Vol 91, No 2 (2019)
- Year: 2019
- Articles: 22
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0040-3660/issue/view/1863
Editorial
Small intestinal diverticula
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Important problems in the diagnosis and treatment of primary sclerosing cholangitis (based on the Russian consensus on diagnosis and treatment autoimmune hepatitis. Moscow, 2018)
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
European registry Helicobacter pylori (Hp-EuReg): how has clinical practice changed in Russia from 2013 to 2018 years
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Rebamipide increases the disaccharidases activity in patients with enteropathy with impaired membrane digestion. Pilot study
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Prediction of features of the course of chronic hepatitis C using Bayesian networks
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Efficacy and safety of long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues in chronic hepatitis B
Abstract
Nucleos(t)ide analogues are first-line therapies for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. However, the efficacy and safety of long-term treatment and the necessary duration of therapy remains the subject of discussion. Aim. To assess the efficacy and safety of long-term treatment with nucleos(t)ide analogues in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Materials and methods. We conducted an observational study in 101 chronic hepatitis B (HBeAg-negative and HBeAg-positive) patients treated (≥3 years) with entecavir, tenofovir or telbivudine. Results and discussion. Treatment with entecavir and tenofovir was associated with high rate of virologic and biochemical response (>95%) and HBeAg seroconversion (93% and 67%, respectively). Cumulative rate of virologic resistance was 0; 3.1% and 43.5% for tenofovir, entecavir and telbivudine, respectively. Long-term nucleos(t)ide analogues treatment resulted in a regress of liver fibrosis (from 8.92 to 7.18 kPa, р<0.0001) and reduction in the number of patients with advanced fibrosis (from 48.1% to 13.8%, р<0.0001). Entecavir and tenofovir were safe and well tolerated, while treatment with telbivudine was associated with development of myopathy in 13% of cases. Conclusion. Entecavir and tenofovir might be recommended for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B because of having potent antiviral effect, high genetic barriers against resistance and good safety.
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Comparative analysis of bile acid spectrum in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and cholelithiasis
Abstract
Aim. Сomparative studying of changes in the spectrum of bile acids in bile in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cholelithiasis. Materials and methods. 140 patients were included in the survey: 50 - with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and 90 - with cholelithiasis. The diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was established on the basis of ultrasound examination of the liver, the elasticity and fibrosis of liver by using the sonoelastography and liver biopsy. The prestone stage of cholelithiasis was established on the basis of ultrasound examination of the gallbladder and biochemical examination of bile. The level of total cholesterol, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase were studied using the analyzer "Labsystems" (Finland). The spectrum of bile acids in bile is studied by mass spectrometry on AmazonX apparatus (Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Bremen, Germany). Results and discussion. Biochemical blood test revealed increase of cholesterol, triglycerides, cytolysis markers, and cholestasis, the most pronounced in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Biochemical study of bile showed increase of cholesterol, decrease the total amount of bile acids and cholatecholesterol coefficient in the vesicle and hepatic bile in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cholelithiasis. Mass spectrometry showed decrease the total amount of free bile acids (choloidal, chenodeoxycholic, deoxycholic) and increase the content of conjugated bile acids (glycocholic, glycodesoxycholic, taurocholic, taurodeoxycholic, ursodeoxycholic), the most pronounced in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Conclusion. Unidirectional changes in the spectrum of bile acids in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and cholelithiasis give reason to believe that the trigger mechanism in the disturbance of bile acids metabolism is the liver. Reduction of primary bile acids, imbalance of phospholipids and cholesterol disrupt the stabilization of bile, resulting in unfavorable conditions in the bile ducts to form stones.
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Possibilities of therapeutic correction of hyperammonemia and minimal hepatic encephalopathy in patients with chronic hepatitis C at the pre-cirrhotic stage
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Risk factors of unfavorable prognosis of chronic hepatitis C
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Prognosis factors of survival in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Risk factors associated with portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis: A case-control study
Abstract
Abstract
Background. Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in patients with liver cirrhosis is a common complication associated with adverse outcomes. The aim of the study was to build a predictive model for PVT in cirrhotic patients.
Materials and methods. A single centre case-control study was carried out. From the database of 1512 cirrhotic patients 94 with newly diagnosed PVT based on contrast-enhanced computed tomography were referred to the Case group. Malignant PVT was an exclusion criterion. Patients without PVT were stratified and matched according to sex, age and etiology of cirrhosis; case-control ratio was 1 : 3-4. The prevalence of PVT in the database, clinical, laboratory, instrumental parameters of the groups were evaluated. Logistic regression model was used to estimate association between variables and PVT.
Results. The overall prevalence of PVT was 6.2% with the highest rates among the patients with HBV infection – 16.7%, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis – 15.6%, alcohol abuse in combination with HCV infection – 11.7%. The best predictive model included variables: Child-Pugh classes B-C (coefficient of regression b=1.853, р=0.001), ascites (b=0.460, р=0.003), hepatocellular carcinoma without vascular invasion (b=2.126, р=0.0001), endoscopic band ligation (b=0.774, р=0.003), transabdominal esophagogastric devascularization procedure (b=2.734, р=0.001), portal hypertensive gastropathy (b=0.793, р=0.017), portal vein diameter (b=0.203, р=0.004), and local factors – ulcerative colitis flare, Clostridium difficile enterocolitis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, colorectal cancer, splenectomy, cholecystectomy (b=2.075, р=0.017). The model had accuracy 85.8% (95% CI 81.7-89.4%), sensitivity – 55.1% (95% CI 43.4-66.4%), specificity – 95% (95% CI 91.6-97.3%), and AUC – 0.871 (95% CI 0.826-0.916).
Conclusion. Child-Pugh classes B-C, severe portal hypertension, hepatocellular carcinoma without vascular invasion, and local factors were estimated as risk factors of PVT in cirrhotic patients.
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
The state of the immune system in abdominal sepsis
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Celiac disease associated with ulcerative colitis
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Capsule endoscopy for diagnosis of celiac disease
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
MutYH-associated polyposis
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
The use of Tofacitinib in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as a cause and consequence of cardio-metabolic complications. Role of the ursodeoxicholic acid in the pharmacotherapy
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Vitamins in diet of patients with metabolic syndrome
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Phenotype of obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease in the context of comorbidity in patients with cardiovascular diseases
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Ademethionine in the treatment of fatigue in liver diseases: a systematic review
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Role of intestinal microbiota in the formation of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)
Gene therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus: state of art
Abstract
![pages](/img/style/pages.png)
![views](/img/style/views.png)
![](/img/style/loadingSmall.gif)