Peculiarities of the translation of idionyms in English and German gastronomic discourse

The object of the research is the ways of transferring culinary idionyms of English and German (source languages) into Russian (recipient language), taking into account the realities of cultures. The article discusses the definition of idionyms, their connection with the culture of peoples, shows the main ways of transmitting idionyms using examples of real restaurant menus and culinary sites. The difficulties faced by a translator in the course of his work when working with idionyms of different languages are also considered. The application of methods of translating traditional English and German dishes into Russian is demonstrated using specific examples. It is shown how the same idiomatic name of a dish can be conveyed in different ways in the menus of restaurants, cafes and on various culinary sites. General scientific methods were used in the work: analysis and comparison. The linguistic method of continuous sampling was also used, with the help of which different names of the same traditional dish were identified in the recipient language, depending on the chosen method: transliteration, tracing paper, descriptive, combined. Conclusions are drawn about the most successful strategy for translating dish names is a combination approach: calcification and descriptive translation due to the fact that it preserves the cultural realities of the source language and allows the recipient to understand the composition of the dish. The main task in intercultural interaction is to prevent intercultural conflicts that may arise, including due to erroneous, inadequate translation of gastronomic idionyms. The translator or the menu compiler is recommended to turn to additional sources to preserve the national and cultural coloring of the culinary idiom, at the same time conveying the composition of the dish and preventing distortion of its connotation.

communicative failure, reality, idionym, translation method, transliteration, calque, descriptive translation, combined method, source language, recipient language