of considerable interest to linguists, which is explained by the growing popularity of social networks and the emergence of new forms of communication with the use of information technology. With this considerable interest the need to analyze existing literature in order to identify the directions and difficulties that researchers face is particularly relevant. This work presents an analysis of the main research areas in the field of Internet linguistics present both in Russia and other countries. In order to do this the goals of this paper include studying the history of Internet linguistics and identifying the main terms of this field. The subject of the study is defined as Internet linguistics. The study examined works in Russian and English aimed at studying Internet communication and Internet language. The results of the study showed that in a relatively short period of time, Internet linguistics as an independent field has acquired a significant number of works, including both theoretical issues of defining the concepts of Internet communication and Internet language, as well as highlighting their characteristic features, and a more substantive analysis of individual aspects of Internet language or the use of Internet technologies to study language in general as well as practical application of linguistic knowledge in the Internet. Despite the large number of works within this field, the terms in Internet linguistics still lack definition which has been accepted by the majority of researchers and is extremely variable, which emphasizes the need for further in-depth study and development of the theoretical basis of this direction
228-236