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Volume 46, Nº 6 (2025)
Theoretical and metodological problems in psychology
THE DEVELOPMENT OF L.I. ANTSYFEROVA’S IDEAS IN CONTEMPORARY RESEARCH ON HUMAN RESILIENCE
Resumo
The article is devoted to the analysis of L.I. Antsyferova’s ideas reflected in contemporary works on the study of human resilience. It is noted that her research remains relevant and forms the foundation for the development of many areas of modern psychology. Studies on the psychology of thinking based on “problem-solving” models are compared with works on human resilience. The phenomenology of difficult situations according to L.I. Antsyferova correlates with the most important concept of resilience — not only enduring a challenging life situation but emerging from it with a renewed sense of one’s ability to live despite life’s circumstances. The dynamic approach to studying personality from the perspective of developing human resilience as an adaptive dynamic system is analyzed. It is shown that Antsyferova’s ideas on lifelong learning rely on human resources and resilience in acquiring new skills during career changes. The conclusion highlights the enduring value of her research, which can serve as a methodology for studies on human resilience.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):5–13
5–13
Social psychology
THE REPUTATION OF AN ORGANIZATION IS A SYSTEM-FORMING SIGN OF THE CONSOLIDATION OF SOCIAL CAPITAL
Resumo
The reputational component of accumulated organizational social capital is regarded as its system-forming feature, bridging the external and internal environments and enabling effectiveness prediction. A theoretical and empirical study of organizational reputation’s role within consolidated social capital. Organizational reputation serves as the system-forming factor in social capital consolidation. “Components of Organizational Reputation”, “Components of Organizational Social Capital”, “Organizational Commitment (Loyalty) Questionnaire”, “Trust in the Organization Scale”, “Marlowe—Crowne Social Desirability Scale”. n = 300 (121 men, 179 women; aged 19–71, M = 40). Reputation is the key indicator in assessing social capital consolidation. The reputational component acts as a system-forming factor in organizational social capital consolidation. Structural interrelations confirm its role as an indicator of socio–psychological well-being. Commitment level mediates gender differences in reputation maintenance willingness. The predictive model identifies reputation drivers — organizational commitment and employee gender. Russian organizations exhibit high social capital consolidation. Reputation serves as a starting point for exploring intersections between social capital and other organizational phenomena.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):14–24
14–24
Psychology of personality
EXTREME EVERYDAY LIFE AND EXISTENTIAL EXPERIENCE: POSSIBLE VARIANTS OF CONNECTION2
Resumo
A changing and uncertain society leads to the need to combine everyday life, habitual activities with new values that arise during changes and with tolerance for this variability and uncertainty. Different types of uncertainty lead to complex, difficult life situations, but at the same time, they can also lead to the development of the ability to overcome difficulties, cope with extreme situations. In this situation one of the main factors often becomes the ability to rise above the field, to overcome everyday life in order to self-actualize and find the courage for self-change. The goal was to study the sources of the emergence of extreme everyday life and its connection with situational, personal and individual qualities – existential fulfillment, the ability to self-distancing and freedom, as well as extroversion. The selected methods are adequate to the questions posed in the work. The study involved 124 respondents aged 19 to 29, including 63 men and 61 women. Results Overall, the results showed a high level of emotional stability and development of life-meaning orientations with an external locus of control and moderate risk tendency. Risk tendency correlates positively with agreement and openness to experience, but negatively with such personal characteristics as personality and fulfillment. Extreme behavior can become everyday life in case of the desire for new sensations and openness to new experiences. In combination with an external locus of control in life, this lane of personal development leads to an extreme version of a lifestyle that does not become coping, but to some extent helps to socialize in a changing reality. However, the desire for risk is not the primary form of behavior for most young people in our sample, leading to moderate extreme level, that is, extreme everyday life.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):25–34
25–34
Cross-cultural psychology
MUSIC PERCEPTION BY RUSSIAN AND THAI AUDIENCES
Resumo
The study aims at determining invariant and variative, mediated by mentality, peculiarities of semantic assessment of national and classical musical compositions by listeners of adolescence. The survey included 528 people: Russian and Thai university and school students with no musical acquirements. Using the method of the semantic differential, they evaluated eight musical compositions both Russian and Thai, arranged according to a genre. The data received were handled with the help of the factor analysis and the Mann–Whitney U Test. It has been found that aesthetic features of music determine the way an audience perceives it irrespective of nationality; mental mediation is correlated with the general mode of emotional evaluation and cognitive complexity of musical composition adaptation; perception of classical music by individuals from different cultures is more unified than that of folk music.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):35-45
35-45
Psychology and the internet
LINGUISTIC AND SEMANTIC MARKERS OF DESTRUCTIVE COMMUNICATIVE BEHAVIOR OF ADOLESCENTS IN SOCIAL NETWORKS
Resumo
The communicative behavior of teenagers is shifting to the digital social space, namely, to social networks and messengers. In the context of the digital social space, the effect of online disinhibition occurs, manifested in a decrease in users’ self-control and a weakening of internal prohibitions (norms, rules) in the context of anonymous communication. Communicative behavior in the digital social space is implemented meaningfully and structurally in the form of speech messages. A significant proportion of speech units are expressed in the form of non-constructive patterns, which may be markers of destructive communicative behavior of adolescents in social networks. This article is aimed at studying the linguistic and semantic markers of destructive communicative behavior of adolescents in social networks. The study was conducted in the Telegram messenger in a chat where teenagers participate in three stages: data collection in the form of speech messages and their linguistic and semantic analysis; analysis and systematization of quantitative and qualitative data; interpretation and discussion of the results. The research methods used were the method of functional pragmatics, as a type of content analysis, methods of descriptive statistics (frequency and proportion analysis, analysis of averages) and correlation statistics (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient). As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the size of the speech message is 3.9 ± 2.5 linguistic units (number of words). A significant simplification of the linguistic structure of speech messages in the digital social environment has been recorded. In all parts of speech, the presence of obscene vocabulary is recorded, the occurrence of which varies from 12 to 60%, which indicates the generalization of this phenomenon in communicative behavior in the digital social environment. Obscene vocabulary plays a significant role in the communicative behavior of adolescents on social networks. As a result of the conducted research, markers and predictors of destructive communicative behavior in the digital social space were identified.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):46-56
46-56
History of psycology
W.K. GAIDA IN THE ELUSIVE DIMENSIONS OF THE HUMAN SOUL
Resumo
The article is a scientific-historical study dedicated to the biography, personal qualities, and professional achievements of Werner Karlovich Gaida, a renowned representative of the practical branch of the Leningrad psychological school, doctor of psychological sciences, and professor. His extraordinary personal qualities and pronounced pedagogical talent are highlighted. The article examines V.K. Gaida’s role in the work of the academic and pedagogical team at the Faculty of Psychology of Leningrad State University, as well as his contributions to the cognitive research direction in visual perception processes. His achievements and fundamental contributions to the field of psychodiagnostics are also noted.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):57–65
57–65
Methodes and procedures
AUTOMATIC DETECTION OF SPEECH INTENTIONS USING A LARGE LANGUAGE MODEL
Resumo
The article presents the results of a study of the capabilities of the large language model (GPT-4) to identify the intentional structure of the text. In the course of the research, the following tasks were solved: to develop a methodology for classifying therapist's intentions in psychotherapeutic discourse; to create optimal instructions for working with the model; to analyze the impact of completeness of instructions on the accuracy of identifying intentions by the model; to study the relationship between the accuracy of the classification of intentions by the model with the frequency of occurrence of intentions in the text and the consistency of expert assessments. To analyze the intentional structure of texts, an original Methodology for classifying therapist's intentions in psychotherapeutic discourse has been developed. Using this technique, a team of 3 experts who make decisions about the presence of intent in a remark independently of each other conducted marking up of 14 sessions in Russian (a total of 692 replicas of the therapist). The task of identifying the therapist's intentions was solved by the "GPT-4o-mini" and "GPT-o1" models. The model revealed the intentions of the psychotherapist, realized by him in specific speech utterances (replicas). The conducted research demonstrated the significant capabilities of the large GPT-4 language model in solving the problem of identifying the speaker's speech intentions. The achieved accuracy in classifying the therapist's intentions turned out to be at the level of the best indicators obtained in works on a similar subject. It is shown that improving the instructions significantly increases the quality of the model's operation, and the complexity of the tasks assigned to the model is related to the accuracy of forecasts. Different criteria for the presence of intentions in the therapist's remarks significantly changed the accuracy of the model's predictions.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):66–78
66–78
THE BIFACTOR STRUCTURE OF THE HYPERSENSITIVE NARCISSISM SCALE (HSNS) AND ITS ASSOCIATIONS WITH THE DARK TETRAD TRAITS
Resumo
Hypersensitive (vulnerable) narcissism is a significant personality trait that remains inadequately researched within the Russian setting. Prior research has examined the composition of this characteristic, which is notably significant. The connections between sensitive narcissism and Dark Tetrad qualities (narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and sadism) are noteworthy. The objective of the study was to examine the structure of the Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSNS) and to ascertain the influence of Dark Tetrad features on the variables of hypersensitive narcissism. Initially, we posit that the framework of hypersensitive narcissism comprises two components: egocentric orientation and sensitivity to criticism. Furthermore, we contend that the traits of the Dark Tetrad predominantly impact the egocentric orientation component, while exerting minimal or no impact on the sensitivity to external evaluations component. The study comprised 741 individuals aged 18 to 64 years, with 74% being female. Research methods: Hendin and Chick’s Hypersensitive Narcissism Scale (HSNS) and the Dark Tetrad questionnaire (SD4). The research validated the presence of a bifactor structure for hypersensitive narcissism, encompassing the dimensions of egocentrism and social sensitivity, with a general factor. Elevated Machiavellianism and narcissism predominantly forecast the egocentrism component, marked by a preoccupation with personal issues and a reluctance to consider others, whereas diminished narcissism and heightened psychopathy anticipate the social sensitivity element. We identified gender and age specificity in the contributions to the determinants of sensitive narcissism. The research validated the two-factor structure of sensitive narcissism and identified distinct correlations between the dark tetrad characteristics and the variables of sensitive narcissism. This facilitates a more profound comprehension of the dual aspects of narcissism and its interplay with other personality characteristics, which is crucial for psychological assessment and therapeutic strategies.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):79-89
79-89
DESCRIPTION FORMALIZATION OF “TANGRAM” GAME TASKS SOLVING PROCESS
Resumo
Individual experience components structure records the results of interaction of an individual with subject areas. The solution of the components organization similarity problem will allow to proceed to a meaningful assessment of possible trajectories implemented in the experience formation. The aim of the work was to formalize the description of behavioral characteristics of “Tangram” game tasks solution, as well as to assess the possibility of their comparison with the textual tasks characteristics. The hypothesis was tested whether it is possible to describe the solution process dynamics by means of variables which determine the participant’s actions with the “Tangram” puzzle-solving set. A method of evaluating game tasks solving characteristics, its dynamics, and the final result characteristics was developed. The given characteristics in graph form allow estimating the task solving dynamics and comparing it with the solution accuracy measure. The presented description expands the “Tangram” task application possibilities in psychological research in addition to predominantly used in the literature assessments of time and correctness of the solution. In the future works it is planned to use the set of variables in formation of groups representing different ways of solving.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):90-100
90-100
Memorable dates
YA.A. PONOMAREV: SCIENTOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF HIS ACADEMIC WORKS (ON THE 105TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH)
Resumo
The scientific achievements of the outstanding Russian psychologist Yakov Aleksandrovich Ponomarev are presented in a chronological perspective using a wide range of scientometric indicators. A complete bibliography of the scientist’s academic works was compiled, and the periods of his scientific biography were highlighted. The in-depth analysis of his publication activity was conducted: the number of published works by periods, types and co-authors were determined, the topics of his publications were identified, and the indicators of citations of his academic works were established. The results obtained allow us to expand our understanding of the psychological heritage of Ya.A. Ponomarev and to discover non-obvious characteristics of his academic work.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):101-113
101-113
Discussion
PSYCHOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE IN THE LENS OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES
Resumo
In the discussion article are considered the materials of the article “Modern approaches in Russian psychology: unity in diversity” (Psychological Journal, 2024, V. 45. № 4) and the collective monograph “Scientific Approaches in modern Russian Psychology” (Moscow, 2023). The author’s opinion on such methodological problems as: place and role the concept of “approach” in the system of theoretical and methodological knowledge; the relationship between the methodology of science and the methodological foundations of a specific individual study; the importance of the trend of metaphorization of modern scientific discourse and the prospects for the development of tools used in scientific texts. Possible directions of searching for the unity of psychological knowledge are also considered.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):114-118
114-118
FROM SCHOOLS IN PSYCHOLOGY TO A COMPLEX SCIENCE
Resumo
The paper examines the last decades of the history of world and Russian psychology through the prism of the concept of a “closed fracture” of the early 1970s, introduced by the author, which is understood as a previously undescribed milestone in the history of world psychology. Under the influence of a whole set of reasons, a number of tectonic changes are observed at this turn, related to both the social and organizational structure of the scientific community and the methodology, as well as the problem fields and targets of psychological research. The system-forming change is the transition from alternative explanatory concepts and the same proposed by different schools to the integration and coordination of concepts based on the movement towards the development of a common language. This milestone can be considered as the starting point of modern psychological science. Accordingly, the main trend in the development of psychological science, including the Russian one, after this turning point is the movement from a variety of schools to a single complex science, from paradigms to interparadigm bridges.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):119–122
119–122
SCIENTIFIC TRADITIONS AND CONTINUITY THROUGH THE PRISM OF HISTORICAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
Resumo
The article by Yu.N. Oleinik and A.L. Zhuravlev, related to the problem of continuity and traditions in the history of psychology, is discussed. The relevance and novelty of the ideas presented by the authors are noted, in particular, in the understanding of “tradition” and the three-dimensional model of their study in psychology developed by the authors. The need to consider not only traditions, but also other formats of scientific interaction as a mechanism of continuity is emphasized. An idea is expressed that the article lays a new direction in the development of methodological foundations of historical and psychological research — the study of the continuity of scientific knowledge. Possible promising lines of further development of the problem are outlined: 1) how to interpret traditions as a cognitive tool for the development of psychology and 2) development of approaches to the interpretation of the identified traditions and their relationship to each other.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):123–127
123–127
MODERN APPROACHES IN RUSSIAN PSYCHOLOGY: THE ANSWER TO THE DEBATERS
Resumo
The article summarizes the discussion that took place on the pages of the Psychological Journal in 2025, aimed at analyzing modern scientific approaches in Russian psychology, which were presented in the collective monograph “Scientific Approaches in modern Russian Psychology” (2023), the main ideas of their comparative analysis are set out in a short journal article “Modern Approaches in Russian Psychology Unity in diversity” (2024). The discussion was attended by nine scientists representing different scientific schools in psychology. Their detailed comments, on the one hand, contain judgments that promote the positions expressed in the article, but, on the other, raise controversial and problematic issues of the attempted analysis of psychological approaches. The authors of the discussion articles note the importance and scientific significance of the collective monograph, which unites 27 approaches of modern Russian scientists. It provided an opportunity to present the landscape of the modern development of Russian psychology, highlight trends in its development, show the evolution in the development of approaches, their mutual influence and intersections. The controversial division of approaches into sections (general psychological, general scientific, specifically psychological, scientific approaches in applied psychology) and the incompleteness of their composition are often highlighted. These and other questions raised are discussed in this paper. The discussion that took place actualized the idea of the opposing circle, which is necessary for the development of science. The authors are grateful to all the debaters, and hope for continued discussion and further developments in the methodology of psychological science.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):128-136
128-136
Scientific life
THE ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTICIPATION “POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS: METHODOLOGY, THEORY, PRACTICE”
Resumo
On May 22–23, 2025, the All-Russian Scientific Conference with international participation “Post-Traumatic Stress: Methodology, Theory, Practice” was held at the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Moscow). During the conference, nearly 100 presentations were made in 13 different areas of work, as well as six plenary presentations highlighting current theoretical and practical issues in the study of post-traumatic stress. Following the conference, an electronic collection of conference materials was published. The conference confirmed that the study of post-traumatic stress has become a separate field of psychology. The presentations showed progress in understanding the nature of post-traumatic stress, pointed out gaps in scientific knowledge, and outlined prospects for studying human mental development before, during and after traumatic events.
Psychological Journal. 2025;46(6):137-142
137-142