Vol 89, No 10 (2019)

The processes of unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons hydrogenation in a three-phase gas-liquid-solid catalyst system in the presence of nanostructured nickel, cobalt, or iron catalysts in a flow reactor at 130°C and atmospheric pressure have studied. RX3Extra activated carbon, γ-Al₂O₃, NaX zeolite, and Purolite CT-175 cation-exchange resin have been used as supports; NaBH₄ and NH₂NH₂·H₂O were used as reducing agents. The catalytic activity of supported nanoparticles and their selectivity with respect to the product of exhaustive hydrogenation have been investigated.

A 12-stage method for the stereoselective synthesis of tetradecapentaenoic acid derivatives using phosphoric reagents was developed. The key step in the synthesis is the Z-selective Wittig reaction between sorbaldehyde and triphenylphosphonium (6-methoxycarbonyl)hexanilide, as well as the Ramirez-Corey-Fuchs reaction and the Trost-Kazmaier rearrangement. The synthesized (2E,4E,8Z,10E,12E)-N-isobutyltetradeca-2,4,8,10,12-pentaenamide corresponds to a natural compound called γ-Sanshoöl.

The reaction of 6-methyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-one with methyl chloroacetate, followed by hydrazinolysis, gave 2-{[6-methyl-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl]oxy}acetohydrazide, and the latter was used to obtain a series of new derivatives, including those containing a 1,2,4-triazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, or furan ring in addition to the pyrimidine fragment. Preliminary biological screening of the synthesized compounds revealed a pronounced plant growth stimulating effect at a level of 65–87% relative to heteroauxin.

A series of semicarbazones have been obtained from 2-substituted 5-acetylfurancarboxylic acid esters. When oxidized with selenium dioxide in acetic acid, 5-(1,2,3-selenadiadiazol-4-yl)furan-3-carboxylic acid esters bearing a functional group in position 2 of the furan ring have been formed.

The reactions of the cytisine and anabasine alkaloids with cinnamic acid chloride have been studied, and hydrazinolysis of the resulting N-cinnamoylcytisine and N-cinnamoylanabazine has been carried out. The reaction of cinnamoyl isothiocyanate with alkaloids has afforded the corresponding thiourea derivatives. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of cinnamoyl-containing derivatives of these alkaloids has been evaluated.

Mixed-substituted aluminum phthalocyanines bearing biphenyloxy substituents and nitro groups or 1-benzotriazole moieties in the periphery were synthesized on the basis of the previously obtained 4,5-disubstituted phthalonitriles. The spectral-luminescent properties of the resultant compounds were studied.

The issues of the composition-structure relationship of boron carbide are discussed. A new hypothesis based on the presence of channels with a diameter of 2.7–2.9 Å in crystals, into which C or B atoms can be intruded, has been proposed. The intrusion has been confirmed by the data of quantum-chemical simulation using VASP program. It has been shown that the introduction of atoms into the channels changes the cell parameters and deforms the structural fragments. The latter may cause the formation of monoclinic crystals of boron carbide. According to the quantum chemical simulattions, the cell parameters of boron carbide crystals of the same composition depend on the site of intrusion of the C atoms into the channels.

New polymer composites were obtained by incorporating hybrid carbon modifiers into the poly(m-phenyleneisophthalamide) matrix consisting of a branch center (C₆₀ fullerene) and 12 grafted hydrophobic chains: 6 polystyrene chains and 6 poly(tert-butyl methacrylate) chains. The physico-chemical and transport properties of the membranes were studied for the purification of butan-1-ol from water impurities.

Glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters display polyanionic properties that are manifested in the interaction with cationic species. The nanoclusters form complexes with doxorubicin with effective dissociation constant about 10 µM that increased by an order of magnitude in the presence of 0.15 M NaCl confirming electrostatic character of binding. Adsorption of polylysine arose an increase in the fluorescence of gold nanoclusters due to aggregation induced emission enhancement effect. Fluorescence of the complexes increased several-fold upon addition of up to 1 M of KCl suggesting contribution of non-Coulombic forces in the stabilization of aggregates of gold nanoclusters.

A new series of chromene based 1,2,3-triazole derivatives has been synthesized by incorporating biologically active heterocyclic rings containing chromene and triazole moieties in one molecular structure. All newly synthesized compounds are characterized by ¹H and ¹³C NMR, mass, and IR spectra. The title compounds are tested for their activity against different bacterial and fungal strains, and antioxidant activity. Several compounds are determined to be potent antimicrobial and antioxidant agents.

Mixed ligand vanadyl(II) complexes of orotic acid and six different amino acids (isoleucine, threonine, proline, phenylalanine, lysine, and glutamine) have been synthesized. Vanadyl(II) orotate mixed ligand complexes are studied on the basis of conductivity, FTIR, UV-Vis, TG-DTG-DTA, magnetic moments, solid powder XRD, SEM, and TEM measurements. These non-electrolyte complexes are of 1 : 1 : 1 stochiometry. The major goal of this article is design and synthesis of new insulin alternative anti-diabetic drug. The insulin hormone and blood glucose level, lipid profile, liver and kidney functions, and superoxide dismutase antioxidant (SOD) are the factors to identify efficiency of the new synthesized compounds as antidiabetic drug agents.

In the presence of semicarbazide hydrochloride (SCH) and traces of Ag^I, the tetrazolium salt 2,5-diphenyl-3-(1-naphmyl)-2H-tetrazolium chloride (Tetrazolium violet, TV) is reduced in alkaline medium to intensely colored chloroform-extractable 3,5-diphenyl-1-(1-naphthyl)formazan (Tetrazolium violet formazan, TVF). The following experimental parameters have been examined for finding optimal conditions for color development and extraction-spectrophotometric determination of Ag^I: concentration of reagents, extraction time, volume of the two phases, presence of dissolved oxygen, and light. Under the optimal conditions (c_TV = 4.0 × 10⁻⁵ mol/dm³, c_SCH = 2.4 × 10⁻³ mol/dm³, c_NaOH = 4 × 10⁻¹ mol/dm³, V_aq.phase = 25 cm³, V_chloroform = 4 cm³, extraction time t = 5 min) an isomer of TVF with λ_max = 511–512 nm is predominantly extracted. The calibration curve (at 512 nm) is linear in the concentration range of 0.013–0.028 µg cm⁻³ of Ag^I. The following ions do not interfere in determination of 0.65 µg of Ag^I; Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, \(\rm{NH}_4^+\), \(\rm{H}_2PO_4^-\), F−, Cl−, \(\rm{SO}_4^{2-}\), \(\rm{B}_4O_7^{2-}\), \(\rm{ReO}_4^-\), tartrate, and citrate (5000-fold excess); Mg^II and EDTA (1000-fold excess); Pb^II and Ba^II (500-fold excess); Al^III (300-fold excess); Zn^II and Ca^II (100-fold excess); V^V (50-fold excess); Hg^II, Hg^I, Mo^VI and Fe^III (25-fold excess); and Cu^II and W^VI (10-fold excess). Cr^III interferes in the process at a mass ratio of 1 : 1, however small amount of this cation (1.5-fold excess) can be masked by EDTA.

The reactions of 1-(4,4-diethoxybutyl)ureas with diphenyl chlorophosphine in the presence of acetic acid afforded new 2-(diphenylphosphoryl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxamides.

The reaction of 5-aminomethyl-4-(1,2,3-thiadiazol-4-yl)furan-2-carboxylic acid ethyl ester with bases has given ethyl 5-sulfanylidene-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-c]pyridine-2-carboxylate as a result of intramolecular 6-endo-dig-cyclization of thioketene generated in situ with an internal CH₂NH₂ nucleophile. The obtained ester has been alkylated with iodomethane at the sulfur atom to form ethyl 5-methylsulfanyl-4,7-dihydrofuro[2,3-c] pyridine-2-carboxylate. The Hantzsch reaction with ω-bromoacetophenone has resulted in the formation of 7-ethoxycarbonyl-3-phenylfuro[3,2-d[1,3]thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridin-4-ium bromide.

The reactions of N-adamant-1-ylketeniminophosphonates with heterocyclic amines (pyrrolidine, morpholine, 2,6-dimethylpiperidine, 4-ethylpiperazine, 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione, 2-phenyltetrazole-5-thione) furnished a series of new non-symmetrical C-phosphonylated acetamidines.

Cyclization of N′-(arylcarbonyl)benzohydrazides in SOCl₂ has afforded 2-aryl-5-(4-octyloxyphenyl)-1H-1,3,4-oxadiazoles; the spectral-luminescent properties of the properties have been studied. The obtained cadmium complex based on 2-[5-(4-octyloxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenol (L₂Cd) have exhibited strong violet luminescence.