Vocabulary and etiquette speech acts accompanying birth and funeral ceremonies in Russian and Iranian linguistic cultures

This article examines the concept of anthropocentrism, highlighting the differences and similarities in the worldviews reflected in the languages of native Russian and Persian speakers, and exploring the specific characteristics of ritual terminology associated with the events of birth and death. An attempt is made to identify typical features of speech formulas of congratulations and sympathy as cultural and linguistic markers that reveal the peculiarities of the Russian and Iranian worldviews. The research material consists of speech samples in the form of utterances and remarks common in expressing emotive speech acts – congratulations, condolences. In writing the article, mainly traditional methods were used: pragmatic, semantic and stylistic interpretation, conceptual analysis, interpretive analysis, and sociolinguistic analysis of the synchronic state of speech etiquette. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the key characteristics of established etiquette, in determining the common specific characteristics in Russian and Persian etiquette speech acts. The vocabulary, traditional etiquette, and heritage of customs of a particular ethnic group are shaped over centuries, reflecting its experience and becoming an integral part of life, teaching both young and subsequent generations norms, rules, and established patterns of behavior and interaction. Adherence to traditions in communication influences both the individual's spiritual world and serves as a tool for maintaining and reinforcing habitual patterns of everyday interactions and social connections through the inculcation of moral values.

linguaculture, tiquette speech acts, birth, ritual, Russian language, Persian, collectivist principles, rite, tradition, Wishes