Vol 19, No 3 (2017)

The service on Navy is associated with impact on seamen of various adverse factors of a physical, chemical, biological, social and psychological origin that promotes development in them of the professional caused pathology. The naval therapy is one of sections of naval medicine is engaged in the prevention, diagnostics and treatment of internal diseases on Navy in peace and a wartime. At department of naval therapy of Military Medical Academy (Russia) the special attention is paid to pathology of deep-sea specialists. In article are described the cases of diseases, the results of scientific research in this group of seamen. Are stated the offers concerning improvement of Navy's therapeutic providing in this and other current directions (4 figs., bibliography: 15 refs).

Objective. Stratify the risk of sudden cardiac death in the military, depending on the findings of the medical examination of cardiac rhythm and conduction disorders. Materials and methods. An analysis of medical documents of 254 servicemen, recognized by the military medical commission (therapeutic) profile of the S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy, that are limited to fit and not fit for military service, was conducted. Based on the classification of the risk of sudden cardiac death, proposed by R. Fogoros, the stratified military personnel were assessed for the risk of sudden cardiac death, based on the cardiac arrhythmias. Results of the study. According to the results of the work, it is shown that every third serviceman, recognized by the military medical commission as being limited to fit or not fit for military service, was recognized as such because of his cardiac arrhythmias and conduction. Only 13.2% of military personnel with cardiac rhythm and conduction disorders had a structurally normal heart. 51.8% of the surveyed military personnel with cardiac arrhythmias and conduction had a low risk of sudden death, 42.2% had an average risk of sudden cardiac death, and 6% had a high risk. Conclusion. The system of medical examination of servicemen based on the results of the survey allows stratification of military personnel in the risk of sudden cardiac death and, subject to this, make a legally meaningful decision on its category of fitness for military service (4 tables, bibliography: 8 refs).

Currently, in connection with the development of methods for genetic studies, increased attention to the problem of sudden death and its prevention. The majority of stops cardiac activity occur without prior symptoms and is almost always fatal despite resuscitation. At a young age cause of sudden cardiac death often remains unclear even after autopsy, because some diseases, such as channelopathies, or drug-arrhythmia, not associated with any structural changes of the cardiovascular system and result in death in this age group. In recent years, technological progress in the field of genetics has facilitated the study of a large number of genes, which allowed to map several key genes with the reasons for the development of sudden cardiac death, which may allow the stratification of risk in young individuals based on the genetic data (2 figs, bibliography: 38 refs).

As a result of the study of the dynamics of nutritional and immune status in patients with severe trauma in the first 30 days of the posttraumatic period, the interrelations between the parameters of metabolism and the immune system were revealed and the predominant influence of a number of nutrients on the state of the various type of immune response was revealed. Data were obtained indicating the change in the need for immunonutrients at different times from the moment of injury. Prospective approaches to nutritional immunocorrection in patients with trauma, consisting in the differential use of separate nutrients at different period after trauma, have been identified (9 figs, bibliography: 9 refs).

The full-thickness wounds and burns of skin remain the current health care issue, which requires treatment by different methods of dermepenthesis. Nowadays, 3D-bioprinting technology allows to obtain experimental skin substitutes with formation of functional intercellular contacts, controlled extracellular matrix structure, the keratinocytes differentiation and neovascularization potential while the implantation into experimental wounds of laboratory animals. The aim of this study is to learn and compare actual 3D-bioprinting technical approaches for creating artificial skin substitutes and laboratory methods to study the characteristics of the resulting tissue (bibliography: 24 refs).

In the presented material, a description of the hardware-software complex for assessing a person's psychophysiological state is given. Its main technical characteristics are indicated, including the ability for the user to fill the classifier with target templates that are to be identified in real time. The subject areas are indicated, in which the use of biometric video analytics systems is expedient for increasing the labor productivity of the corresponding specialist (bibliography: 15 refs).

Hospital vessels are considered as the mobile multidisciplinary medical organizations on the sea battlefield. At the same time hospital vessels are used in daily conditions: for medical support of staff of ship groups of forces of the fleet in distant sea and ocean zones; for medical support in the remote areas of the coast and island territories; for medical support of oil industry workers, field men, fishermen, etc. Forms and ways of use of hospital courts according to modern requirements, taking into account modernization and development of the fleet are analysed (11 figs, bibliography: 13 refs).