Morphological Status and Pragmatic Functions of the Lexeme "ИНТЕРЕСНО" in Contemporary Russian

The object of this study is the lexeme “интересно” in contemporary Russian, which demonstrates a complex path of semantic and pragmatic evolution. The paper provides a detailed description of its movement from the short form of the adjective and the adverb with the meaning “amusing, curious” to an independent unit with its own communicative characteristics. Particular attention is given to the processes of desemantization, grammaticalization, and pragmaticization, which accompany the loss of the original referential content and the emergence of a subjective-modal nuance. Typical syntactic constructions (интересно знать; интересно, что…) are examined, where the weakening of propositional semantics and the formation of a modal frame become apparent. The expansion of usage domains is shown: from bookish styles to oral dialogic speech, electronic communication, and journalism. The transition of the lexeme into the category of parenthetical words and communicatives is noted, which makes it possible to qualify it as a discourse marker with a wide range of pragmatic functions. The methodological basis of the research is the analysis of examples from the Russian National Corpus, combined with materials from literary and journalistic texts as well as samples of spontaneous oral speech, which ensures a comprehensive description of the functioning of the lexeme. The main findings of the study show that in contemporary usage, the lexeme “интересно” has become firmly established as an important discursive instrument serving the tasks of organizing communication. It is capable of performing such functions as establishing and maintaining contact, signaling feedback, expressing doubt or irony, mitigating communicative tension, and providing polite reactive responses. The novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive consideration of “интересно” as both a communicative and a discourse marker, with the identification of diagnostic features such as desemantization, discursive predetermination, expressivity, and untranslatability into indirect speech. In addition, the boundaries between predicative, modal–frame, and parenthetical uses are clarified, along with the specifics of its functioning in dialogues. The author demonstrates that the lexeme shows clear tendencies toward subjectification and metacommunicative re-interpretation, which makes it possible to characterize anew its place in the system of means of contemporary Russian discourse.

grammaticalization, pragmaticization, discursive marker, communicative, desemanticization, subjectivization, feedback marker, spontaneous spoken speech, pragmatic marker, interesting