卷 12, 编号 1 (2015)
- 年: 2015
- 文章: 29
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1991-8569/issue/view/3061
Articles
EFFICIENCY AND STUDENT ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT
摘要
Effective learning activity as a kind of labor activity requires maintaining a high level of efficiency. This ability, along with indicators such as thinking, memory, attention largely determines the success of a student's digestion of educational knowledge. The results of the studies of the educational process in terms of efficiency are -analyzed. Researches were carried out on the basis of experimental data obtained by testing. It was found that the correlations between performance on the Landolt scale and academic performance of students are absent. This result does not mean that there is no relationship between performance and the results of one’s actions. It is obvious that such a relationship exists, however, for its detection it is necessary to choose appropriate research methods and find the parameters that characterize the effectiveness of, inter alia, training. Observations of trainees show that individual natural mechanisms of optimization and adaptation remain undeveloped, and the motivation, interest can only temporarily improve the efficiency of learning. Therefore it is justified the introduction of a special discipline aimed at training on maintaining a high level of efficiency as an effective way to improve the efficiency of not only the learning process, but also to work in a broad sense.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):6-11
6-11
PECULIARITIES OF INTERACTIVE ACTIVITIES IN THE FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING
摘要
The article deals with the problem of training qualified specialists in the process of learning foreign languages. To solve this problem, interactive forms of learning promoting socialization of student are proposed. The article reveals the concept of "interaction", the essence of which depends on the social situation, behavior strategies and objectives of participants in the process of joint activities. The main objective of using interactive tasks is creation of conditions for self-realization of students in the course of communication. The authors consider the features of the interactive tasks based on cooperation and development of a uniform idea. The tasks of this sort include: ranging, guided discussion, and problem solving. Ranging is an exercise in which students are given a task to get acquainted with the offered material, to comprehend the information contained in this material and to distribute it according to some definite criteria. Authors also note that the guided discussion is based on a certain topic connected with the text. The exposition of discussion formulates a perspective as a certain substantial component which can be developed in polylogue discussion.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):12-16
12-16
THE PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SYSTEM OF MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION
摘要
The article is devoted to the problem of the development of the system of multicultural education. The stages of the development of the system of multicultural education are shown. The main stages of the process are: the improvement of the technologies of multicultural competence development and the components of the system of multicultural education. The specific features of the education technologies and the principles are described. Russian scientists have made a few advances in research regarding the development of multicultural competence. The technologies are applied in higher education. Although there is a growing interest in the role of these technologies, there is still a big amount of multicultural conflicts, ethnic and religious intolerance. Because of this, it is necessary to find the new mechanisms to improve the process of multicultural competence formation. It is important to underline the necessity to improve the process of cooperation between the universities of different countries. That influences the process of the development of the system of multicultural education as well as multicultural competence. As the importance of integration has risen, the number of comparative researches has to be enlarged. Their goal is to develop the views on the world educational process, to see the further tendencies of the national education system improvement. The lack of experience is considered as the problem of the process of multicultural education development. The article focuses on analyzing the role of synergetic approach, one on the conditions necessary for the development of foundations of the system of multicultural education.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):16-23
16-23
THE ORGANIZATION OF EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES USING IT: TRAINING OF PEDAGOGICAL HIGH SCHOOL GRADUATES TO IMPLEMENT THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE EDUCATIONAL STANDARTS
摘要
The article examines the current issues related to the implementation of the second generation of federal state educational standards, the introduction of extracurricular activities as an essential component of the educational process. Main directions and objectives of extracurricular activities, their organization stages and practical use are observed. The authors emphasize the importance of information and communication technologies in the organization of extracurricular activities of students and in students’ achievement of educational goals. The evaluation of the rationality of using IT at all the stages of extracurricular activities is provided.In accordance with the professional standards of the teacher, a detailed analysis of teachers IT-competences is given (especially their pedagogical utility). Teachers of the department of information and communication technologies in education of Samara State Academy of Social Sciences and Humanities usually hold professional development courses. On those courses diagnostic tests of Samara region teachers’ IT-competencies are held. According to the results of those tests, it can be concluded that almost all teachers have sufficient level of basic IT-competence, but pedagogical IT-competence is at its beginner stage. The present research allows the authors to speak about the necessity of improving the teacher's skill and perfecting the relevant skills.The article notes the importance of different elements in the preparation process of future teachers, mainly the formation of their skills in organization of extracurricular activities using IT. Authors analyze the available experience of students training for using extracurricular activities in school. For example, the application of blogs, online communities, and online services can be used in organization of extracurricular activities with the students. In the conclusion, the authors point out the necessity of systematic work on forming university students’ skills in organization of extracurricular activities with the use of IT.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):24-32
24-32
THE FORMATION OF THE READINESS OF A FUTURE ENGINEER FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF PRODUCTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL RISKS
摘要
In the article the readiness for risk management is treated as an actual component of the engineering competence which determines the opportunity and productivity of the objective, conscious and competent activity which are in competence of the bachelor by the establishment of the character of production and technological risks and the solution of problems of localization, compensation and elimination of possible negative consequences of the activity of manufacturing enterprises. In the course of its formation, the maintenance of engineering education corresponds to the requirements of professional standards, innovative productions and risk analysis in industries; the practice of engineering education joins the methods of modeling and prototyping which are learnt by the students in the interdisciplinary educational and independent work, research activity and work practice during the interaction of students, teachers and employers.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):32-41
32-41
THE FORMATION OF TOLERANCE OF PROFESSIONAL FOREIGN LANGUAGE COMMUNICATION BY MEANS OF CROSS-CULTURAL BUSINESS GAMES AMONG STUDENTS OF SAMARA STATE UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS
摘要
The article presents a proven program of formation of tolerance of professional foreign language communication by means of cross-cultural business games among students of Samara State University of Economics. Within this program there were formulated the key objectives: to identify the readiness conditions of students for effective business coordination in the multicultural environment and to provide the formation of tolerance of professional foreign language communication with cross-cultural business games in the educational process. The efficiency of the proposed program of formation of tolerance of professional foreign language communication confirmed the reliability of the experiment results and the positive dynamics in the level of formation of professional qualities that help to carry out professional activities more efficiently and to take into consideration the personal touches of business partners, cross-cultural differences and ethnic diversity. The emphasis is paid to the methodology for cross-cultural business games, for the role of the teacher and the students. The authors describe the preparation phase of the game, the implementation phase and the reflection one. There is an example of one of the cross-cultural business games. They consider the fact that after using cross-cultural business games in the learning process, students’ level of forceful wordings to the business partners and colleagues decreases. The tolerance to uncomfortable professional conditions appears. Adaptive capacity to business communication increases. The graduates have a value system which will determine their future career.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):41-49
41-49
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF INDEPENDENT WORK OF BACHELORS (DIRECTION "STATE AND MUNICIPAL MANAGEMENT")
摘要
This article analyzes the theoretical and methodological foundations of the organization of independent work of bachelors. The ability of self-education is becoming one of the cornerstones of competencies that form the basis of education and training policy in the European Union. Competence is seen as a mixed model in the bachelor. Considerable attention is paid to defining the essence of the concept of "self-study". In determining the theoretical and methodological nature of independent work of students, the key markers of independent work were identified, however, the question of an exhaustive list of markers remains controversial. This problem is poorly understood and requires further research. Using the analysis of the theoretical basis of research, the contradictions arising from the organization of independent work were formulated, and the directions of the design of the educational process were singled out. The paper emphasizes the distinction between "self" and "self-study". The role of self-competence in the formation and the formation of a bachelor is indicated. The idea that self-educational competence is an integrative indicator of the degree of formation of independent work on the mastery of competencies of narrow section of a bachelor is grounded, these competences in training bachelors in the direction "State and municipal management" (hereinafter "SMM") being management competences. Implementing the provisions of the competency approach, the interactive, active, and information and communication forms and technologies should be widely applied in the organization of the independent work of bachelors 'SMM' . Such a view would be of interest to specialists in the field of management training. In conclusion, the idea that the organization of independent work will be more successful in an integrated approach in the formation of core competencies, as well as the implementation of the competence-based approach is stated.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):49-55
49-55
FEATURES OF FORMING THE PSYCHOLOGICAL SAFETY OF THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT OF AN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE
摘要
The article is devoted to the issue of finding out the factors of the psychological safety of the educational environment of an educational institute and the subjects of the education process. The relevance of the topic is shown from the point of view of the ongoing reforms and the modernization of all the levels of education. In the article, an analysis of research literature is given which allowed to single out the main approaches to the definition of the term “psychological safety of the educational environment”. The definitions of the terms “personal safety”, “factors of personal safety” were given. Two approaches were presented: the environmental and the personal approach which form the psychological safety of the education environment of an educational institute. The purpose of the research was to find out the possible factors of the psychological safety of the educational environment of an educational institute. 180 people took part in the research, among them the students and the teachers of Moscow medical college. In the research, the methods of “Psychological diagnostics of educational environment safety” (I.A.Bayeva) and “Diagnostics of educational environment psychological safety” (V.V.Kovrov, G.S.Kozhukhar) were used which allowed to define the relation of the respondents to the education environment of the institution, to evaluate the importance of the features of the education environment and how they satisfy the needs of the respondents, and to define the level of imuunity to the psychological violence during interaction. The results of the research allow to state the importance of the factors of the psychological safety of the education environment and their positive effect on all the participants of the education process of the education institute.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):56-63
56-63
DEVELOPING LEADERSHIP POTENTIAL OF STUDENTS OF THE DIRECTION "ADVERTISING AND PUBLIC RELATIONS" TO ADAPT TO PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES
摘要
This article discusses the techniques and strategy of the actualization of leadership potential of students of the direction "advertising and public relations." The relationship of the features of social and psychological adaptation to the efficiency of performing educational and professional tasks is analyzed. The importance of incorporating the leadership potential of students in the process of finding solutions to educational and professional tasks was studied. The results of a pilot study to determine the types of social and psychological adaptation are described and the structural indicators of the types are identified. The data on the changes in the level of anxiety, frustration and rigidity under the influence of the program of forming a constructive type of social and psychological adaptation are presented. The depth of the study of the phenomenon of social and psychological adjustment is analysed on the basis of different approaches in the works of Russian and foreign authors who examined the effects of external and internal factors on the success of the adaptation of the person in terms of social well-being, self-aggression, pedagogical support, demographic determinants. These issues are also addressed in the context of the results of development environment, the effectiveness of teaching and research, national identity, in terms of developing didactic methods. The necessity of updating the student’s leadership potential for success in professional activity by adjusting the type of socio-psychological adaptation is grounded. The professional space of the experts in public relations is described and the importance of participation in public education on the issues related to political, economic and social processes of the state, the ruling cabinet, strategic planning of the development of society, creating the political image of the leader of the state is emphasized. The relevance of the experts in the field of public relations in today's dynamically changing social environment is determined including the phenomena of social tension, political conflicts, mass migration due to the global economic crisis.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):63-70
63-70
FEATURES OF REALIZATION of the process approach in quality management systems of EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
摘要
The features of the realization of the process approach in quality management systems of educational institutions are presented at the article. The problems of the creating effective quality management system based on higher education institutions are considered. The different approaches to management are analyzed and the benefits of quality management systems based on the process approach and brought to the requirements of ISO 9001 (International standardization organization) are identified. The definitions of the terms "service" and "products" in relation to higher education institutions are given. The unique to the quality management system of the university processes are indentified and the possible indicators of its effectiveness and efficiency as an example of the Perm National Research Polytechnic University (PNRPU) are developed.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):70-77
70-77
PRACTICE-ORIENTED TRAINING AS THE BASIS OF MULTILEVEL FORMING OF THE PROFESSIONAL GRAPHIC COMPETENCES
摘要
He theoretical foundation of multi-level practice-oriented formation of professional graphic skills is presented. The paper contains the substantiation of the need for multi-level geometric-graphic preparation of saturated technological knowledge in the system, covering the period of study from secondary school to senior courses of a technical university. The features and conditions of realization of teaching graphic disciplines in modern conditions are distinguished. The technological nature of electronic geometric modeling, defining the creative nature of the learning activities of the pupils and students, is shown. Some patterns for basic geometrical graphic training in higher school associated with the need for adaptation of students are determined. The possibility and effectiveness of pre-university technological propedeutics based on electronic modeling in CAD / CAM software and the use of software-machine complex.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):77-84
77-84
SIMULATION OF THE PROCESS OF RESEARCH COMPETENCIES FORMATION OF TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES STUDENTS
摘要
The work is devoted to the modeling of the system of development of research competencies of students of technical universities. In the developed model its main components are highlighted. In particular, the fundamental target of the development of scientific-research work of students is identified, the main principles of its organization are singled out. The system’s strategic principle is the principle of fundamentality and professional orientation. This proves the key role of the principle of continuity. The main directions of research activity of students are defined as Humanities, natural Sciences, engineering, computer science and programming. The organizational and psychological-pedagogical conditions to ensure the effectiveness of scientific-research work of students are grounded. The expediency of the multistage forms of organization of research activity of students is defined, and the essential characteristics of each stage are disclosed. The phased development identified in the research competencies with specific professional training of students in technical universities is emphasized. Scientific knowledge is the backbone beginning in technical research, exerting a significant influence on the quality of graduates. The work also reveals the humanistic orientation of the research work of students.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):84-92
84-92
THE USE OF MEANINGFUL COMMUNICATION BARRIER FOR INTERPRETING EDUCATIONAL INFORMATION BASIS OF THE EFFECT OF THE LEXICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUBJECT
摘要
The article analyzes the structure and especially the impact on the participants of the communication process of the meaningful communication barrier. The elements of the process of business and friendly relations are identified and discussed from the point of view of psychology. The assumption is made that the trust and its parameters are the basis for effective communication. As parameters the sources of trust/not trust to the opponent are selected. The essence of the author's technology is not only a systematic approach to the allocation of substantial elements of the barrier, but in the emergence of the confidence parameters found in the existing barrier. The meaningful barrier was previously perceived as "filter" information. Now, finding additional elements and combining them into a single system, the author argues that the substantial barrier performs the function of interpretation of information, as received and sent. A barrier is a set of parameters that interpret and form the learned unit of the message. Later these parameters are combined into a whole message that is transmitted by the subject of communication to the object. The testing of the proposed technology was conducted at the Department of Humanities education SamSTU by processing lecture material. To check the viability of the proposed technology among students of different specialties (technical and humanitarian) SamSTU experiment was conducted. The
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):92-100
92-100
INTEGRATION APPROACH TO TEACING “pr IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS” USING TEXTS OF INTERDISCIPLINARY CHARACTER (FROM THE FIELD OF POLITICAL SPEECHWRITING)
摘要
The present paper concerns the issue of the “integration” approach to teaching “PR in international relations”. The problem is that there is a danger of stressing only one of the two main elements of the discipline, either the public relations or the international relations which can negatively affect the teaching process. The author suggests her own approach to teaching the discipline using texts of interdisciplinary character referring to the field of political speechwriting. On the one hand, these texts feature all the typical traits of a PR-text, as, from the point of view of pragmatics, they are aimed at modifying the behavior of the target audience. On the other hand, public speeches of world famous politicians cover the issues and events from the political agenda and, consequently, reflect all the key problems from the theory and practice of international relations.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):101-107
101-107
DEVELOPMENT OF INTEGRATED EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS IN THE FIELD OF PHYSICAL CULTURE AND SPORTS FOR PUPILS OF BOARDING SPORTS SCHOOLS AND SPECIALIZED SPORTS CLASSES
摘要
Modern Russian and foreign experience of training elite athletes and sports reserve national team shows the need for integration of the work of educational institutions and organizations engaged in athletic training. Getting exclusive education can be achieved through the development of a system of boarding schools of athletic profile. The article presents the principles of operation of boarding schools of sports profile, and also features the development of integrated programs and curricula for training of sports reserve without interrupting the educational process. Boarding schools of sports profile implement integrated programs that can adjust the performance of the educational process, to include the goals and objectives of other subject areas and to increase the volume of subject disciplines, such as "scientific subjects" and "Philology".
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):108-113
108-113
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES OF SOCIAL REHABILITATION OF COMBAT VETERANS
摘要
The chosen research topic is relevant, especially in recent times when the Russian and the whole international community is talking about the new "hot spots", that inevitably increase the number of people affected during or as a result of the fighting. More horrific consequences of these events can be seen in the usual "peaceful" life of former participants of military clashes and conflicts. Therefore, all the more relevant is the subject of psychological assistance to former combatants for their reintegration and rehabilitation into everyday life. Rehabilitation can have a temporary, but significant success, leading to a sharp improvement of the quality of life. The peculiarities of the personality of combat veterans and maladaptive manifestations of their behavior and their causes should be considered in the organization of their rehabilitation.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):114-121
114-121
FORMATION OF THE READINESS OF MASTERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECOLOGICAL CULTURE OF PEOPLE WITH LIMITED ABILITIES BY MEANS OF THE MUSEUM
摘要
The article is devoted to the professional education of masters in the direction 44.04.01 - Pedagogical education («Biological education») at natural and geographical faculty of PGSGA, in order to form the readiness for the training of physically disabled people. Training of teachers in a magistracy is a topical issue today due to the strategy of modernization of pedagogical education. The new content of the practical training of teachers according to the main professional educational program is directed at the development of the main competences specified in the professional standard. According to the main educational program representing a set of the normative and educational and methodical documents defining the purposes, the contents, conditions and technologies of realization of the process of training and education, the expected results, an assessment of quality of training of masters, the basis of formation of professional and common cultural competence of masters is formed. The main types of vocational training of undergraduates are: pedagogical, designing, methodical, administrative cultural and educational, research activity focused on the requirements of labor market. Thus, it is important that in the course of professional education of the future expert the skills of training of persons with limited opportunities of health directed at the formation of bioecological literacy of the students and their health and safety were created. The essential role in environmental protection, ecological education, formation of ecological culture of people with special educational needs is played by the museums whose main objective of work consists in the development of the identity of the person, his cultures, consciousness and thinking, carried out by museum means. In the conditions of modernization the museum carries out functions of the educational center and updates the content of biological and ecological education.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):122-131
122-131
THE METHODOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTION AS THE BASIS OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS
摘要
The article describes the methodological potential of industrial production in the aspect of professional training of future specialists. As structural components of the potential, three methodological points are indicated: technology as an integration component of the production process; the integration of science, education and production; the priority of occupational and professional values and goals in the professional development of the personality of the future specialist. According to the methodological data, it is suggested to look on integrity training and production process as coordinated interaction of the educational process at university and the production process in an industrial plant is proposed. The fundamental difference between training and production process from the conventional one, is that knowledge, skills, and competences are formed within the context of development of a complex and dynamic system of professional activity and thinking of the specialist. Under the conditions of market economy and competition in the market of goods and services methodological basis of training is to be the training of future specialists to work under the changing conditions of practical activities. Thus, the focal point is displaced from the formation of students' knowledge, skills, competencies to the mastering of the art of their application in accordance with production needs.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):132-138
132-138
STUDYING OF FORMATION OF PATRIOTIC QUALITIES OF STUDENTS OF A TECHNICAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTE
摘要
In the article a relevant problem of developing of patriotic qualities of students of a technical higher education institute, the formation of their spiritual and moral positions, and patriotism is considered. The analysis of results of survey among students is carried out.The list of the most expedient educational tools of patriotic qualities is provided.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):138-143
138-143
THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE QUALITY OF A TEST FROM A COURSE OF HIGHER MATHEMATICS ON THE TOPIC "LIMITS. DERIVATIVES"
摘要
In article the mathematical and statistical analysis of the quality of a test on a subject "Limits. Derivatives" is carried out. The most important characteristics at quality check of a test are reliability and validity. Three ways of calculation of coefficients of reliability are considered. In the first case the coefficient of reliability of a test pays off on a variation of test tasks on a formula KR-20. The second way of determination of the coefficient of reliability of a test is connected with the use of the average coefficient of the correlation of all tasks; thus the formula of calculation of coefficients of correlation was applied to dichotomizing data. The third way of determination of coefficient of reliability is based on splitting of a test on even and odd tasks and the determination of coefficient of correlation between these groups with the subsequent correction on Spirmen-Brown's formula. In the analysis of the turned-out results it appeared that the coefficients of correlation of all tasks meet the requirements of high quality of tests. As for coefficients of reliability, they aren't high enough. It means that it is necessary either to change tasks, or to increase quantity of tasks in the test. In the article, it is offered to change the test length. In this connection the size of frequency rate of such change is defined. In the analysis of a validity of a test as an assessment of coefficient of a validity of separate tasks the coefficient of correlation of each task with test mark of the student (the individual mark) - dot biserial coefficient of correlation was used. Its values, and also the value of the general coefficient of the validity of a test is estimated as averages therefore by way of recommendation it is offered to exclude certain tasks, having replaced them with others. In general the conclusion is that this test can be used as means for control of the level of knowledge of students of a subject "Limits. Derivatives" after the completion.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):143-151
143-151
CONSOLIDATING ROLE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF PSYCHOLOGY AND PEDAGOGY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EVOLUTIONARY-ACTIVITY CULTURE OF UNIVERSITY GRADUATES
摘要
The article is devoted to the actual problem - the formation of competitive human capital, which is the most important factor of progressive development of Russian society, the state and the economy. It is shown that in a post industrial society based on the innovation economy, on the continuous technological innovations in all areas, the basis of the competitiveness of human potential becomes evolutionary-activity culture. The fundamental approaches allowing, on the principle of complementarity, to implement the concept of evolutionary-activity culture, to govern self-development of the subject in the course of professional activities are defined. The components of evolutionary-activity culture are stated. It is concluded that the competitiveness of human potential can be achieved through the integrity of system management of components forming an evolutionary-activity culture based on technology and intellectual and informational support of professional activity of the subject. It is proved that the backbone role belongs to the psycho-pedagogical subjects cycle in the preparation of bachelors, specialists and highly qualified personnel to meet the modern requirements of the labor market and the needs of the innovation economy.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):151-165
151-165
Modeling of Continuous environmentAL education: a foreign experience analysis
摘要
The increase in public attention caused by ecological problems had a profound effect on environmental education. The policy document "Agenda XXI" adopted in 1992 expanded environmental education content towards education for sustainable development. Many countries, including the United States, began a comprehensive planning process of education for sustainable development. In the implementation of strategies of environmental education for sustainable development many developed countries used a coordinated comprehensive approach that comprises the participation of civil society, local communities, the scientific community. Despite the fact that in the US there is no single federal standard in the field of environmental education, each state has defined and uses eco-educational standards in relation to a particular region. On the example of environmentally oriented Ohio, the authors of the article consider conceptual approaches to the modeling of continuous environmental education in the United States. The article analyzes the foreign approaches to content, program design, implementation and evaluation of quality. According to the authors a special role in the development of continuous environmental education in the United States belongs to the "green" (sustainable) schools, whose creation gave a new impulse to the implementation of sustainable initiatives for the planning, distribution, implementation, monitoring sustainability and environmental education programs in schools, universities and local community.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):165-175
165-175
BUILDING RESEARCH AND EDUCATIONAL CLUSTER: EXPERIENCE, FEATURES, ADVATAGES
摘要
The relevance of the article is defined by the need to improve the quality of training of graduates of educational institutions in a deteriorating economic situation and the reduction of the funding of social programs. According to the authors, under these conditions, a multi-level training in the scientific and educational cluster is more optimal than the traditional, single-level training of students. The experience of the vocational training in civil engineering under the eduational cluster conditions is summarized. The goals of such cluster creation are defined. The features and advantages, in comparison with the conventional education, are defined. On the example of KSUAE scientific-educational cluster reconsideration of approaches to the curricula development are shown. The data over six years is given; concerning training of relative specialties, training at KNAUF company training center, created under the aegis of KSUAE. The article may be useful to scholars, studying vocational training, as well as to future employers, concerned about the quality of graduates.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):176-184
176-184
PRINCIPLES OF PROFESSIONAL SELECTION ON THE BASIS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF A PERSON
摘要
In the article the principles of professional selection based on professional characteristics are analysed. Professional selection is the choice of a specific person for the specific professional conditions. Professional selection aims not only to determine the presence of medical contraindications, but also to choose the profession of a person corresponding to a specific level of professional competence. The system of professional selection should be a "filter" that prevents the hiring of persons with physiological and psychological characteristics that do not meet the requirements of the appropriate technological processes and productions. The article describes the stages of professional selection (for medical reasons, according to the degree of professional suitability, the control stage). From the point of view of safety,the main directions of professional selection of the person (operator) can be taken: physiological, psychophysiological and professional direction. Each area in this case can set the features of quality assessment, which can be viewed and used separately or comprehensively. Every direction can have a number of properties, allowing to assess a person in a particular situation. The level of professional suitability is determined by the level of formation of professional competence (comprehensive assessment). Obtaining low level of formation of professional competence in the process of stage 1 of the professional selection, says that a student should be sent for retraining.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):185-191
185-191
USE OF THE PROBLEM SOLVING METHODIN THE EDUCATION OF STUDENTS TO DEVELOP COMMUNICATION SKILLS AT THE LESSONS OF A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
摘要
The article focuses on the problem of students’ education to develop communication skills with the use of the problem solving method at the lessons of a foreign language. The question of understanding the problem solving method in the process of students’ education with the involvement of different points of view of famous scientists in this field is considered. It is stated that the problem solving method is closely connected with the group one as acquiring of communication skills can’t be abstract, it is definitely aroused by the interest to this or that problem. Group communication is considered to be the basic form of organization of studies to enhance communication and lexical and grammatical skills. The role of students’ independent work in the process of enhancing their communication skills is determined. It is pointed out that the use of supporting teaching resources such as schemes and charts contributes to the situation development. Special attention is paid to the character of supporting teaching resources which determine the content of students’ independent work in the process of preliminary planning and further development of group communication. A variety of methods of students’ independent work while preparing for the discussion of a certain problem are emphasized. The stages of work are distinguished, the types of work are determined, different types of texts are given. It is stated that to acquire the skills of problematic questions discussion it is necessary to do special exercises in which the means of making sayings, formulating evaluation arguments, set expressions would be digested and which contributes to the development of students’ language abilities. Conversation all topics in which enhancement of communications kills is trained are given as examples. The importance of usage of the problem solving method which contributes to the development of communication skillsand allows to model communication in different situations is shown.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):191-198
191-198
SPECIAL ASPECTS OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY COURSE CONTENT OF WOULD-BE CHEMISTRY TEACHERS TRAINING IN PEDAGOGICAL UNIVERSITY
摘要
Analytical chemistry as an academic subject plays a significant role in would-be chemistry teachers training and alongside other disciplines it gives the students a solid foundation in their professional education. This is a new approach in chemistry students training which is in compliance with the contents of chemistry courses taught at higher educational institutions and at secondary schools. The findings of comparative analysis of modern programs of chemistry education at university and school are cited in the article. The evidence is offered to prove that the notions which are in compliance with HEIs chemistry courses (including analytical chemistry) are being given proper attention to at different school levels of chemistry learning process. The specific feature of modern analytical chemistry is the diversity of objects under study and methods of analysis; these call for improvements to be introduced to structure and contents of lecture and laboratory courses. The substantial reduction in quality analysis section has resulted in increase in the number of hours in general chemistry courses assigned for physical and chemical methods of chemical elements and biological objects qualitative and quantitative analysis. Research projects, environmental projects, project work activities and their adjustment to meet school program requirements are considered to be essential. Traditionally when teaching analytical chemistry to would-be chemistry teachers much attention should be paid to solving tasks; tests in assessment programming should be used to measure students’ competencies under controlled conditions. Under conditions prevailing in education, special attention should be paid to training and methodological support of educational process. Analytical chemistry course which would-be chemistry teachers are supposed to undertake while undergoing training at the University gives students the chance to put analytical chemistry theory into practice and to gain the experience of conducting scientific research.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):198-205
198-205
SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL PORTRAIT OF A SOCIALLY ACTIVE STUDENT OF A TECHNICAL HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTE
摘要
In the article the aspects of the researches of social activity of students are presented. The article reveals the relevance of the subject in terms of modern social and political situation, the priorities of education and the peculiarities of students’ age. The analysis of scientific literature has made it possible to mark the basic approaches to the term social activity, such as activity, attitude to life and personality. The characteristics of social activity are defined as social psychological readiness of a person to act, self-determinaton, involvement in social interactions, pro-sociality,etc. As social activity is not restricted to purely academic or professional activity, but also exists outside the educational institutes, it has become the aim of the researches to determine the social status, values and orientations as well as the personal qualities of socially active students of the technical university. The forty-two students of the machinery department, engineering and economy department and electrical engineering department took part in the researches. The main criterion of choice of potential participants of the researches was active participation in non-academic activity and voluntary organizations. As a result, the social-psycological portrait of the socially active student of technical university was formed. As a rule, it is a male, first-year or second-year student, having tendency to leadership, playing sports, taking part in cultural and leisure activity, as well as arts and voluntary organizations. He is mostly a good student. It is an extravert personality, emotional, creative, possessing leaders’ and communicative qualities, but with no high level of organizer’s faculties. The majority of them have an active position in life, independence, responsibility for themselves, and they consider their actions to be important factors in their progress. They are capable of achievingtheir goals in future, controlling their interactions with other people and to gain sympathy and respect at the same time. Their dominant values are universal, personal and social ones. The results of the researches will make it possible to find the most productive ways and forms of development of social activity of students of technical university in the future.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):206-210
206-210
PROJECTING OF THE INDIVIDUAL WORK OF STUDENTS STUDYING INFORMATICS
摘要
In the paper the peculiarities of the individual project work on informatics of the first-year students of the specialty 08 are considered. The important feature of informatics as a subject depends upon the wide distribution of means and technologies of informatics in all the spheres of the activity of people of all ages, that causes certain problems in the systematic study of the professional methods of work. The majority of graduates have no skills of planning and organization of individual work. The paper offers to narrow the university requirements on the basis of traditional university methods usage, and motivation and encouraging of individual planning and self-control. The attention is paid mainly to the laboratory work aimed at the formation of procedural knowledge. As means of self-control for the laboratory practice tasks we offer to use maps of self-control and control. Such maps contain the detailed description of skills and knowledge that should be learned by the student in order to get the planned competences. To plan the individual work at laboratory practice we offer to use the learning technological maps designed by students on the basis of patterns. On the basis of dialogue and group discussions the subject-subject relations are formed that encourage responsible attitude to the given task. Efficient combination of the usage of patterns as the results of practical work and creative search for the best algorithms and procedures allows to move to the formation of cultural and professional competences in the course of informatics step by step.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):211-220
211-220
THE THEORETICAL MODEL OF THE PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM OF FORMATION OF THE ABILITIES OF FOREIGN-LANGUAGE BUSINESS COMMUNICATION SKILLS AMONG STUDENTS OF THE BACHELOR DEGREE IN THE POWER INDUSTRY AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
摘要
The article is focused on the theoretical model of the pedagogical system of formation of the abilities of foreign-language business communication skills among students of the bachelor degree in the Power Industry and Electrical Equipment. The functional and procedural characteristics of each of nine links of model of the system are considered. Special attention is paid to the description of information and didactic base and the intensive pedagogical technologies of formation of the abilities of foreign-language business communication. As part of information and didactic base, in addition to the traditional basic textbooks and manuals in a foreign language, electrotechnical dictionaries, catalogues and prospectuses in a foreign language, Internet resources, the author's manual "Intensive English for Electricians" is also presented. The used intensive pedagogical technologies are classified by the form of the organization of the educational process, by the way of submission of educational information; the training in a group is got out selectively depending on the type of an educational activity in class in a foreign language (reading, writing, audition, speaking) and stages (a course, a semester) of training the students.
Vestnik of Samara State Technical University Psychological and Pedagogical Sciences. 2015;12(1):221-226
221-226