


卷 160, 编号 5 (2016)
- 年: 2016
- 文章: 37
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0007-4888/issue/view/14701
Physiology
Effect of Hypothermia-Induced Respiratory Arrest on Cerebral Circulation in Rats
摘要
Intravital microscopy was employed to examine cerebral circulation in rats assessed by blood flow in the venules with diameter of 10-30 μ during immersion hypothermia continued to the moment of respiratory arrest and for 10 min thereafter. Circulation in the cerebral microvessels continued during severe hypothermia, and it went on even after hypothermic respiratory arrest while the heart was beating. In pial venules, the blood continued to fl ow for 8-10 min after respiratory arrest.



Article
Dynamics of the Development of Amnesia Caused by Disruption of Memory Reconsolidation by Neurotransmitter Receptors Antagonists
摘要
The dynamics of amnesia development under conditions of memory reconsolidation disruption by serotonin receptor antagonist methiothepin or NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist MK-801 was studied in snails trained in conventional food aversion. In 2 days after training, injection of methiothepin or MK-801 before reminder induced amnesia development. During repeated training in 3 days after amnesia induction, the skill was formed more rapidly than during the initial training. During repeated training in 10 days after administration of methiothepin and reminder, the dynamics of habit formation was similar to that during initial learning. At the same time, repeated training in 10 days after MK-801 administration and reminder did not result in long-term memory formation. Disruption of reconsolidation of conditioned food aversion memory by antagonists of serotonin or NMDA glutamate receptors led to the development of different types of amnesia that had similar strengthening gradient at the early stages, but differed by the possibility of memory formation during re-training at the late stage.



Activity of the Hypothalamic–Pituitary–Adrenal System in Prenatally Stressed Male Rats on the Experimental Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
摘要
Using the experimental model of post-traumatic stress disorder (stress–restress paradigm), we studied the dynamics of activity of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal system (HPAS) in adult male rats, whose mothers were daily subjected to restraint stress on days 15-19 of pregnancy. Prenatally stressed males that were subjected to combined stress and subsequent restress exhibited not only increased sensitivity of HPAS to negative feedback signals (manifested under restress conditions), but also enhanced stress system reactivity. These changes persisted to the 30th day after restress. Under basal conditions, the number of cells in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of these animals expressing corticotropin-releasing hormone and vasopressin was shown to decrease progressively on days 1-30. By contrast, combined stress and restress in control animals were followed by an increase in the count of CRH-immunopositive cells in the magnocellular and parvocellular parts of the paraventricular nucleus and number of vasopressin-immunopositive cells in the magnocellular part of the nucleus (to the 10th day after restress). Our results indicate a peculiar level of functional activity of HPAS in prenatally stressed males in the stress–restress paradigm: decreased activity under basal conditions and enhanced reactivity during stress.



Changes in Cerebral Blood Flow in the Postischemic Period
摘要
Experiments on Wistar rats showed that blood flow in the cortex and subcortical brain structures was not completely restored within 21 days after transient ischemia caused by bilateral carotid artery occlusion with controlled hypotension. After 7 days of reinfusion, the end-diastolic blood flow velocity increases with simultaneous decrease in pulsation index, which indicates the decrease in peripheral vascular resistance. During the following 14 days, peripheral blood resistance increases, as was seen from the increased peak systolic blood flow velocity, mean blood flow velocity over the heart cycle, and pulsation index. These changes are likely a delayed manifestation of ischemic reperfusion injury to brain microvessels (no-reflow phenomenon) and are determined by changes in blood rheologiy and pial vessel lumen.



Effect of Repeated 1-h Episodes of Immobilization Stress on Activity of Glucocorticoid Metabolism Enzymes in the Liver
摘要
Differences in corticosterone level associated with different activity of glucocorticoid-oxidizing enzymes in the liver were revealed in rats exposed to stress. Pro-inflammatory changes in the liver were associated with enhanced CYP3A-dependent monooxygenation.



Depression of Macrophages Modifies Serum Lipid Profile in Hyperlipidemia
摘要
Suppression of functional activity of macrophages by gadolinium chloride, suppressing the macrophage population and the endocytosis velocity, was studied in vivo. Injection of GdCl3 led to an increase in serum cholesterol concentration. Preliminary injection of GdCl3 to mice with lipidemia 24 h before poloxamer 407 reduced the concentrations of triglycerides and LDL during marked depression of macrophages (in 24 h). Macrophage repopulation (days 5, 7) was associated with development of a trend to an increase of triglyceride and LDL levels. lectron microscopic study of Kupffer cells after injection of poloxamer 407 and its combination with gadoliniun chloride detected the intralysosomal accumulation syndrome in these cells (formation of auto- and heterophagolysosomes). Activity of cathepsin B, characteristic of macrophages, reduced 24 h after injections of GdCl3 and poloxamer 407 alone and restored in response to their combination.



Systemic Effects of Testosterone: Hormonal and Behavioral Mechanisms
摘要
We studied the effects of food deprivation, spatial complexity of environment, and cognitive strain on blood level of testosterone in male (C57Bl/6×DBA/2)F1 mice. Hormone concentration decreased after exposure to any factor and this decrease depended on combined impact to the factors. Testosterone concentration was most sensitive to cognitive strain against the background of food deprivation. The total response of testosterone under conditions of enriched environment and activation of social interactions in the form of neurotic and aggressive behavior provoked by food deprivation was not equal to the sum of individual effects of these factors. Testosterone response to combined exposure to external and internal factors reflected systemic effect.



Free Radical Oxidation in Rat Myocardium after Maximum Permissible Hepatic Resection
摘要
Free radical oxidation in rat myocardial homogenate was studied by chemiluminescent assay during the early terms after maximum permissible liver resection. During this period, activation of free radical oxidation was biphasic. The critical terms characterized by dramatic intensification of free radical oxidation in the myocardium are the first hour and the first day after surgery. The period from 3 to 12 h after surgery, in which the indices of chemiluminescence decrease, can be tentatively termed as the period of “putative wellbeing”. Normalization of the free radical oxidation processes in the myocardium occurred by day 7 after surgery.



Corticosterone Induces Rapid Increase in the Amplitude of Inhibitory Response in Hippocampal Synapses with Asynchronous GABA Release
摘要
Experiments were performed on cultured slices of rat ventral hippocampus. Using extracellular stimulation and patch clamp recording from pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 area, we studied characteristics of GABAergic synapse formed on these neurons by cholecystokinin-expressing interneurons. This synapse was characterized by asynchronous release of GABA and depolarization-induced suppression of inhibitory response. It was observed that administration of corticosterone increased the amplitude of evoked inhibitory postsynaptic currents in 5 minutes, but the paired ratio did not significantly change. Obtained data reflect that corticosterone can induce rapid genome-independent effects on inhibitory neurotransmission in one of hippocampal synapses.



Profile of microRNA in Blood Plasma of Healthy Humans
摘要
Analysis of the plasma microRNA profile can be used for the diagnosis of various pathological and physiological conditions. Complete microRNA microprofiling is an extremely important task. Here we used microarray analysis allowing measurement of the expression of 2500 microRNA (MirBase, version 20). About 10% known microRNA were found in the plasma. Most of the detected microRNA (69 microRNA; ~30%) were encoded by mirtrons.



Taxifolin and Fucoidin Abolish the Irradiation-Induced Increase in the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Rat Aorta
摘要
We studied changes in ROS content in the aorta of Wistar rats at early terms after irradiation in doses equal to single fraction used in tumor radiotherapy and the effects of taxifolin and fucoidin, blockers of leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, on ROS content. Male rats were exposed to X-rays (200 kW) in doses of 1-7.5 Gy. ROS production in aorta segments was measured in 1-48 h after irradiation by dichlorodihydrofluorescein oxidation. The content of ROS in the aorta of rats exposed to radiation in doses of 1-2.5 Gy increased in 1-24 h after irradiation, the peak ROS content was found in 2 h after irradiation. Taxifolin (100 μg/kg dihydroquercetin once a day with drinking water) and fucoidin (10 mg/kg, i.v.) abolished ROS accumulation. The content of ROS in rat aorta increased in 1-24 h after irradiation in doses used for tumor radiotherapy and this increase can be determined by leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium.



Cardioprotective Effect of Modified Peroxiredoxins in Retrograde Perfusion of Isolated Rat Heart under Conditions of Oxidative Stress
摘要
Antioxidant properties of recombinant peroxiredoxin-6 and chimeric protein PSH combining peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were studied on the model of retrograde perfusion of isolated rat heart under conditions of H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The exogenous antioxidant proteins exhibited cardioprotective properties manifested in heart rate normalization, maintenance of contractile activity of the myocardium, and prevention of H2O2-induced LPO in oxidative stress. Localization of peroxiredoxin-6 and PSH in the cardiac tissue was determined and myocardial structures most effectively protected by the antioxidant enzymes from ischemia/reperfusion-induced damages were identified. The results suggest that modified peroxiredoxins are promising components of perfusion media for preservation of isolated organs.



Role of BKCa Potassium Channels in the Mechanisms of Modulatory Effects of IL-10 on Hypoxia-Induced Changes in Activity of Hippocampal Neurons
摘要
We studied the contribution of large conductance Ca2+-activated potassium channels (BKCa) in the mechanisms of neuromodulatory effects of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 on hypoxiainduced changes in activity of CA1 pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampus. We used the method of registration of population spikes from CA1 pyramidal neurons in hippocampal slices before, during, and after exposure to short-term episodes of hypoxia. Selective blocker (iberiotoxin) and selective activator of BKCa (BMS-191011) were used to evaluate the contribution of these channels in the mechanisms of suppressive effects of IL-10 on changes in neuronal activity during hypoxia and development of post-hypoxic hyperexcitability. It was shown that BKCa are involved in the modulatory effects of IL-10 on hypoxia-induced suppression of activity of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampus and development of post-hypoxic hyperexcitability in these neurons.



Comparison of the Efficiency of Adeprophen and Antidepressants of Various Groups on the Model of Reserpine-Induced Depression in Rats
摘要
A new (aryloxyalkyl)adenine derivative Adeprophen (9-[2-(4-isopropylphenoxy)ethyl]adenine, VMA-99-82) has a strong antidepressant effect on the model of reserpine-induced depression in rats (single dose 4 mg/kg, intraperitoneally). This effect manifested in suppression of depression-like behavior in the Porsolt forced swimming test (shortening of immobility time and increase in immobility latency, number of jumping episodes, and time of active swimming) and sucrose consumption/preference test (increase in the consumption of 20% sucrose solution in g/100 g body weight and percentage of sucrose preference in relation to the total fluid preference). Adeprophen had a greater antidepressant effect than sertraline and fluoxetine, but was less potent than amitriptyline, imipramine, venlafaxine, and to a lesser extent to paroxetine.



Neuropeptide Cycloprolylglycine Exhibits Neuroprotective Activity after Systemic Administration to Rats with Modeled Incomplete Global Ischemia and in In Vitro Modeled Glutamate Neurotoxicity
摘要
We studied cerebroprotective properties of neuropeptide cycloprolylglycine (1 mg/kg) administered intraperitoneally to rats with modeled incomplete global ischemia rats and neuroprotective properties for HT-22 cells under conditions of glutamate toxicity. It was shown that the neuropeptide administered during the postischemic period restored the neurological status of rats by preventing sensorimotor impairments in the limb-placing test and suppression of locomotor activity in the open field test. In in vitro experiments, cycloprolylglycine in concentrations of 10–5-10–8 M exhibited pronounced dose-dependent neuroprotective activity. The results attest to high cerebro- and neuroprotective potential of endogenous peptide cycloprolylglycine.



Role of Melatonin in the Regulation of Differentiation of T Cells Producing Interleukin-17 (Th17)
摘要
We studied the ability of melatonin in physiological and pharmacological concentrations to induce and/or regulate differentiation of T cells producing IL-17 (Th17). This hormone produced the opposite effect on CD4+T cells, which depended on their activation status. Melatonin induced the synthesis of IL-17A by intact T cells, but had little effect on activated cells. Melatonin in high (pharmacological) concentration decreased the intracellular expression of this cytokine under conditions of polyclonal activation. Melatonin had a dose-depended effect. Taking into the fact that Th17 cells play an important role in the immune defense, it can be suggested that the regulation of their activity by melatonin contributes to this process.



Changes in Differentiation of Thymic T Cells in the Progeny of Female Mice Subjected to Immune System Stimulation during Early Pregnancy
摘要
Differentiation of T cells was studied in the progeny of female C57Bl/6 mice subjected to immunostimulation by administration of concanavalin A or adoptive transfer of concanavalin A-activated splenocytes. Acceleration of T cell maturation during the prepubertal period and decelerated differentiation during the pubertal and post-pubertal periods were revealed.



In Vitro Study of Cytophysiological Characteristics of Multinuclear Macrophages from Intact and BCG-Infected Mice
摘要
Peritoneal macrophages were isolated from intact and BCG-infected BALB/c mice and explanted in vitro. Multinuclear macrophages formed in these cultures differed by the number of nuclei, expression of apoptosis inductors and regulators (TNF-α, p53 protein, caspase 3, and Bcl-2 protein), and cytophysiological characteristics (phagocytic activity, ROS generation, and antimycobacterial properties). Our results indicate that the formation of multinuclear macrophages is accompanied by induction of apoptosis (p53 signaling pathway) and appearance of multinuclear macrophage-derived cells characterized by high phagocytic and antimycobacterial activity.



Immunochemical Nature of Receptors of Pseudotuberculosis Diagnostic Bacteriophage
摘要
The effect of treatment of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis cells with antibodies of various specificities on adhesiveness of pseudotuberculosis bacteriophage was analyzed by competitive inhibition technique. Bacteriophage adsorption to bacteria was sterically inhibited by monoclonal antibodies to protein epitopes of Y. pseudotuberculosis outer membrane. These results suggest that receptors of pseudotuberculosis diagnostic bacteriophage are localized on the LPS core of microbial cell.



Antibacterial Effects of Liposomes Containing Phospholipid Cardiolipin and Fluoroquinolone Levofloxacin on Mycobacterium tuberculosis with Extensive Drug Resistance
摘要
The effects of liposomes containing phospholipid cardiolipin without antibiotic and loaded with levofloxacin on the growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis with extensive drug resistance were studied in vitro. Liposomes consisting of cardiolipin alone in a concentration of 335 μM completely suppressed the growth of M. tuberculosis. In order to reduce the minimum inhibitory concentration of cardiolipin, complex liposome preparation consisting of phosphatidylcholin/cholesterol/cardiolipin and loaded with levofloxacin was prepared. Due to this, the cardiolipin concentration was reduced to 33.5 μM (50 μg/ml) and concentration of levofloxacin – to 2 μg/ml.



Changes in Production of Cytokines by C57Bl/6J Mouse Spleen during Aggression Provoked by Social Stress
摘要
The effect of aggressive behavior shaped under social stress of various durations on the production of proinflammatory cytokines by splenic cells was examined on C57BL/6J mice. Aggressive mice were characterized by enhanced production of IL-2 and IFN-γ (released by T helper type 1 cells) and reduced secretion of TNF-α, whose major producers are monocytes and macrophages. Elevation of IL-2 and IFN-γ in aggressive mice resulted from enhancement of spontaneous and Con A-stimulated production, the most pronounced effect was demonstrated by the with a longer period (20 days) of victories. In contrast, spontaneous production of TNF-α was similar in control and aggressive mice, although LPS-stimulated production of this cytokine decreased after 10- and 20-day stress. The possible mechanisms of the changes in cytokine production are discussed.



Fast Nongenomic Effect of Aldosterone on the Volume of Principal Cells in Collecting Tube and Genetic Heterogeneity of Epithelial Sodium Channel in the Postnatal Ontogenesis of Rat Kidney
摘要
The effects of amiloride, epithelial sodium pump inhibitor, on the fast nongenomic effect of aldosterone in principal cells of an isolated segment of the distal portion of renal collecting tubes were studied in 10-day-old and adult rats. Fluorescent staining with Calcein AM showed various effects of amiloride (10–5 M) on the stabilizing effect of aldosterone (10 nM) in hypotonic shock (280/140 mOsm/kg). Amiloride attenuated by 30% the effect of aldosterone on the amplitude of principal cell swelling in adult animals and almost completely abolished this effect in 10-day rats (p<0.05). These age-specific differences in the contribution of the distal portion of the collecting tube to the nongenomic effect of aldosterone did not depend on genetic heterogeneity of its α-subunit.



Cells of Benign and Borderline Thyroid Tumor Express Malignancy Markers
摘要
We studied expression of malignancy markers galectin-3, cytokeratin-19, HBME-1, fibronectin, and cyclin D1 in cells of benign (n=51), malignant (n=87), and borderline (n=53) tumors. The results indicate that 3.9% benign and 41.5% borderline tumors express malignancy markers (specificity 98-100%). Follow up over 1-10 years after surgical treatment for borderline tumors showed no progression of tumor growth. We conclude that some benign and borderline tumors represent low-grade neoplasms with favorable prognosis.



Chromogranin As a Biochemical Marker of Neuroendocrine Tumors
摘要
Comparative study of plasma chromogranin A levels was carried out in 227 patients with neuroendocrine tumors of various locations and 66 normal subjects, men and women, by standard ELISA. In patients with tumors of all locations (pancreas, stomach, small and large intestine, and lungs), the glycoprotein levels were significantly (p<0.000001) higher than in controls. The patients demonstrated high variability of chromogranin A levels; the maximum concentrations were detected in patients with neuroendocrine tumors of the stomach and lung. The highest median values of chromogranin A were found in patients with tumors of the small intestine, large intestine, and pancreas. A relationship between secretion of chromogranin A and dissemination and activity of the neuroendocrine tumor was detected, which was the maximum in patients with metastases in the liver and carcinoid syndrome. High diagnostic sensitivity of chromogranin A was shown: 85.8% for the total group of patients; specificity was 98.5%. These data confirmed high efficiency of chromogranin A as the marker of neuroendocrine tumors. Detection of this marker promotes more accurate diagnosis and evaluation of dissemination of the neuroendocrine tumors.



Toxicogenomic Effects in Rat Blood Leukocytes and Chemoprophylaxis of Radiation-Induced Carcinogenesis
摘要
Toxicogenomic parameters were studied in the blood of female rats after exposure to ionizing γ-radiation in a dose of 4 Gy and chemoprophylaxis with α-difluoromethylornithine, eleutherococcus or leuzea extracts, which were used in animals with morphological manifestations of tumor growth under conditions of radiation-induced carcinogenesis. Life-time evaluation of toxicogenomic effects was carried out by express method for measurements of blood nucleotid DNA – fluorescent indication. The level of hyperaneu/polyploidy increased in the blood leukocytes of control rats 30 days after radiation exposure. A significant decrease of genotoxicity as a result of drug treatment in comparison with the number and multiplicity of tumors in irradiated animals was found only in the endocrine and reproductive organs of rats treated by eleutherococcus extract.



Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Patients with Prostate Cancer
摘要
The study revealed a two-fold elevation of ROS production in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the patients with prostate cancer (from 0.48±0.04 to 0.93±0.12 rel. units) together with significant variability of individual values. Hormone therapy had no effect on the mean and individual ROS levels. In contrast, organometallic cytostatics cisplatin and morfozol 2-fold increased ROS generation in lymphocytes of patients with prostate cancer above the enhanced level of this parameter determined by tumor growth.



Effects of Amygdaline from Apricot Kernel on Transplanted Tumors in Mice
摘要
The effects of amygdaline from apricot kernel added to fodder on the growth of transplanted LYO-1 and Ehrlich carcinoma were studied in mice. Apricot kernels inhibited the growth of both tumors. Apricot kernels, raw and after thermal processing, given 2 days before transplantation produced a pronounced antitumor effect. Heat-processed apricot kernels given in 3 days after transplantation modified the tumor growth and prolonged animal lifespan. Thermal treatment did not considerably reduce the antitumor effect of apricot kernels. It was hypothesized that the antitumor effect of amygdaline on Ehrlich carcinoma and LYO-1 lymphosarcoma was associated with the presence of bacterial genome in the tumor.



General Pathology and Pathophysiology
Oxytocin-Induced Changes in Monoamine Level in Symmetric Brain Structures of Isolated Aggressive C57Bl/6 Mice
摘要
Changes in activity of monoaminergic systems of the left and right brain hemispheres after administration of saline and oxytocin were studied in male C57Bl/6 mice subjected to social isolation. The concentrations of dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, and their metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic, homovanillic, and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acids were measured in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, olfactory tubercle, and striatum of the left and right brain hemispheres by HPLC. In isolated aggressive males treated intranasally with saline, the content of serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid was significantly higher in the right hippocampus. Oxytocin reduces aggression caused by long-term social isolation, but has no absolute ability to suppress this type of behavior. Oxytocin reduced dopamine content in the left cortex and serotonin content in the right hippocampus and left striatum. Furthermore, oxytocin evened the revealed asymmetry in serotonin and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid concentrations in the hippocampus. At the same time, asymmetry in dopamine concentration appeared in the cortex with predominance of this transmitter in the right hemisphere. The data are discussed in the context of lateralization of neurotransmitter systems responsible for intraspecific aggression caused by long-term social isolation.



Pharmacology and Toxicology
Effect of 5-Fluorouracil on Thymidine Phosphorylase Activity in Model Experiment
摘要
Variations in thymidine phosphorylase activity in rat liver were studied in 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after intraperitoneal bolus injection of 5-fluorouracil. Enzyme activity was measured by HPLC. A 2-fold decrease in enzyme activity was observed 3 h after 5-fluorouracil administration and persisted for 12 h. This additional effect of the cytostatic should be taken into account in choosing chemotherapy protocol.



Microbiology and Immunology
Detection and Characteristics of Rifampicin-Resistant Isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
摘要
Genotyping and analysis the drug resistance of 59 isolates of M. tuberculosis obtained from patients living in Altai Territory were performed using a BACTEC MGIT 960 fluorometric system by means of VNTR typing (variable number tandem repeat), PCR-RFLP analysis, and sequence analysis. The occurrence frequency was highest for isolates of the Beijing family (n=30, 50.8%). Analysis of mutation spectrum in the rpoB gene associated with rifampicin resistance revealed the major mutation (codon 531 of the rpoB gene) in 93% samples, which allows us to use rapid test systems.



Virology
Studies of Influenza A/H1N1 A/Tomsk/13/2010 Virus Topology during Development of Infectious Process in Mammals
摘要
Influenza A/H1N1 A/Tomsk/13/2010 virus registered in Siberia in 2010 proved to be an extremely pathogenic strain. Dynamic study of the topology of this influenza virus strain in the lungs, liver, kidneys, lymph nodes, and great vessels of infected mice was carried out. Influenza A virus was detected by immunohistochemical methods in cells of different histogenesis in all the studied organs throughout the observation period (days 1-30 postinfection), which indicated effective replication and long persistence of influenza A/H1N1 A/Tomsk/13/2010 virus in mammalian cells.



Genetics
CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 Gene Polymorphisms in Schizophrenic Patients with Neuroleptic Drug-Induced Side Effects
摘要
Polymorphic variants of CYP1A2 and CYP2D6 genes of the cytochrome P450 system were studied in patients with schizophrenia with drug-induced motor disorders and hyperprolactinemia against the background of long-term neuroleptic therapy. We revealed an association of polymorphic variant C-163A CYP1A2*1F of CYP1A2 gene with tardive dyskinesia and association of polymorphic variant 1846G>A CY2D6*4 and genotype A/A of CYP2D6 gene (responsible for debrisoquin-4-hydroxylase synthesis) with limbotruncal tardive dyskinesia in patients with schizophrenia receiving neuroleptics for a long time.



Oncology
Adenylyl Cyclase-Associated Protein 1 in the Development of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas
摘要
We compared the content of adenylyl cyclase-associated protein 1 (CAP1) in the blood and tissues of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (with and without regional metastases), patients with chronic inflammatory diseases aggravated by laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal dysplasia, and healthy individuals. The data suggest that serum CAP1 concentration correlated with the depth of primary tumor invasion and the presence of regional metastases. In cancer patients, the serum level of CAP1 was lower than in patients with laryngeal and laryngopharyngeal dysplasia, which can be of importance for differential and timely diagnostics of malignant tumors.



Biotechnologies
Soft Tissue Regeneration under the Effect of Wound Coating Based on Chitosan (Natural Biopolymer)
摘要
We developed wound coating based on natural biopolymer chitosan with additional components (ceruloplasmin, L-asparaginic acid, and glycerol). Experiments on albino male rats demonstrated its regeneratory, antioxidant, and antibacterial effects on wounds involving all layers of the skin. Due to chemical composition and buffer component, the biodegraded wound coating optimizes all phases of the wound process, accelerates by 22-28% the reparative regeneration, and leads to anatomic and functional restoration of injured sites. High absorption capacity recommends its use in the treatment of wounds with profuse exudation.



Morphology and Pathomorphology
Specific Features of TLR4 Expression in Structural Elements of Placenta in Patients with Preeclampsia
摘要
We studied the expression of TLR4 (Toll-like receptor 4) in the syncytiotrophoblast and vascular endothelial cells of terminal and stem placental villi in severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. In women of both groups, the expression of TLR4 was higher in the syncytiotrophoblast that in placental endothelial cells. In patients with severe preeclampsia, TLR4 expression in endothelial cells of terminal villi was 1.3-fold lower than in normal pregnancy. Lower TLR4 expression in the terminal villi endothelium in preeclampsia can underlie impaired recognition of damaging molecules with subsequent development of endothelial dysfunction and changes in immunological tolerance.



Methods
Detection of Antileukocytic Antibodies in Blood Serum using Lymphocytes and Latex Microspheres Carrying HLA-Antigens upon Alloimmunization of Women with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss
摘要
Anti-HLA-antibodies were detected using cross-reaction of blood serum with allogenic T and B cells and latex microspheres coated with HLA-I and HLA-II antigens. HLA+ and HLA–sera obtained from women before and after allogeneic immunization were tested. The results obtained by these methods significantly differed. The test with latex microspheres detected antibodies to HLA-I and HLA-II antigens with high sensitivity and specificity and can be used for assessment of clinical significance of alloantibody detection when using alloimmunization in the therapy of gestation disorders.



Erratum
Erratum to: Design of Polyepitope DNA Vaccine against Breast Carcinoma Cells and Analysis of Its Expression in Dendritic Cells


