On some features of the poetics of A.I. Solzhenitsyn's book "The Gulag archipelago"

the article examines the key aspects of the poetics of "The Gulag Archipelago" by A.I. Solzhenitsyn – a work that has become not only a literary but also a historical monument of the era of Soviet repression. Special attention is given to the innovative nature of the book, which combines features of artistic narrative, documentary research, and journalism. The authors analyze the place of "The Gulag Archipelago" in the context of camp prose, Solzhenitsyn's oeuvre, and 20th-century world literature, emphasizing its role in debunking myths about the Soviet system. A central focus of the study is the analysis of the title, which metaphorically reflects the essence of the Gulag as an "archipelago" – a fragmented yet unified system of camps existing parallel to the "mainland." The work's thematic concerns include issues of dehumanization under totalitarianism, spiritual resistance, and moral choice. Significant importance is attributed to the system of images, where each character, whether a victim, executioner, or witness, becomes part of a larger tragedy. The article investigates subject-object relationships that allow Solzhenitsyn to merge personal experience with historical chronicle. Particular emphasis is placed on the spatial-temporal organization of the text: the camp chronotope is presented as a closed anti-world, where time flows differently and space is confined by barbed wire. The interaction of "own" and "alien" voices in the narrative is also analyzed, where the author's voice coexists with testimonies of prisoners, documents, and even propaganda language. Two interrelated themes are highlighted as the ideological core: the destruction of the human soul in conditions of violence and its possible revival through spiritual awakening. The authors emphasize that Solzhenitsyn does not limit himself to denouncing the system – he offers the reader a path to understanding the tragedy based on Christian values and historical memory. The role of the author is interpreted as multifaceted: he acts as a chronicler, researcher, and preacher, linking "The Archipelago" to the traditions of ancient Russian literature and biblical parable. The article draws on the works of leading literary scholars (Zh. Niva, A. Urmanov, V. Kuritsyn) and includes a comparative analysis with other works on the camp theme (V. Shalamov). It is noted that "The Gulag Archipelago" remains relevant not only as a historical document but also as a literary text, where form and content create a unique synthesis. This work represents a systematic study of Solzhenitsyn's poetics, encompassing genre, structural, and semantic analyses. The materials of the article may be useful for philologists, historians, and anyone interested in literature about totalitarianism and the artistic interpretation of the tragic events of the 20th century.

Solzhenitsyn, "The Gulag Archipelago, " poetics, camp prose, totalitarianism, chronotope, system of images, author's position, historical memory