Vol 5, No 7 (2025)

Maxim Gorky's play «At the Bottom» had a significant impact on the development of the Arab theatrical tradition, becoming not only an object of stage adaptations, but also an important tool for comprehending acute social and philosophical problems. Themes such as poverty, social inequality, alienation and the search for human dignity proved to be close and relevant to Arab audiences, especially in the context of the colonial and post-colonial experience. Arab productions of “At the Bottom” have demonstrated the high potential of Gorky's work as a source for theatrical experimentation, creative interpretation and intercultural dialog. Arab directors and playwrights, adapting the play to local realities, emphasized the universality of its problems, while revealing the national peculiarities of the perception of social injustice. Thus, «At the Bottom» became not only an example of the artistic influence of Russian literature on the Arab theater, but also an important stage in the development of social realism in Arab dramaturgy. The play's influence is still felt today – it continues to inspire new authors, contributing to the formation of critical consciousness and stimulating public debate on issues of morality, freedom and social responsibility.

the article examines the key aspects of the poetics of "The Gulag Archipelago" by A.I. Solzhenitsyn – a work that has become not only a literary but also a historical monument of the era of Soviet repression. Special attention is given to the innovative nature of the book, which combines features of artistic narrative, documentary research, and journalism. The authors analyze the place of "The Gulag Archipelago" in the context of camp prose, Solzhenitsyn's oeuvre, and 20th-century world literature, emphasizing its role in debunking myths about the Soviet system. A central focus of the study is the analysis of the title, which metaphorically reflects the essence of the Gulag as an "archipelago" – a fragmented yet unified system of camps existing parallel to the "mainland." The work's thematic concerns include issues of dehumanization under totalitarianism, spiritual resistance, and moral choice. Significant importance is attributed to the system of images, where each character, whether a victim, executioner, or witness, becomes part of a larger tragedy. The article investigates subject-object relationships that allow Solzhenitsyn to merge personal experience with historical chronicle. Particular emphasis is placed on the spatial-temporal organization of the text: the camp chronotope is presented as a closed anti-world, where time flows differently and space is confined by barbed wire. The interaction of "own" and "alien" voices in the narrative is also analyzed, where the author's voice coexists with testimonies of prisoners, documents, and even propaganda language. Two interrelated themes are highlighted as the ideological core: the destruction of the human soul in conditions of violence and its possible revival through spiritual awakening. The authors emphasize that Solzhenitsyn does not limit himself to denouncing the system – he offers the reader a path to understanding the tragedy based on Christian values and historical memory. The role of the author is interpreted as multifaceted: he acts as a chronicler, researcher, and preacher, linking "The Archipelago" to the traditions of ancient Russian literature and biblical parable. The article draws on the works of leading literary scholars (Zh. Niva, A. Urmanov, V. Kuritsyn) and includes a comparative analysis with other works on the camp theme (V. Shalamov). It is noted that "The Gulag Archipelago" remains relevant not only as a historical document but also as a literary text, where form and content create a unique synthesis. This work represents a systematic study of Solzhenitsyn's poetics, encompassing genre, structural, and semantic analyses. The materials of the article may be useful for philologists, historians, and anyone interested in literature about totalitarianism and the artistic interpretation of the tragic events of the 20th century.

the article investigates the interconceptual links between forgiveness and apology in the Russian linguistic picture of the world. Based on the analysis of data from dictionary sources and examples of fiction text, the author demonstrates that their interaction reflects the uniqueness of Russian culture, including practical features of everyday communication and the metaphysical ideal of spiritual purification. Particular attention is paid to linguocultural markers: the role of etiquette formulas («izvinite» and «prostite») and their connection with Orthodox tradition and Russian mentality are analysed. The results of the study can be used to understand the Russian conceptosphere and clarify the linguistic consciousness of the Russian person.

the paper analyzes the monodictemic unparcellated introductory units in the literary works of the famous British short story writer Katherine Mansfield. A monodictemic unparcellated introductory unit is a structurally uncomplicated elementary type of the beginnings of a literary work, graphically framed in one paragraph and united by one microtheme. The introductory segment of the short story is considered on the concept of a dicteme, which has a specific textual function. Scientific research in the field of paradigmatic syntax, one of the directions of which was the doctrine of the dictemic organization of the text, opened up additional possibilities for studying the individual style of the author of a literary work. Thus, the work allows us to look at the problem of describing the writer’s individual style from a new perspective, considering it from the standpoint of the syntactic theory of the text. This is the novelty of the conducted research. The purpose of this work is to study the text-organizing potential of a single-dicteme unparcellated introductory unit in K. Mansfield’s stories. As a result of the analysis of the practical material, the frequency of single-topic unparcellated introductory units in the works of the English writer was disclosed, structural and thematic variants of the introductory units of this type were identified, the features of their organization were revealed, and their text-organizing potential was described.

this article explores the complex linguistic and legal analysis of the terms of international air law. It reveals the structural features of international aviation-legal acts, emphasizing the role of specialized terminology and language standardization in ensuring legal certainty and aviation safety. The article analyzes the terminological, syntactic, and pragmatic characteristics of normative legal acts. It examines the principles of legal interpretation in a multilingual legal environment and the influence of language on the formation of regulatory regimes in international aviation. The conclusion emphasizes the necessity of a systematic approach to the linguistic support of international air law in the era of technological and geopolitical transformations.

the article examines the onomastic realities of Suzanne Collins' trilogy The Hunger Games, functioning within the framework of the dystopian genre. The analysis demonstrates that anthroponyms, toponyms, names of objects, institutions, events, and biological species are key elements in creating an alternative world – Panem. Special attention is paid to the etymology and symbolic meaning of the anthroponyms of the main characters, such as Katniss Everdeen and Peeta Mellark, as well as the analysis of the author's neologisms reflecting the themes of control, violence and resistance. The paper is based on the classification by A.V. Superanskaya, onyms are classified on the base of the designated object nature. Anthroponyms and toponyms are most represented in the novels due to the genre specifics of the work and the author's goal to create a deeply elaborated and recognizable fictional reality. As a result, the study reveals how linguistic means, onyms in particular, contribute to the realization of the author's idea and an in-depth understanding of the socio-cultural and political realities of the dystopian world.

zoonyms, as words denoting animals, represent a special category of vocabulary characterized by a variety of motivating features. The article examines the motivating features of zoonyms in Russian and Indonesian popular science texts, using a lexicological approach. Particular attention is paid to the comparative analysis of the use of zoonyms in the Russian and Indonesian languages, identifying similar and distinctive features in their motivating features. The study is aimed at the specific features of the motivation of zoonyms in the context of different language systems, as well as to trace how the motivator (the main reason for the formation of meanings) influences the perception and use of such words in popular science texts.

the article presents a comprehensive study of the linguistic and cultural-pragmatic aspects of translating Soviet political texts, based on material from F. Chuev’s book One Hundred and Forty Conversations with Molotov (1991) and speeches by key Soviet leaders: V.I. Lenin, I.V. Stalin, and L.I. Brezhnev. The primary focus is on analyzing strategies for rendering ideologically charged vocabulary, metaphors, cultural-specific concepts (realia), and syntactic structures characteristic of Soviet political discourse. The methodological framework includes a comparative analysis of originals and translations, a contextual approach to interpreting ideological terminology, and a linguo-stylistic examination of rhetorical devices. The results demonstrate that successful translation of Soviet texts requires not only linguistic precision but also a profound understanding of historical-cultural context and the pragmatic objectives of communication. Specifically, it is shown that calquing ideological terms and literal translation of metaphors help preserve the rhetorical force of the originals. Special attention is given to the adaptation of Soviet realia, where a combination of transliteration and contextual explanations ensures their integration into foreign-language contexts. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of guidelines for translators working with historical-political texts, as well as in providing tools for analyzing Soviet discourse within cultural and historical research frameworks. The article contributes to interdisciplinary scholarship by integrating methods from linguistics, history, and translation studies, while also opening avenues for further exploration of the reception of Soviet rhetoric in international academic discourse.

the article examines the conceptualization of axiological dominants in literary discourse. The aim is to study the conceptualization of humanism in the novel "The Golden Chain" by Russian writer Alexander Green. Research methods: frequency analysis, contextual analysis, linguistic and hermeneutic analysis. The discourse is presented as an actualization of the interaction of text structures with extralinguistic factors, which is crucial for the processes of perception and understanding of information. The main points of the fictional world are the key words (key concepts) that define the axiological dominants and the conceptual sphere of fictional unity. Correlative connections arise between the conceptual paradigm and the heuristic potential, which play an important role in the process of studying fictional discourse. The fundamental concepts determine the functioning features of fictional discourse. Frequency words and analysis of the vocabulary and text make it possible to identify thematic groups considered from the perspective of an idea (S.G. Vorkachev). They include the following concepts: friendship, love, home, time, word, action. As a result, important categories based on humanism are identified. The meanings representing the concepts are revealed. The given examples illustrate the statements under consideration. The results of the research can be used in educational courses on language theory, discourse theory, stylistics, text interpretation. The data obtained can be used in the process of studying the conceptual sphere of fictional discourse.

this study reviews and explores the integration of information technology in linguistics, emphasizing its role in analyzing digital data and facilitating innovative computational models designed for linguistic analysis. The authors identified the interaction between software engineering and linguistics in creating systems for educational, professional and automated language processing, including lexical and phonetic aspects. The study focuses on the study of computational linguistics, the use of digital tools and systems for the effective processing of linguistic data. Innovative approaches to knowledge acquisition and language analysis are considered, emphasizing their practical application in modern linguistic practices. The results show that the application of information technology in linguistics increases the adaptability and efficiency of language systems. This includes advances in computational models capable of automatically processing and analyzing language, reflecting modern trends of globalization and cultural activation.

this study offers a methodological rethinking of euphemism as a dynamic, context-dependent, and functionally charged phenomenon that extends beyond the traditional lexical-semantic approach. Euphemism is viewed not as an isolated linguistic unit, but as an element of a broader communicative process embodied in the form of euphemistic discourse. The article proposes a new understanding of euphemistic discourse, defined as a set of linguistic, cognitive, and pragmatic strategies aimed at mitigating, circumventing, and adapting socially sensitive information within modal and normative constraints. Within the framework of cognitive-discursive and pragmatic approaches, euphemism is analyzed as a means of communicative regulation, ensuring a balance between personal affect, institutional restraint, and the demands of public acceptability. As an empirical basis, the article examines a fragment from an interview with Prince Harry, rich in euphemistic strategies that illustrate the mechanisms of adapting speech behavior in conditions of public vulnerability and social tension. The analysis demonstrates that euphemization in this context serves not only a communicative but also a representational and ethical-protective function, highlighting the potential of euphemistic discourse as a multi-layered form of symbolic interaction.

the article explores the semantic features of Lak paremiological units based on Lak folklore and Abakar Mudunov's novel «Fire in the Blood» («Oittuvu larkhassa cIu»), examines the place of curses, blasphemies and grudges in the circle of stable expressions of the Lak language. It is pointed out that the paremiological units (curses, well-wishes and ill wishes) of the Lak language are characterized by imagery and emotionality.

the article is devoted to the comparative analysis of meteorological phraseological units (PU) in the Russian and Chinese languages based on cognitive linguistics and linguacultural approach. The purpose of the study is to identify allomorphism and isomorphism in metaphorical models reflecting the perception of natural phenomena in different cultures. As the study showed, the phraseological units of the Russian language reflect personal experience, reflected in familiar life situations. In the Chinese language, weather phenomena are integrated into a complex conceptual system, in which the natural is not so much a part of the description as a way of organizing meanings.