No 5 (2024)
GENERAL PEDAGOGY, HISTORY OF PEDAGOGY AND EDUCATION
Motives of Chinese students and postgraduates for choosing the country of study
Abstract
Currently, in world practice, in connection with the creation of a unified educational space, one of the urgent issues is the internationalization of education and training of specialists that meet the requirements of time. The number of foreigners studying in Russia is constantly increasing, which significantly expands the scope of higher education. Russia is the country interested in cooperation with Chinese national initiative «One belt, One Road». This program focuses on the political, economic and exchange fields of promising students to build human potential. In the 2000s, China`s policy took a firm course towards the humanitarian paradigm. The values of education began to be considered as a resource of development of the country and nation. Only an educated person can become successful and useful for his country. Despite the global pandemic, the number of Chinese students and graduate students studying in Russia is increasing significantly today. As a strategic partners in cooperation Russia and China are constantly increasing Sino-Russian exchanges of students and postgraduates as a joint training of specialists in the field of education. Co-education allows young people to absorb the cultural essence and language of the two countries, expands the horizons of students and contributes to their general cultural and professional development. It emphasizes the need for knowledge of foreign languages for a modern person as a guarantee of his competitiveness in employment. The attractiveness of Russia for training Chinese youth indicates the strengthening of educational cooperation between the two countries. The model of co-education and student exchange corresponds to the complex multi-level training of specialists as a model of multi-channel cultural and educational Chinese-Russian cooperation.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):7-14
7-14
Development of an interactive cognitive training platform for the development of emotional intelligence among pedagogical university students: problem statement
Abstract
The paper highlights the problem of shortage of young teachers in the system of secondary general and additional education, analyzes current requirements imposed by employers on young teachers’ soft-skills, and identifies deficiencies in emotional and communicative competence among university students. The paper also suggests that these factors might contribute to a drain of young professionals from schools. The author highlights problems young teachers face at schools, such as building relationships with other subjects of educational process, the inability to quickly navigate in a rapidly changing world, a high level of anxiety, and difficulties in controlling their own emotions. The relationship between these challenges and the level of teacher’s emotional intelligence is substantiated. The paper reviews modern studies of emotional intelligence among future teachers. Furthermore, the author presents own research design used in the study of emotional intelligence among the students of the Institute of Foreign Languages and International Cooperation at Tomsk State Pedagogical University. The results show insufficient level of emotional intelligence among future teachers. The paper hypotheses that development of emotional intelligence among today’s students of pedagogical universities might reduce their outflow from schools in future. Possible ways and challenges of emotional intelligence development among pedagogical students are examined. The author substantiates the feasibility of implementing a program for development of emotional intelligence among future teachers in the form of an interactive cognitive training platform. The paper describes the author’s model of an interactive cognitive training platform for the development of emotional intelligence among the students majoring in pedagogy (03.44.05 – Pedagogical education, with two profiles of training) and pursuing a bachelor’s degree. As well, it provides a conceptual basis of interactive cognitive training platform for the development of emotional intelligence among pedagogical university students along with the list of topics and competencies planned to be developed using the platform. The paper indicates the possibility of using the platform both in the professional training of future teachers on the basis of secondary specialized educational institutions, and advanced training courses for practicising teachers.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):15-23
15-23
Value orientations of modern youth and the formation of functional literacy of a student: from the experience of teaching the discipline «Fundamentals of Russian Statehood»
Abstract
The article is about the experience of forming functional literacy of students during the course ‘Fundamentals of Russian statehood’. The relevance of the problem is associated with dynamic changes in the economy, social and cultural life, which requires from the future specialist a broad outlook, knowledge and skills to adapt in the changing world. The material for analysis is the experience of teaching the course ‘Fundamentals of Russian statehood’ in two higher educational institutions in September - December 2023. It shows the reliance on the value attitudes of young people, in particular, the love for ‘small motherland (region), the values of creative and professional self-realisation, allowed to stimulate the development of reading, communicative and information literacy: the ability to work with texts on different topics, to critically select information, to present it correctly to the audience. The article concludes that the reliance on the basic value attitudes of young people is a quite effective approach to stimulate interest in the learning process, which is the key to the formation of elements of functional literacy of students. These methodological techniques of humanities disciplines in higher education can be the subject of further discussions.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):24-32
24-32
Analysis of the updated content of the educational subject «Labor (technology)» and identification of professional teacher deficits
Abstract
The issues of qualitative changes in the content of the educational subject «Labor (technology)» are considered in the context of the requirements of the updated FGOS basic general education for the results of mastering the basic educational program at the level of basic general education. The factors that influenced the change in the content of the subject area «Technology» and the educational subject «Labor (technology)» are considered. The format of the modular structure of the educational subject «Labor (technology)» proposed by the Federal Work Program and the educational trajectories of its implementation are being investigated. Based on the data obtained, the pedagogical conditions for students to achieve meta-subject and subject learning outcomes in the academic subject «Labor (technology)» (contextuality of learning; organization of active design and research activities of students; creation of conditions that initiate independent cognitive activity of schoolchildren) are revealed; features of teacher training for the implementation of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of basic general education and FRP on the academic subject «Labor (technology)» (the ability to define and formulate cognitive universal educational actions in the context of the subject content; the ability to concretize the subject results for each module and level from 5th to 9th grade). Based on the analysis of the updated content of the subject area «Technology», the actual professional deficits of the teacher for the implementation of the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard of basic general education and FRP for the academic subject «Labor (technology)»: the ability to develop and implement the content of variable modules that form an integrated picture of scientific and technological knowledge among schoolchildren; «universal» teacher competencies that form students functional and technological literacy, design and creative thinking skills, the ability to focus students’ attention on learning the latest technologies and professions; the teacher has interdisciplinary knowledge, skills to work with modern technological equipment, the formation of ICT and IT competencies; the ability to use digital didactics, immersive learning tools in the process of technological training and adaptation of these digital tools to the conditions of specialized subject technological training.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):33-43
33-43
METHODOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY OF PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION
Pedagogical initiative: the concept, key components and classifications
Abstract
The work is devoted to the phenomenon of initiative in the professional development of a student – a future teacher, to the study of the theory and practice of applying teacher training models based on the manifestation of professional initiatives. Different concepts and directions of “initiative” of students – future teachers at different levels of their education are considered. The object of study is the meaning formation of initiative in the structure of pedagogical knowledge, the features of its development in various conditions. To determine the dominant elements, classification, and identify sustainable models for the development of initiative, a structural analysis of various concepts was carried out, and current models for the formation of pedagogical initiative were identified. The sets of principles contributing to the development of initiative in education are identified. General theoretical principles include the principle of pragmatism; the principle of consciousness. Particular principles of working with students’ initiative are as follows: ensuring independent work of teachers in transferring previously acquired knowledge and skills to a new situation, using interactivity in the educational process, focusing on students’ search for subjectively new information during independent integration of the basis of a standard action into a solution, creating conditions for work with information and information technologies. The principles of personality development are considered as the main triggers that ensure the launch of an initiative. The initiative of a modern teacher is included in the system of his basic competencies as an immanent professional quality, at the same time it is determined by his individual characteristics, in particular, the possession of intuition, the ability to improvise.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):44-53
44-53
Reflection of traditional Russian costume in modern design education
Abstract
On the basis of works of domestic scientists (art historians, teachers, IT-specialists) the main tasks of modern design education, aimed at training a competent, creative graduate able to apply ethnocultural material in the professional sphere, including by means of digital technologies, are considered. The study is based on the mechanisms of introducing the material of traditional Russian costume into the content component of training future designers. An important confirmation of the significance of including the material of traditional Russian costume in design education is the quality and novelty of project developments and the effectiveness of students’ projects participation in competition and exhibition activities. In the course of the study was proved the high efficiency of using the material of traditional Russian costume in modern design education in the formation of professional competencies aimed at improving the future specialist, and universal, contributing to the education of the individual in the traditions of their culture. The high level of students’ mastering the material of traditional Russian costume was indicated by the growth of the number of completed projects of ethno-style clothing collections, which is a successful use of the material of traditional Russian costume in modern design education.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):54-63
54-63
The structure and content of legal literacy of students
Abstract
The article deals the theoretical foundations of the concepts of “legal literacy” and “legal literacy of the student.” The results of the analysis of the structure and content of the studied concept are presented the following definitions: regulatory grounds, categorical and conceptual apparatus associated with this definition. And so, as it is based on the theoretical analysis and empirical data, an updated wording of this definition is proposed. The particular attention is paid to the relationship between legal literacy and the leading trends in modern education, and so we can see the consequence of it - it is the education of citizenship and the comprehensive development of the individual. Based on the analysis of the function of legal literacy, the structure of “legal literacy of students” is proposed. The content of each component of the structure (cognitive, motivation-target, activity and behavioral) in their relationship and interdependence is presented in detail. So as a result, we have the conclusion that “legal literacy” contributes to the formation of legal awareness of the individual, which is the foundation of the legal culture of the individual and society as a whole. The modern education is aimed at the forming of a versatile, competitive, patriotic personality. That is why legal literacy should be present at all levels of education.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):64-72
64-72
Conceptual design and practical study of a blended learning model based on the Team-based learning method
Abstract
The application of digital technologies in education leads to the use of innovations in teaching and learning models. Each teaching method has its own features and advantages and plays a unique role in the teaching process, it should be noted that the Team-based learning (hereinafter TBL) teaching method. The application of blended learning model, which is based on TBL methodology, in higher teacher education is considered. The characteristics of the TBL learning method are presented, and the competences that teachers need to possess to ensure effective application of the blended learning model based on the TBL method in pedagogical courses are defined. An attempt is made to apply it to the basic course of teacher education (“Specifics and norms of teacher’s professional ethics”) in accordance with the requirements of innovations in the educational process. Exploring the concept and existing practice of the model, a model of blended learning adapted to the educational discipline and specific ways of its implementation were proposed. The research resulted in recommendations and ideas for the application of TBL-based blended learning models in the field of pedagogical science. The blended learning design framework and implementation process developed in our study can guide all teachers when conducting or optimizing blended learning.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):73-83
73-83
THEORY AND METHODS OF TEACHING AND EDUCATION
Organization of work with contaminated text in primary school
Abstract
The article deals with the problem of formation of the ability of younger schoolchildren to recognize and create texts of various structural and semantic types. The authors present the organization of work with contaminated literary text in elementary school. The approaches to the definition of this linguistic phenomenon are analyzed, and the ambiguity in the understanding of this linguistic definition in science is revealed. The article presents a methodology for working with contaminated texts, describes the types of work with artistic text in school practice. Using the example of a student survey, the difficulties encountered when working with contaminated texts in elementary school are characterized. The necessity of early work with such texts is justified. Using a specific example, the features of the analysis of observation of the linguistic properties of a contaminated text are described, which allow students to draw a conclusion about the signs and properties of contaminated texts. Questions have been developed that the teacher can use in his methodological activities in the lesson. The causes of learning difficulties when working with contaminated texts are revealed. The authors propose methodological techniques for working with such texts that can be used in school practice in elementary grades.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):84-91
84-91
Language teaching for the specialty “Jurisprudence” in the aspect of Russian as a foreign language: on the issue of generalizing experience in modern linguodidactics
Abstract
A summary of the existing experience in teaching Russian as a foreign language for foreign students studying in the “Jurisprudence” profile is presented. It is emphasized that the study of the communicative behavior of a linguistic personality in the professional field, especially in the legal field, requires taking into account linguistic and cultural factors in their totality. Legal terminology reflects national legal traditions, the historical development of society, its legal principles and ideology. The complexity of professional interaction in the legal field is due to differences in the logic of codified law and ordinary moral and legal beliefs that each person possesses. In addition, each national legal system has its own unique logic, despite the presence of certain universal features. The training of specialists in the subject area of “Jurisprudence” within the framework of multicultural education is characterized by the need to overcome a number of difficulties. Among the problems is the need to develop adequate forms, methods and means of teaching that allow effective interpretation of legal texts that are complex in their syntactic organization and content. Special attention should be paid to working with Russian legal terminology. The main methods and approaches to teaching Russian as a foreign language are covered in the aspect of considering it as a language of specialty, as well as the application of these methods in the context of teaching legal terminology and specific language structures to foreign students - future lawyers. The issue of developing communication skills necessary for successful communication in the legal field is explored.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):92-100
92-100
PSYCHOLOGY
Analysis of metamodels for verbal representation of clothing by women
Abstract
This article presents the results of a study aimed at identifying and analyzing significant categories of verbal representation of clothing provided by female respondents. The relevance of the study lies in exploring human identity through the adornment of appearance in accordance with their ideals of the ideal self. Contemporary research on the relationship between clothing and identity has focused more on social and cultural stereotypes than on the psychological aspects of clothing choice. The material of the article addresses this gap in psychology research. The study was conducted using the method of psychological questionnaires, with 36 women aged 24–55 years. The author examines elements of verbal representation of clothing as reflections of the process of self-identification in women. The analysis conducted contributes to a deeper understanding of the relationship between speech, clothing, and identity. For practicing psychologists, the ability to analyze and interpret visual aspects of client appearance is an important skill that aids in the effective diagnosis of personal psychological issues. The main focus of the article is the analysis of speech metamodels used in describing clothing. The study reveals that, in addition to direct verbal messages, respondents unconsciously express their emotions and attitudes through speech constructs. The authors draw on symbolic interactionism, psychoanalytic, and neurolinguistic approaches for analysis. Three categories of clothing meanings were identified: utilitarian, social, and personal. Additionally, three metamodels were described and analyzed: denial, use of expressive language, and metaphorical expressions. Client case examples are provided for illustration. Clothing possesses universal communicative meanings. When analyzing descriptions of appearance, attention should be paid not only to the content of speech but also to its structure, as it carries additional semantic nuances and provides psychologists with the opportunity to analyze unconscious motives of individuals, thereby enhancing therapeutic dialogue possibilities. The research findings are useful for psychologists, non-medical psychotherapists, and art therapists, who can use projective clothing descriptions for diagnosing and identifying client behavioral patterns for subsequent correction. Additionally, the results may be important for researchers in the fields of clothing and identity, as well as for image consultants, designers, and stylists.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):101-113
101-113
Problems of reading and comprehension: from digitized text to hypertext
Abstract
In the article, the problem of heterogeneity of digital reading is raised. By analogy with Milgram and Kishino’s reality-virtuality continuum, it is proposed to consider screen reading not as a single monolithic system, but as a continuum that includes many modifications. The theoretical part of the article presents a typology of types of electronic text and modifications of reading. Both simple modifications (e.g., reading digitized text) and complex ones, including reading hypertext, are analyzed. It is shown that not only reading interactive online text, but also mono-code verbal text in PDF format differs significantly from paper reading in a number of parameters. Text comprehension is considered as a key issue in the problems of digital reading. In the practical part, using a sample of students in grades 5–9, the results of an empirical study of gender and age differences in the level of understanding of monocode digitized text are presented. It was revealed that when working with paper text, girls outperform boys in reading comprehension (p ≤ 0.05), demonstrating a more attentive attitude to factual information and better coping with tasks on conceptual information. Regarding screen reading, no significant gender differences were found (p > 0.05).
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):114-123
114-123
Photoprojection method as a way to study social perceptions about the safety of the educational environment using visual storytelling
Abstract
The work is aimed at presenting the author’s method of photo projection, which makes it possible to study the social representations of respondents based on the analysis of the corresponding visual narrative. The conceptual basis of the study was the theory of the core and periphery of J.-C. Abric. Based on a comparison of the verbal (core, space of semiotic norms) and non-verbal (periphery, space of semiotic practices) focuses of attention of respondents and the identification of the degree of conflict-consistency of the representations that form them, 3 types of interaction of nuclear and peripheral representations of the semiotic code were identified at the theoretical level: coordination, conjugation, conflict. An empirical justification was built by correlating the data obtained using the photoprojection method, the data of the associative experiment, and data on the strength and specificity of the respondent’s defense mechanisms on the basis of a study on the topic “safety of the educational environment”. The hypothesis was the idea that the conflict type of interaction of verbal and non-verbal representations among respondents should be accompanied by the severity (redundancy) of defense mechanisms. The sample for a qualitative study consisted of 20 students aged 19–23 years (M = 20.7; SD = 1.24). The results of the study demonstrate that researchers can use the method of photoprojection and its theoretical construction, associated with the identification of types of interaction between core and peripheral representations, for the empirical study of social representations.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):124-132
124-132
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Abstract
The article is devoted to the study of the motivational sphere of students of various forms of higher education. It is noted that the features of the motivational sphere significantly affect the satisfaction of students with the learning process and, ultimately, the realization of their personal potential in the chosen types of professional activities. The purpose of this study is to study the motivational sphere of students’ personality and to identify the degree of satisfaction - dissatisfaction of actual basic needs: material, security, interpersonal relations, respect and self-actualization, as well as to determine the prevailing type of motivation (success or failure) taking into account the form of education. The study involved 173 second-year students (26 boys and 147 girls): 85 students of the Nizhny Novgorod State Pedagogical University named after K. Minin of the correspondence department (NSPU) of the faculties of psychology and pedagogy (41 people), physical culture and sports (21 people), humanities (23 people); 89 students of the Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod: 43 full-time and part-time students of the Faculty of Social Sciences (UNN) and 46 full-time students of this faculty (UNN). Students are between 18 and 25 years old. To diagnose the actual basic needs: in financial situation, in security, in interpersonal relations, in respect, in self-realization, we used the method “Hierarchy of Needs”, modified by I. A. Akindinova, which allows us to determine the level of their satisfaction. To diagnose the prevailing type of motivation, the method “Motivation for Success and Fear of Failure” (EOR) by A. A. Reanwas used. It should be noted that the majority of students in all study groups are at the level of partial satisfaction of needs. Significant differences between groups were found in satisfaction with interpersonal relationships, needs for respect, and needs for self-actualization. A higher level of motivation for success was found in part-time and part-time students, compared to full-time students. The results obtained allow us to conclude that students of different forms of education differ in the level of satisfaction of basic needs and the prevailing type of motivation. At the same time, the specificity of satisfying a particular need is related to the social situation of students’ development.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):133-142
133-142
Psychological safety of Russian and Chinese students living in the campus dormitory
Abstract
Higher education is supposed to create a safe psychological environment for students, which is necessary for rapid adaptation, comfort of learning and personal development. However, there is a lot of literature on psychological safety, empirical studies are lacking at present. Our study is aimed at describing the personal component of psychological safety in risk groups and revealing the cultural effect in the perception of the educational environment in students, living in a dormitory, including foreigners. The method included a survey of 61 Russian and 62 Chinese students of Perm State University. We used the personality autonomy questionnaire to study the relationship between personality and environment. The attitude to the environment was measured using a spatial semantic differential. We have developed a questionnaire for registering cultural affiliation. The findings show that environment attitude is related to the student’s ability to create trusting, close relationships with people. The relationships quality is a connecting element in the structure of psychological safety for Chinese students. Russian students also assess environment safety by reliability category. It was revealed that person autonomy is connected with the attitude and perception to safe of space. Cultural differences allow students to identify different criteria for evaluating a space as psychologically safe.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):143-153
143-153
The problem of artificial intelligence technology acceptance in the educational environment: Pedagogical resistance and implementation strategies
Abstract
The article analyzes the problems of AI technology acceptance in the educational environment. The study is based on the AIDUA adoption model and includes empirical data on digital acceptance/ resistance to AI adoption by the pedagogical community. The authors identify the socio-psychological and organizational roots of pedagogical digital resistance, offering recommendations for acceleration of AI adoption in teaching practices. The results of the empirical study allow to characterize the attitudes of digital resistance to the introduction of AI technologies. Primarily, these are related to the underestimation of social influence and expectations arising from the speed of technology diffusion, concerns about the potential of using AI technologies and the possible replacement of the educational staff due to the non-anthropomorphic nature of digital assistants, and fears of losing the emotional and personal component of education. The authors also investigate the relevant factors of restraint at different levels of the pedagogical community due to the inaccessibility of necessary resources, the lack of common approaches and protocols for the use of AI technologies, resistance on the part of the pedagogical community based on the preservation of traditions and values of classical education. The proposed strategies and organizational approaches are aimed at reducing resistance and creating a favorable environmental climate conducive to the successful introduction of new technologies in the educational process. The article highlights the importance of a comprehensive approach and integrated strategy for the effective use of the potential of artificial intelligence in education.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):154-166
154-166
OVERVIEWS
Environmental volunteer activity in universities of Kazakhstan (on the example of L. Gumilev Eurasian National University)
Abstract
One of the necessary conditions and prerequisites for the development of modern youth is socionatural interaction in the system “man – society – nature”, which includes a change in the image of nature that has developed in society and the construction of a new paradigm in which the regulator of relations between man and nature is ecological volunteer activity. While examining psychological and pedagogical literature on environmental volunteering, the authors discuss the origins of the term “volunteering” and its key characteristics. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the concepts of “volunteer”, “volunteering”, “volunteer activity”, “environmental volunteering” based on Kazakhstan, Russian and foreign theoretical experience. After reviewing the literature, it was found that “volunteering” and “volunteerism” are essentially the same, so the authors of this study choose to use the term “volunteering” because it is more widely recognized internationally. By examining different perspectives on volunteering, the study was able to define and emphasize the main qualities of a volunteer as someone who participates in volunteer activities. Environmental volunteering is considered by the authors in the same way as a method of educational work with students of a higher educational institution, during the development of which social activity is formed, such qualities as justice, tolerance, kindness, friendliness and diligence are brought up. In turn, cultural and moral education develops, a certain civic position, working capacity, etc. Thus, in this paper, the essential foundations of environmental volunteering, as well as the signs of eco-volunteering as certain integral characteristics of it, which, according to the authors, are fundamental, are highlighted.
Pedagogical Review. 2024;(5):167-176
167-176