Vol 46, No 3 (1965)
Emergency help for internal diseases
Abstract
With many internal diseases, such phenomena develop in which emergency medical measures are required to alleviate the condition of patients and even save their lives (for example, developing myocardial infarction or acute domestic poisoning). In other diseases, the question of the severity of the patient's condition and the urgency of medical care is decided by the severity of clinical manifestations, the occurrence of dangerous complications. Examples of such conditions are cardiac asthma with some myocardial lesions, complete atrioventricular block with Morgagni-Edens-Stokes syndrome with various anatomical processes in the His bundle, paroxysmal tachycardia, bleeding from internal organs, coma, etc.
To the clinical characteristics of patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (infectious nonspecific polyarthritis), due to its high prevalence and severity of the course, occupies a prominent place in the clinic of internal diseases. Advances in the study of the etiology and pathogenesis of this disease have led recently to the development of fairly effective therapeutic measures (therapy with salicylates, pyrazolone drugs, resoquine, corticosteroids, ACTH, gold preparations; antibacterial therapy; physiotherapeutic and balneological procedures, corrective operations, etc.). The rational use of these methods of treatment requires accurate and detailed diagnostics from the doctor, taking into account the type of arthritis, its clinical course, stage and phase, localization and pathomorphological forms of the inflammatory process in the joints, the functional state of the articular apparatus, and the nature of extra-articular lesions.
Clinical presentation and treatment of nonspecific infectious arthritis in children
Abstract
The increased frequency of nonspecific infectious arthritis in childhood, the severity of the clinical picture, often adverse consequences (ankylosis), a large percentage of errors in diagnosis - all this dictates the need for a comprehensive study of this disease.
Comparative data on electrophoresis of arterial and venous blood sera in rheumatism and rheumatoid polyarthritis
Abstract
The issue of tissue metabolism of proteins and protein-carbohydrate compounds in rheumatism and rheumatoid arthritis is currently the subject of a clash of opinions. It is closely connected with the profound changes in the paraplastic substance of the connective tissue, characteristic of "connective tissue diseases" (Klemperer, 1962), revealed in recent years (AA Tustanovsky, AL Zaides, GV Orlovskaya, 1960).
On the dynamics of antistreptolysin-o and c-reactive protein titers in various forms of rheumatism
Abstract
To assess the reactivity of the body in rheumatism, depending on the phase of the process in modern rheumatology, immuno-biological tests are widely used - such as skin tests according to V.I. Ioffe, the detection of anti-streptococcal antibodies, as well as indicators of the severity of the process - the determination of C-reactive protein and microbial antigen (V. Tsonchev, St. Kolarov, N. Popov, At. Karakashov). According to most authors (A.N. Nesterov, J.-J. Rappoport, etc.), antistreptolysin-O titers increase in the acute period of rheumatism, as well as in relapses. At the same time, there is a well-known correspondence between the dynamics of antibody titers and the activity of the rheumatic process.
Comparative evaluation of the micromethod of diphenylamine test and the reaction to sialic acids in the diagnosis of rheumatism activity
Abstract
In recent years, clinicians are increasingly using biochemical techniques to determine the activity of the rheumatic process in terms of tissue destruction. It is known that as a result of changes in connective tissue during an active rheumatic process, mucoproteins accumulate in the blood and tissues. The diphenylamine test and the reaction to sialic acids, used to detect active rheumatism, are based on the determination of mucoproteins in the blood. These reactions are based on the detection of one of the constituent parts of mucoproteins (E. G. Larsky, S. S. Mutin).
Rheumatism in adolescents
Abstract
Rheumatism in adolescents has a number of characteristic features. According to the observations of E.I. Zukerstein, in adolescents with rheumatism, heart lesions in the form of endocarditis (86.6%) with early formation of heart disease and circulatory disorders are more pronounced than in younger children. With each attack, the lesions on the part of the cardiovascular system increase.
Experience in active prevention of recurrence of rheumatism in children
Abstract
Currently, the majority of domestic and foreign authors consider rheumatism as an infectious-allergic disease. The close relationship of acute and chronic streptococcal infections with rheumatism is well known (D. D. Lebedev, A. V. Dolgopolova, E. I. Volkova, Lorenz, Stollerman and others). To prevent recurrence of rheumatism, drug prevention is currently considered effective, and, in particular, prolonged-acting penicillin preparations.
Diagnosis of rheumatism in persons over 50
Abstract
In the past, rheumatism was considered a disease of the young. Now rheumatism has "aged". Among the 5241 heart patients (1953-1963) observed by us, rheumatism (all ages) accounted for 39.3%, and rheumatism in patients over 50 years old - 5.1%.
Comparison of the effectiveness of some drugs in the treatment of epidemic hepatitis in children
Abstract
When treating children with epidemic hepatitis, we carried out a strict and prolonged bed rest. The diet provided for the elimination of fat in the first days, its restriction in the following and the predominance of easily digestible carbohydrates.
Oxygen deficiency in patients with epidemic hepatitis
Abstract
In recent years, works have appeared that indicate the development of oxygen deficiency in epidemic hepatitis (V. P. Bezugly, 1960; M. L. Orman, 1963; Z. Ya. Abdulkhadzhaev, 1963). However, this issue is not given due attention both in the study of pathogenesis and in the treatment of this disease.
To the clinic of chickenpox that joined the epidemic hepatitis
Abstract
The combination of chickenpox with other diseases is not uncommon, but in the literature available to us we found only one work with a brief description of the course of a mixed infection - chickenpox and Botkin's disease (V.N. Vertsner, 1960).
Prognostic value of electrophoretic study of serum proteins in destructive cholecystitis
Abstract
Until now, the issue of dysproteinemic shifts in the blood serum in acute cholecystitis has not been finally resolved. Existing studies are not numerous and deal only with some aspects of this issue, and the results obtained by the authors are often contradictory.
Surgical tactics for acute cholecystitis in persons 60 years of age and older
Abstract
The overall mortality rate among patients operated on for acute cholecystitis has significantly decreased in recent years and ranges from 1.3% to 2.4% (GG Karavanov and FA Spektor, Ya. I. Grinberg). However, when analyzing these indicators, it turns out that among those who died after surgery, the bulk of them are people aged 60 and older. According to B.A.Petrov, the mortality rate at this age was 12.2%, according to B.A.Korolev and D.L. Pikovsky - 13.7%, according to A.I. Masumov - 25%, according to B.M. Khromov and L.P. Vinogradova - 45%. Apparently, an explanation for this should be sought in the pronounced phenomena of atherosclerosis, the frequent presence of more or less severe concomitant diseases, a decrease in the body's resistance to infection and a decrease in tolerance to surgical trauma. The latter, when it comes to cholecystectomy, remains quite significant. Apparently, each patient should carefully measure the severity of the forthcoming surgical intervention with his general condition. It is pertinent to recall that even at the 17th-18th congresses of Russian surgeons S.P. Fedorov, E.R. Hesse, P.A.Herzen and N.N.Petriv suggested resorting to cholecystosmia in seriously ill patients. In subsequent years, due to the significant activation of tactics in acute cholecystitis, the indications for cholecystostomy were sharply narrowed.
To the diagnosis of cerazine reticuloendotheliosis (Gaucher disease)
Abstract
In 1882, Gaucher first described a disease called isolated splenic epithelioma. Later it was proved that this is not an epithelioma or a disease of the spleen, but a violation of lipoid metabolism. As a result of such a violation, the cells of the reticulo-endothelium (spleen, bone marrow, liver, to a lesser extent - lymph nodes) absorb the product of pathological lipoid metabolism - cerazine and turn into Gaucher cells. The second name of the disease is cerazine reticuloendotheliosis. R.D.Stern considers it to be accumulation reticulosis. The etiology of the disease is unknown. The disease is quite rare (50 patients are described in the domestic literature), often has a familial character (34% according to Peak) and is characterized by a long "ultra-chronic" course (more than 20 years). More often women are ill (75% according to Peak). The disease begins mainly in early childhood.
On the advantages of some anesthetic methods in simultaneous abdominal-perineal operations for tumors of the distal colon
Abstract
The main method of treatment of malignant tumors of the sigmoid and rectum continues to be surgical intervention. The most radical are recognized one-stage combined abdominal-perineal operations (S. A. Holdin, 196'5). Anesthesia during these operations presents certain difficulties, since these operations are very traumatic, accompanied by significant blood loss, and when they are performed, patients have to be moved from one position to another.
Some issues of diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer
Abstract
The availability of the mammary gland for examination and the developed characteristics of precancerous processes in it, along with a wide coverage of preventive medical examinations of women, could help to reduce the incidence of this form of cancer and eliminate advanced forms of the disease. However, unfortunately, there are still frequent cases of late diagnosis of such tumors, for which each of us, doctors, should consider ourselves responsible.
Plasty of the distal part of the ureter with a flap from the bladder according to the Van-Hook-Boari method
Abstract
Plastic surgery Van-Guk-Boari has a number of advantages over ureteroneocystostomy. Ureteroneocystostomy can be recommended only for injuries of the ureter at a distance of up to 5 cm from the bladder, while the Van-Hook-Boari operation can be carried out even with injuries of the ureter at a distance of up to 10-11 cm.Ureteroneocystostomy leads to vesicoureteral reflux with subsequent infection of the kidney, after the plasty of the ureter according to Van Hoek-Boari, as a rule, this complication is not observed.
Methods for stimulating labor with early discharge of water
Abstract
Early rupture of amniotic fluid is often a serious obstetric pathology that darkens the prognosis of labor for the mother and especially for the fetus. According to the summary statistics of N.I. Frolova, the frequency of operative delivery in this phenomenon ranges from 6.8% to 26%, stillbirth - from 3% to 11.9%, fetal asphyxia - from 3.1% to 20.9%, early child mortality - from 4.7% to 25%, postpartum diseases of mothers - from 4.6% to 22.6%.
Active detection of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women (based on materials from the city of Kazan)
Abstract
After the discovery of Toxoplasma in 1908 by Splendor in Brazil and Nicole and Manso in North Africa, a large number of reports appeared on the discovery of this parasite in many birds and mammals. It has been proven that both humans and animals have only one type of pathogen - Toxoplasma gondi. Most researchers attribute it to the type of protozoa (D.N. Zasukhin, 1956).
Diagnosis and therapy of urogenital trichomoniasis in men
Abstract
In recent years, the widespread distribution of urogenital trichomoniasis among men has been established. From 1960 to 31 / XII 1964 under our supervision there were 1584 people with trichomoniasis, of whom 1130 were sick with a fresh form of invasion and 454 - chronic.
Experience of using alloplasty in surgery
Abstract
In recent years, the possibilities of plastic surgery have increased significantly thanks to the use of synthetic materials. They are in the form of hard and soft plastics, threads, meshes and tissues are widely used to replace large defects in the musculo-aponeurotic layers of the anterior abdominal wall, diaphragm, for plastics of blood vessels, to restore the patency of the bile ducts, esophagus, trachea, during restorative operations on the bone system ...
Plastic surgery of a scalped head wound with a free skin autotransplant
Abstract
Among the various head injuries, scalped wounds of the soft tissues of the skull occupy a special place. These injuries often occur in women, whose hair gets into rotating parts of machines and mechanisms, which leads to detachment of various sizes and detachment of the scalp from the underlying tissues of the cranial vault and the formation of an extensive wound surface that requires plastic replacement.
Complication after presacral pneumoretroperitoneum
Abstract
M., 39 years old, was admitted on 18 / X 1962 with complaints of recurrent headaches, at times - dysuric phenomena. Ill since 1959 and is under dispensary observation by a therapist for hypertension. At the next visit, a large number of leukocytes were found in the patient's urine.
Complications during fibroids of the uterus and vagina
Abstract
In our clinic from 1946 to 1960. 1696 patients with uterine fibroids were treated, of which 1207 were operated. Among the complications of myomas, we observed fibroid necrosis in 63 patients (5.2%), edema - in 25 (2.07%), malignant degeneration in 5 (0, 4%) and hyaline transformation in 8 (0.66%). Necrosis of submucous fibroids was found in 40 patients, interstitial - in 19, subserous - in 3, and vaginal fibroids - in one.
Aortocardiosclerosis and orthostatic test with blood pressure measurement
Abstract
We examined more than 100 people aged 40–65 years. X-ray examination revealed aortocardiosclerosis. During the transition from the horizontal to the vertical position, the systolic pressure in these patients decreased by 20-40 mm, and remained low after 5 minutes.
Respiratory system diseases on the Kola Peninsula
Abstract
The climate of the Far North is uncomfortable for the respiratory system. When studying the general morbidity in 1959, 659 358 primary accounting documents were studied. The total incidence in various districts of the region is from 617 to 1519 per 1000 inhabitants. Mortality from respiratory diseases in various regions is from 3.3 to 6.8 per 1000. The proportion of respiratory diseases is from 3.6 to 7.3%. The incidence of bronchitis in regions among men from 23.21 to 58.62, among women - from 22.59 to 56.89: acute pneumonia - among men from 13.84 to 40.14 and among women - from 9.25 to 28 , 91 per 1000. The incidence rates of chronic pneumonia are relatively high - among men from 0.46 to 4.06 and among women - from 0.34 to 3.25. Pneumosclerosis was recorded from 0.06 to 1.60, and in three districts it was not recorded at all.
Sialic acid levels in antabuse psychoses
Abstract
Considering that outpatient treatment of chronic alcoholism with antabuse is becoming more widespread, we consider it possible to acquaint a wide range of doctors with the clinical features and pathogenesis of antabuse psychoses observed in our hospital (5 patients). They have a history of head trauma. Mental disorders have arisen acutely: in one - when taking only antabuse, in the rest - in connection with the course of treatment with antabuse-alcoholic provocations.
Foreign body in the bladder
Abstract
Here is our observation. Z., 37 years old, was admitted to the hospital on 16 / II 1962 with complaints of bleeding from the urethra, difficulty urinating, accompanied by pain and burning sensation due to the presence of the wire in the bladder.
Empyema of the ureteral stump with the presence of a foreign body and calculus
Abstract
Blind injury of the ureter and the presence of a foreign body in its lumen is a rare phenomenon. Until 1940, V.A. Gorash found 12 such observations in all domestic literature and added 2 of his own. In the "Experience of Soviet Medicine in the Great Patriotic War," 69 such observations are already given.
Conservative and surgical treatment of ureteral stones
Abstract
In the urological department of the 5th city hospital in Kazan, during the period from 1951 to 1960, 394 men and 281 women were treated with ureteral stones. In the right ureter, stones were found in 298 patients, in the left - in 357 and in 20 - in both ureters.
Severe venous pathology after appendectomy
Abstract
D., 53 years old, 10 / XII 1959 was operated on for acute catarrhal appendicitis in Kuibyshev-region. On the fourth day after the operation, thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins of both legs appeared, which later spread to the deep veins. Treatment with anticoagulants, dressings with Vishnevsky ointment, medicinal leeches, elevated position of the limbs did not give an effect. Edema of the lower extremities and pain gradually increased. Previously, the patient did not suffer from thrombophlebitis.
Generalized hemorrhagic vasculitis with intolerance to mercuzal and novuritis
Abstract
Mercury preparations of the organic series: salirgan, merkuzal, promeran, novurit, etc. usually do not give any side reactions with prolonged (up to several months) use (1. G. Antonov, 1954). However, some individuals have an intolerance to these drugs.
Malignant neoplasms in the practice of an infectious disease specialist
Abstract
In our clinic of infectious diseases during 1958-1962. 155 patients with malignant tumors were referred. In 47 of them, the erroneous diagnosis of an infectious disease was rejected already in the emergency room by the doctor on duty, who diagnosed pancreatic cancer in 15 patients, stomach cancer in 16 patients, lung cancer in 4 patients and other localizations in 12 patients.
On the use of zhen points in the postoperative period
Abstract
We applied Zhen therapy to combat various functional disorders and complications of the postoperative period in 103 patients. 98 of them had a pronounced therapeutic effect, 5 patients had no effect. Impact on the zhen points, according to our observations, is an effective method of treating various reflex disorders of the postoperative period. However, we combine Zhen therapy with other treatments as needed.
Features of the formation of an amputation stump depending on the method of bone processing during amputation of the lower limb
Abstract
Although amputation is one of the oldest operations, many questions concerning the technique of its production and functional outcomes have not yet been finally resolved. Examinations of the amputated showed that vicious stumps are found in 60-98% (H. N. Burdenko, F. A. Kopylov), in half of the cases, the viciousness is due to defects in the formation of the supporting end of the bone.
Ovarian cyst rupture combined with fallopian tube rupture in ectopic pregnancy
Abstract
K., 26 years old, was delivered at 23:00 20 / XII 1963 with complaints of abdominal pain, especially below the navel, general weakness, vomiting. She fell ill acutely at 12 o'clock 20 / XII. Pain appeared in the iliac regions, then throughout the abdomen, vomiting twice, general weakness. The last period was on November 21st. The stool is liquid, without any admixture of blood, free urination.
Treatment of epidemic hepatitis at the present stage
Abstract
The lack of specific information about the causative agent of epidemic hepatitis makes it difficult to develop the most promising etiotropic treatment. The unresolvedness of many important questions of pathogenesis made the pathogenetic basis of therapy controversial. As a result, the practice of treating epidemic hepatitis to date has been largely empirical. A large number of different recommendations have been published, often diametrically opposite. The methods of treatment, highly effective according to some authors, turned out to be completely ineffective and even dangerous in the observations of others (for example, the use of methionine, Sherlock, 1958; AF Bilibin, 1962).
Prompt restoration of hearing in case of otosclerosis
Abstract
One of the most common causes of hearing loss is otosclerosis - a disease that appears at a young, blooming, most working age, often leading to disability. Statistical data indicate a significant frequency of this disease (1% of the total adult population of the world, and according to some information, even 6-10%).
Accelerated method of laboratory diagnosis of colienteritis
Abstract
The method of bacteriological diagnosis of colienteritis is quite lengthy and painstaking. A positive test result can be obtained no later than the fourth day. In addition, when viewing 8-10 colonies from Endo's medium by an approximate agglutination reaction on glass with specific sera, you can skip exactly the colony that will give a positive reaction. Therefore, the development and application of accelerated methods of laboratory diagnosis of colienteritis is very relevant for the timely implementation of anti-epidemic measures and the correct etiopathogenetic treatment of patients.
Robert Owen on physical development and comprehensive human education
Abstract
At present, when physical development and all-round upbringing of a person have ceased to be only a theoretical problem and are already being practically carried out by our party and the Soviet state, the further development of this problem has attracted close attention of both scientists and practitioners of many specialties. This is understandable, since in order to make the eternal dream of the all-round improvement of humanity painful, it is necessary, both in theoretical and practical aspects, to study this problem in relation to modernity, which will help find a more correct way to resolve it.
Z.M. Volynsky. Hypertonic disease. Atherosclerosis. Rheumatism (clinical lectures). Ed. Military medical hordes. V.I. Lenin Academy. S. M. Kirov, L., 1964
Abstract
Lectures by prof. 3. M. Volynsky, which he read to the students of the Academy of the graduation course and doctors of the advanced training courses, were published in three small books. 10 lectures are devoted to the problem of rheumatism, the same amount to hypertension and 7 to atherosclerosis.