Volume 511, Nº 1 (2023)

A promising strategy for the synthesis of a functional compounds with framework structure is using of 1,3‑dehydroadamantane (tetracyclo[3.3.1.1.^3,7.0.^1,3]decane, 1,3-DHA, bridging [3.3.1]propellane) and its derivatives, which are able to restoration of adamantane structure in their reactions. The review provides information on the methods for the synthesis of 1,3-DHA, spectral characteristics, probable intermediates generated from propellanes, and the advantages of using – low-stage syntheses of hardly available adamantine derivatives, atomic precision, and “green chemistry”. The reactions of 1,3-DHA with a wide range of organic compounds are considered, a comparative assessment of its reactivity with respect to CH-, NH-, OH- and SH-acids, as well as arenes, hydantoins, and heterocyclic compounds is carried out. New chemo- and regioselective methods for the one-step introduction of a 1-adamantyl group into the molecules of various substrates are classified. Particular attention is paid to the reactions of 1,3-DHA with various C–H acids, which make it possible to easily form C–C_Ad bonds to obtain hard-to-reach adamantane derivatives. The influence of pKa of the substrate on the selectivity of the reactions was shown. Low-step methods for the synthesis of new adamantane derivatives, which have shown high activity as hsEH epoxide hydrolase inhibitors and antitumor agents, are described.

The effect of temperature on the effectiveness of the introduction of deuterium into a new biologically active compound salicylcarnosine (SC) has been studied. Deuterium gas and heavy water were used as a source of deuterium. The synthesis of labeled SC by the solid-phase method at 190°C leads to the production of [D]SC with a yield of 53%, and a deuterium content of about 4.8 atoms per molecule. During isotope exchange with deuterated water, it was shown that after pretreatment of the catalyst at room temperature with deuterium gas, isotope exchange between SC protons and deuterated water occurs more efficiently. [D]SC is formed with a yield of 46% and contains about 7.3 deuterium atoms per molecule. During the preparative synthesis of labeled SC according to this technique at 190°C, the yield of [D]SC was 60–70%, with a deuterium content of about 6.2 atoms per molecule. A new technique for activating the inclusion of deuterium in peptides opens up additional opportunities for obtaining highly labelled drugs.

Permeable metallic nickel and ceramic nickel-oxide materials with nanostructured surface and multilevel hierarchical porosity were created by cyclic redox post-treatment of biporous nickel (II) consolidated in the sintering-dissolution process. Additional levels of intraparticle porosity – Kirkendall pores and shrinkage nanopores – were formed during the stages of high-temperature oxidation in air and reduction in hydrogen, respectively.

Cesium promoted cobalt spinel is promising as a catalyst for the low-temperature decomposition of nitrous oxide for use in the second stage of a single-reactor scheme for complex purification from nitrogen oxides. In this work, the influence of the conditions for the preparation of massive granular and block catalysts based on Co₃O₄ by extrusion molding has been studied.

The three-dimensional (3D) computer model of the isobaric phase diagram of the ZrO₂–SiO₂–Al₂O₃ system with formation of the ZrSiO₄ and Al₆Si₂O₁₃ compounds is presented. The development of its geometric structure was carried out through the sequential construction of the phase reaction scheme, including all polymorphic transitions in the sub-solidus and the rearrangement of the interaction of binary compounds as well as zirconium and aluminum oxides, its transformation into the scheme of uni- and invariant states in the tabular and graphical (3D) forms, the construction of the prototype, and its transformation into a spatial model of the phase diagram of the real ZrO₂–SiO₂–Al₂O₃ system. Features of the isothermal sections and isopleths of the phase diagram of the considered system calculated using the thermodynamic NUCLEA database are discussed in the comparison with the 3D model sections.