Functional and semantic peculurities of personal euphemisms of the Uzbek language through the prism of Russian and English cultures

The subject of the study is the euphemistic codes of modern Russian, Uzbek and English languages, selected by continuous sampling from a variety of sources, including modern explanatory, specialized and linguistic dictionaries, as well as authentic texts of fiction and journalism. The total number of examples amounted to more than 1,234 units, of which 399 relate to Russian, 435 to Uzbek and 400 to English, which provided an opportunity to conduct a detailed analysis and formulate reliable conclusions. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the functional and semantic characteristics of personal euphemistic codes of the Uzbek language through the prism of comparison with Russian and English cultures. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time a comparative study is conducted focusing on the functional and semantic aspects of euphemistic units in the context of the linguistic and cultural paradigm. The main attention is paid to the analysis of ways to replace negative connotations associated with personal peculurities (age, death, and the nominative field "fat"), and to identify cultural factors influencing the formation and use of euphemistic units of the Uzbek language against the background of Russian and English cultures. For the first time, a quantitative analysis of functional and semantic groups of personal euphemisms is carried out in a comparative aspect, on the basis of which it is concluded that the national and cultural characteristics of the life of native speakers of Russian, English and Uzbek languages and the peculiarities of their mentality underlie the euphemistic nomination of a personal topic. The results of the research revealed unique cultural features in the formation and use of euphemistic units. Quantitative analysis has shown that in the Uzbek language the largest percentage of euphemistic codes refers to the sphere of death, which is significantly higher than in Russian and English. The euphemistic units associated with old age also differ: the Uzbek language shows a higher rate compared to Russian and English. On the contrary, euphemistic expressions regarding the negative connotation of "fat" are more common in English and Russian, compared to Uzbek.

euphemistic code, intercultural communication, national culture, linguistic-cultural paradigm, functional-semantic classification, secondary nomination, concept, semantic component, nominative field, Uzbek language