No 1 (2023)
TEACHER PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
Diagnostics of professional deficiency of rural schools teachers as a condition for designing an individual trajectory of teachers’ growth
Abstract
The problem of effective methodological support for teachers of rural schools is based on the diagnosis and identification of their professional deficits. The mechanisms of organizing and conducting this diagnosis, the features of the development of diagnostic materials, as well as ways of objective evaluation of its results are shown. 250 teachers (143 teachers of the Russian language and 107 teachers of mathematics) working in rural schools located on the territory of 26 municipal districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan took part in the diagnostic testing. Diagnosis of professional deficits was carried out using an online platform https://platforma.bspu.ru. The results of a comprehensive analysis of diagnosing the professional competencies of teachers of the Russian language and Mathematics in rural schools are presented (on the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan). The influence of teaching experience and qualification categories on the results of diagnostics is presented. The professional deficiencies identified during the diagnostics and their significance in the professional activities of teachers of Mathematics and the Russian language are described. The systematic problem of methodological in competencies of teachers in rural schools has been identified and possible ways to solve them by providing targeted methodological assistance and designing individual tracks of personal growth have been identified.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):7-17
7-17
Modernization of the technology for assessing the professionalism and the level of competence of teachers based on the analysis of students’ learning results
Abstract
An analysis of approaches, technologies, models developed over the past three years related to the assessment of professionalism and the level of competencies of teachers is presented. The attention is focused on research and development, which is based on working with big data, the use of technical means to automate the assessment process. An approach to assessing the professional competencies of teachers based on the analysis of the results of their students is formulated. Within the framework of this paper, the 3rd stage of the technology for assessing professionalism and competence level of general education teachers has been improved, tested and described. Using the data of the learning results of Tomsk region secondary students in the national Unified State Exam (USE), 3 (three) clustering algorithms were applied by technology: k-means, spectral clustering, agglomerative clustering. The learning results under study were on 4 (four) subjects: Russian, Mathematics (profile level), Physics, and Social Studies for the period from 2015 to 2019. The above data were divided into 2 (two) arrays: Science and Humanities, and clustering algorithms mentioned were applied to them. The validity of the clusters was assessed by the method of Silhouette coefficient and Kalinsky-Harabasz index. Some measured parameters of the algorithms and the expediency of their use within the framework of the task were evaluated.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):18-32
18-32
Actualization of the trial action in the practice of designing career strategies for students of additional professional programs
Abstract
The paper shows the course of research work on the formation of the model of tutor support of probationary activities in the design of career strategy of students in the process of implementation of personality-oriented programs of additional vocational education. The structure of the model (purpose, theoretical and methodological foundations and principles, organizational and pedagogical conditions, performance criteria) is presented. The article shows the results of the research by the results of the pilot experiment in the implementation of the developed model in the practice of additional professional education. The conclusions about the model adjustment and perspectives of further research in this direction are made. The necessity of supplementing the formed organizational and pedagogical model of tutor support for trial actions when designing an individual career strategy of students in the context of the implementation of personality-oriented programs of additional professional education through: strengthening three lines of individualization in the tutor support of the program (organizational, program-methodical, pedagogical); creating conditions for the preparation of a team of tutors to work within a specific program additional professional education by creating its demo version; development of criteria for the selection of tutors to work in the program, taking into account their professional and individual personality characteristics, the ability to work with different categories of students; expansion of the reflexive component in the work of tutors; collection of cases on the topic of the implementation of trial actions in the design of the career strategy of students in the conditions of additional professional education and the development of methods of their use for practical classes and consultations within the framework of the program.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):33-41
33-41
METHODICAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHER
Use of base chronological lines in teaching a repeated-generalizing history course in high school
Abstract
The issue of the use of reference chronological lines in teaching a repetitive-generalizing course of history in the 11th grade of a general education school considered as a factor contributing to the solution of practical problems in teaching history within the framework of generalizing lessons. Based on the analysis of domestic literature, the main approaches to the use of chronological lines in teaching history are established. The didactic structure of the author’s reference chronological line is presented. Its main elements and their didactic functions are described. Attention is focused on the positive effect of the synergy of the means of conditional graphic visualization - reference signals and the chronological line, in the process of teaching history. It is concluded that it is possible to build repetitive-generalizing lessons based on reference chronological lines, as well as to use them as a methodological tool for structural and functional analysis of the material when a teacher prepares a history lesson. The positive influence of the use of reference chronological lines on the formation of cognitive, logical universal educational actions of students, their generalization abilities is noted. The main lesson formats are indicated with a reference chronological line. The attention is focused on the positive effects of the use of the updated didactic structure of the chronological line in the course of the iterative-generalizing history course in high school.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):42-53
42-53
Organization of work with archival sources under the project “Defense products of Tomsk plant NO. 631 “Sibkabel” during the Great Patriotic War”
Abstract
This article is a continuation of a series of publications on the implementation of the All-Russian patriotic project «Victory Map - 2025», dedicated to the contribution of the rear territories to the victory in the Great Patriotic War. A feature of the project is the focus on organizing the work of young people in the state archives of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Working out the phased structure of modeling the project process from acquaintance with the available historical and memoir literature through the study of archival sources and the presentation of socially significant results, we offer this article as a recommendation for organizing work with one of the most important sources of reliable information - archival documents. The chosen subject of scientific research involves the use of various archival funds in archives of various profiles, for example, in Tomsk - this is the State Archive of the Tomsk Region, which stores documents on the activities of enterprises, institutions and organizations of all branches of the region, as well as the Center for Documentation of the Contemporary History of the Tomsk Region, which stores documents of primary, urban, regional party organizations (VKP(b), CPSU). The study of totality of documents from these archives allows you to get acquainted with both internal production and social problems of enterprise, and with party politics during the war years. The specificity of working with archival documents is aimed at the correct selection of files when working with inventories of funds, a scrupulous study of textual information in the files themselves in order to select reliable factual material in documents of various kinds. On the example of the topic “Defense products of Tomsk plant No. 631 “Sibkabel”, the work on sampling typical material in different funds of the mentioned Tomsk archives is traced, work with digital information in tabular and descriptive versions is shown, methods for comparing and collating quantitative data by years are given, the dynamics of production growth is traced, a range of cable products was identified: if in 1942 field telephone wires were the predominant type of product, in 1943 - sapper wires, in 1944 - winding copper and enamel wire, in 1945 - transition to civilian products. At the same time, the found archival material made it possible to specify the range of types of products manufactured by Tomsk plant «Sibkabel» and the introduce these data into scientific circulation.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):54-61
54-61
On the issue of educational and methodological aspects of implementation of the correspondence form of higher professional education
Abstract
Based on the analysis of literature on the features of the organization of the correspondence form of higher vocational training, the need for educational and methodological support of subjectdeveloping and professionally oriented tasks was revealed, as well as the need to use special developmental tasks and scientific and methodological materials to change the student’s educational motivation and the formation of subject-specific specialized competencies. Distance learning was considered. It has been established: distance learning has a significant impact on the entire education system as a whole, changing its organization, forms and technologies for the implementation of the educational process; the acquisition of knowledge in the online format is an important and promising direction in the development of the education system; the result of distance learning directly depends on the independence and awareness of the student; the implementation of distance learning requires the transformation of the educational process, the need for improvement, the development of new methods and educational technologies of distance learning, necessary for the correspondence form of training spe cialists.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):62-69
62-69
INTEGRATEDAPPROACH
Integrated approach to the development of polyphonic hearing of pianists in university
Abstract
The authors reveal the theoretical and methodological basis for the development of polyphonic hearing of the students in the profile “Piano” in the higher school. The article substantiates the necessity to organize a complex approach to the solution of the indicated problem. The acuteness of the problem is caused by the ineffectiveness of the traditional ways of development of polyphonic hearing, when polyphony is learned not in the interaction of music subject fields, but in parallel and independently of each other. This situation hinders the formation of a holistic view of polyphony and inhibits the development of polyphonic hearing. Researchers have analyzed the concept of “ear for music” and defined it as a set of abilities of a person that allow him to fully perceive and objectively evaluate the music. The features of polyphonic hearing as a variety of musical hearing are also considered. It is interpreted as a complex ability, aimed at a holistic perception of the specific properties of polyphonic music. The article substantiates the idea of the necessity to develop polyphonic hearing on the basis of an integrated approach as the basic methodological idea and the condition for solving the problem. We defined the complex approach as the interrelation and realization of the main parameters of the educational process (goals, objectives, conditions, principles, methods, techniques). Interdisciplinary links act as a didactic condition for the implementation of an integrated approach. The authors reveal the structural components of the integrated approach and propose a strategy for its implementation in the educational process of the higher school profile “Piano”.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):70-77
70-77
Analysis of experimental work results of philology students’ language personality development on the interdisciplinary approach basis
Abstract
The article deals with issues of the experimental work results on checking the effectiveness and efficiency of the philology students’ language personality development of the structural and functional model on the basis of the interdisciplinary approach. The purpose, objectives and methods of research on the philology students’ language personality development on the basis of the interdisciplinary approach are described. The structural-functional model including the target, theoretical-methodical, procedural-content and evaluative-effective blocks is briefly presented and described. The content of the concept of “linguistic personality of a philology student” is given and the main components of the linguistic personality of philology students, which are the criteria for its formation, are identified: cognitive, motivational-value, emotional, behavioral. Pedagogical experiment was carried out in three stages: ascertaining, forming, control. The pedagogical experiment study involved 80 first year philology students of Sevastopol State University. The certain tasks of each stage of the experiment are consistently described in the article. The diagnostic tools for each criteria components formation of the philology students’ language personality are described in the article. The author presents the dynamics of changes in the levels of components formation of the philology students’ language personality at various stages of the experiment. The obtained results in all groups at the beginning and at the end were processed using statistical methods: Mann-Whitney Utest, Spearman’s rank correlation, Wilcoxon’s T-test. The effectiveness and efficiency of the philology students’ language personality development of the structural and functional model in the educational process are confirmed by the results of the control section in the experimental group presented in the article.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):78-86
78-86
Creative techniques as a development resource of social and pedagogical practice
Abstract
The author states the problem of mass social pedagogical practice improving through the development of ideas and techniques of creative pedagogy. Against the background of the growing need for qualified social and pedagogical assistance and the expansion of the school social work problems, there is a lack of creative technologies in the arsenal of school social workers, and conversely their high effectiveness in specialized services with different contingents of minors. In the theoretical aspect, we give the definition of creative technologies, reveal their functions in solving social and pedagogical problems (developing, communicative, compensatory, rehabilitation, hedonistic, recreational). There is an interpretation of the creativity phenomenon as the goal and means of socio-pedagogical activity. The author gives the typology of creative socio-pedagogical technologies: audio-visual, musical-dramatic, visual, training, game, socio-cultural design. There is an indication on the expediency of including creative modules in the training program for bachelors of psychological and pedagogical direction. We are emphasizing foreign and Russian experience in the instrumental training of social workers based on art-pedagogical and art-therapeutic techniques. In practical terms, author analyzes her own experience in teaching the discipline “Creative techniques in work with minors”. There is an example of the creative product developed by students - an integrative artistic and creative methodology “Family Theater” for work with the minor’s family. Thus, we’ve made a conclusion about the need of mastering the creative tools and ideas of creative pedagogy for further technologization and humanization of social and pedagogical activities.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):87-94
87-94
Regional approach in the content of English language teaching at universities of Kazakhstan
Abstract
The importance of regional knowledge in the process of English teaching is increasingly being discussed by scientists and teachers in the field of teaching English. This study revealed a positive attitude of teachers towards the use of region-based materials. It presents the findings of a study on the use of local materials in university EFL courses. The study’s objectives were to examine English teachers’ views about using local materials in their university instruction and to provide recommendations for improving the EFL teaching process. The use of empirical research techniques enabled the identification of the challenges that teachers face when teaching, as well as their attitudes regarding the usage of local materials. Data were obtained through interviews with 21 participants, and they revealed teachers’ favorable opinions on the incorporation of region-based materials. Teachers were given recommendations for how to enhance the EFL teaching process at universities based on the study’s findings. Furthermore, the regional approach contributes to positive motivation and conscious mastery of a foreign language as a means of communication. In our case, the integration of local history materials into foreign language teaching will serve both as a means of raising the educational level and improving knowledge of a foreign language.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):95-103
95-103
DISTANCE EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
Formation of bachelors’ readiness to use distance educational technologies in primary school
Abstract
The problem of formation of readiness of future primary school teachers to use distance learning technologies is considered. Based on the analysis of the results of the survey of bachelors studying in the field of study 44.03.05 Pedagogical Education, the relevance of the formation of students’ professional competencies in the field of creating and using digital educational resources for organizing distance learning in elementary school is substantiated. The goals and key stages of the formation of bachelors’ professional knowledge and skills necessary for the successful application of the main forms of distance education are identified: offline (asynchronous), online (synchronous), online + offline (mixed). The article provides examples of analytical, design and constructive tasks that can improve the level of professional training of bachelors in the use of various platforms for productive interaction, as well as learn how to evaluate the capabilities of various ready-made learning task services in distance education. Particular attention is paid to the ways of preparing future teachers for the implementation of distance learning of junior schoolchildren with disabilities (HIA). The advantages of the synchronous form of distance education in enhancing the mental activity of younger schoolchildren with various health pathologies, as well as the possibility of building an individual trajectory for the development of the personality of a student with disabilities, are highlighted.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):104-111
104-111
Digital literacy of teachers: diagnostic result
Abstract
The digitalization of the education system poses several issues for interaction between teachers and students: mastering modern digital tools and resources, the safety of working on the Internet, education and self-education using information technology. These issues are especially acute in the process of organizing the education of children of primary school age. There must be teachers next to schoolchildren who are ready to form the digital literacy of students and who are able to provide digital mentoring. The goal is to analyze the results of diagnostics of teachers on the level of digital literacy development, the model of digital mentoring they implement, and its impact on the process of developing digital literacy among primary school students. The study is conducted based on the data obtained during the approbation by teachers of schools in the Perm Territory of the results of previous applied research on the development of functional literacy of students in the framework of the implementation of educational programs “Digital Literacy of Primary School Students” (State task No. 07-00080-21-02 dated August 18th, 2021, registry entry number 730000Ф.99.1). The study used such methods as the method of continuous correspondence survey, the descriptive method, the extrapolation method, as well as analysis, synthesis and generalization of the obtained data. During the first part of the survey, it was revealed that all respondents have fragmented, unsystematic ideas about the digital literacy of younger students. They may sometimes use this occasional knowledge in their professional activities while experiencing an urgent need for motivational tools and avoiding responsibility for the use of digital tools in their activities. More than 70% of teachers choose the “learning together” mentoring model. The model is characterized by: teachers’ awareness of the high potential of digital technologies; occasional use of digital tools in practical activities; understanding of the importance of cooperation with colleagues while working with digital technologies. The research shows the direct relationship between the levels of digital literacy of a mentor and a student: the higher the level of digital competencies of a teacher, the higher the likelihood of early involvement of students in digital technologies. The stated hypothesis about the systemic knowledge of teachers involved in the project on digital literacy of primary school students, and their use of different models of digital mentoring in their work, was partially confirmed. The issues of systematic knowledge about digital resources and readiness to use digital tools in the educational process in primary school require further study.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):112-123
112-123
PSYCHOLOGY
Formation of regulatory experience through participation in project-research activities of secondary school students
Abstract
The analysis of the concepts of subjectivity, subjectivity of educational activity, subjective experience,regulatory experience is carried out. Studies devoted to the formation of subjectivity in adolescenceare considered. The works of authors who believe that for the formation of subjective activity, independence,etc. are analyzed. qualities that characterize subjectivity, it is necessary to form a regulatoryexperience, which, according to A. К. Osnitsky’s approach is the basis of subjectivity consisting of interrelatedcomponents: value experience, reflection experience, habitual activation experience, operationalexperience and cooperation experience. It is concluded that the subjective experience is formed inthe process of cooperation with an adult and the optimal method of formation will be the design and researchactivities of students, as well as specially designed tasks aimed at developing the components ofthe subjective experience. The study was conducted on a sample of seventh-eighth grade students(N = 158). The dependent variables in the experiment were the following criteria: the general level ofpersonality subjectivity; attributes of subjectivity – activity, autonomy, integrity, mediation, creativity;parameters of regulatory experience. The effectiveness of the influence on the listed characteristics ofspecially designed tasks aimed at forming the regulatory experience of students and included in the designand research activities was studied. The tasks were aimed at awareness of activity, development ofplanning, stimulation of activity, the ability to make independent choices and analyze the causes of successand failure in activities. The obtained results confirmed the hypothesis of the study, while the maximumeffectiveness of the influence was noted on such attributes of subjectivity as activity and autonomy.Positive dynamics was noted in the components of subjective experience, the greatest changes werenoted in the experience of habitual activation, which manifested itself in the desire to independentlyperform theoretical tasks. The period of study at school is an important life stage in the formation ofpersonality, during this period there are many personal transformations, one of the main ones is the formationof the subjectivity of personality as the ability to be the author and creator of one’s own life. Theimplementation of design and research activities with students, the use of specially designed tasks at allstages of work on the project, aimed at the purposeful formation of components of regulatory experience,contributes to the development of subjective personality qualities of adolescents.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):124-133
124-133
Development of intellectual abilities in children with mental retardation
Abstract
The problem of the development of intellectual abilities in children with difficulties in learning and insufficient conditions for the realization of their potential abilities is investigated. It is noted that in recent years there has been a high growth rate in the number of children with mental retardation. The combination of various factors of biopsychosocial nature cause dysontogenesis of varying severity and forms of manifestation, which significantly complicates the diagnosis and qualification of the presence/absence of pathogenesis and, in fact, the very definition of the concept of “mental retardation”. The definition of the concept of “mental retardation” is clarified within the framework of which an experimental study of the development of intellectual abilities of students in specially organized conditions of additional education is carried out according to the author’s program “Intellectual Drive”. Attention is drawn to the methodology of the additional education program, which is based on a psychological and didactic approach to learning. A characteristic feature of the principles of the psychological and didactic approach to learning is their scientifically based combination of didactic and psychological patterns into a single system tool designed to optimize the productivity of students’ mental activity as a key task of education. The results of additional education of children with mental retardation under the program “Intellectual drive” are presented. Positive dynamics in the development of intellectual abilities of students with mental retardation has been revealed.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):134-146
134-146
Psychological understanding of literary and artistic creativity in various cultural and historical epochs
Abstract
The article presents an analytical review of the content of cultural and historical epochs associated with the development of scientific research on the psychology of artistic creativity. A retrospective of the origin and development of the prerequisites of the psychology of literary and artistic creativity as a new direction of scientific psychology is shown. The historical and cultural phenomena of psychological understanding of the manifestations of special abilities and artistic giftedness are discussed. Attempts are made to substantiate problematic issues of psychology of special (literary) abilities and literary and artistic giftedness in various cultural and historical epochs. The scientific contribution of representatives of the Russian psychological science in the formation and development of the psychology of literary specialties and literary and artistic giftedness, the study of the history of literary and artistic creativity is shown. It is shown that during the cultural and historical epochs in the field of psychology of literary abilities and literary giftedness, scientists have done a lot of work, but still have not received the expected and significant results. It is stated that the scientific development of the psychological foundations of literary and artistic creativity requires further thoughtful continuation. Attention is focused on the fact that in recent decades, the issues of psychology of literary and artistic creativity have again shifted to the center of scientific attention of literary critics and psychologists interested in the nature of artistic creativity.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):147-157
147-157
Psychological indicators of student satisfaction with interaction with curators of a new type – mentors
Abstract
A new role of a university teacher who begins to act for students as a curator-mentor is considered. Its characteristics are analyzed, which are becoming the most in demand at the present time in connection with the actualization of the problems of increasing the activity and involvement of all students in various types of activities (scientific, project, etc.) and increased attention to the individual support of the professional development of each student. Mentoring is described as a promising form of curatorship at a university that allows you to transfer knowledge and develop the necessary skills faster than traditional ways of interaction. Unlike the usual curator, the activity of the mentor is based on interaction, allowing the student to develop his subjective potential. The purpose of the article is to determine the psychological indicators of satisfaction with the interaction of students with curators and their empirical study in practice. The materials of an empirical study obtained on a sample of students (n=300) on the basis of the Tula State Lev Tolstoy Pedagogical University. Research methods: theoretical, empirical (questionnaires, scale estimates, ranking), data processing methods. The value judgments of students who have already had experience of interacting with a curator-mentor are revealed, a graphical profile is constructed based on arithmetic mean data regarding their satisfaction with various functions performed by traditional curators and curators-mentors, a rating of the most demanded functions of a curator-mentor is compiled. The results of the study can be used in the development of the institution of curatorship in universities from the perspective of different roles performed by modern teachers, when designing the activities of curators with students.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):158-169
158-169
Formation of students’ competencies assessment from the perspective of pedagogical psychology
Abstract
The transition to the Federal state educational standards has set a serious task for educational institutions of higher education to ensure the formation of students’ various types of competencies as an educational result. An urgent task is still to assess the level of their formation in students; this problem is particularly acute in the application of point-rating system evaluation. The article deals with the concept of formation of students’ competencies assessment organization in the process of current performance monitoring and interim certification in terms of point-rating system evaluation. The scientific and methodological basis of the system construction, which represents the integration of some modern approaches to the assessment of competencies, is considered. Classification of levels of students’ competences formation, correlated with levels of assimilation (According to V. P. Bespalko) is regarded. As the main criteria for assessing the results of the training, the conditions in which the components of the students’ competencies are manifested are under consideration. The role of the status of control tests in the assessment of competencies is shown; the classification of assessment tools by the level of novelty of the tests to be solved is given; the necessary resources for their implementation and the degree of independence of students’ actions are presented; a modified model of assessment of the results of training and the level of formation of the components of students’ competencies is proposed.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):170-178
170-178
Discussion on the Cultivation Path of Chinese University Students’ Psychological Capital
Abstract
In view of the unique psychological characteristics of today’s post-00s university students, under the guidance of three theoretical foundations – theory of free and comprehensive human development, the development theory of humanistic psychology, and the theory of happiness in positive psychology, Chinese universities consider the development of the psychological capital of university students as a valuable pursuit of psychological education in a new era. According to the theory of psychological capital, there are four proven ways to develop the psychological capital of students: people-oriented, respecting the basic status of students and increasing their sense of self-efficacy; interaction in the preparation of learning goals on the principle of personalized education; assisting in the regulation of the emotional state and in maintaining an optimistic outlook; cultivating willpower, increasing resilience to failure, and cultivating perseverance.
Pedagogical Review. 2023;(1):179-185
179-185