Vol 60, No 10 (2018)
- Year: 2018
- Articles: 17
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0543-1972/issue/view/15335
State Standards
General Problems of Metrology and Measurement Technique
Methods of Predicting the Drift of the Parameters of Dynamic Objects on the Basis of a Linear Extrapolation Model
Abstract
A method of prediction based on linear extrapolation with the use of the mathematical expectation of the rate of variation of the values of a controlled parameter as the slope of an extrapolating line is presented. A method constructed with the use of a correction of a linear function is considered. Correction is performed with the use in the method of least squares of variable weight coefficients that regulate the influence of the interpolation nodes on the final result as a function of the distance of these nodes from the current values of the argument of the extrapolating function.
Measurements in Information Technologies
Detection of Errors in the Storage Devices of Information Measurement Systems
Abstract
A regular procedure for the construction of a linear algebraic code for the detection of errors in the storage devices of information-measurement systems is proposed. Implementation of the new code assures a high level of functional reliability of the devices while reducing information and hardware redundancy. Mathematical expressions for estimating the parameters of the code are obtained.
Article
Development of an Algorithm for Correction of an Inertial Navigation System in Off-Line Mode
Abstract
Features and errors of an inertial navigation system and a satellite-based navigation system are investigated. Algorithmic methods of correction of an inertial navigation system with the use of information from the satellite navigation system are considered. The use of a predictive trend modified by a self-organization algorithm is proposed for correction of an inertial navigation system in off-line mode.
A Method of Determining the Level of Dielectric Liquids from the Parameters of a Model of a Capacitance Fuel Level Sensor
Abstract
A method of determining the level of dielectric liquids from the parameters of a model of a capacitance level sensor and a model of a communication line is considered. The proposed method may be used to eliminate the influence of faults in the communication line on the results of a determination of the fueling level of a tank and increase the reliability with which this level is determined. Requirements imposed on a capacitance level sensor and the communication line are described. Analytic expressions for determining the parameters of a level sensor and the communication line as well as the components of the error in the determination of the fueling level are presented.
Experimental Study of Metrological Characteristics of the Automated Interferometric System for Measuring the Surface Shape of Diffusely Reflecting Objects
Abstract
The metrological characteristics of an automated interferometric system for measuring the surface shape of diffusely reflecting objects have been experimentally studied. Changes in the amplitude of the output signal during modulation of the optical path difference were studied and visualization of the effect of introduced interference on the measurement error was made. It is established that as the angle of incidence of optical radiation increases, the duration of the interference signal increases and, correspondingly, the measurement error of the automated interferometric system. The dependence of the measurement range on the scanning frequency of the reference mirror is obtained. The measurement error of an automated interferometric system under normal illumination does not exceed 0.67 μm.
An Algorithm for Compensating the Effect of Deformations When Using the Shadow Background Method
Abstract
An algorithm for compensating image distortions under the influence of the surface deformation of the background screen when using the shadow background method. The efficiency of the algorithm is confirmed. We experimentally determined the optimal marker to be used for searching on the image. We examined the capabilities of the algorithm in compensating for the shift and rotation of the surface of the background screen with an mean square deviation of not more than 0.43 pixels, determined by cross-correlation processing.
Linear and Angular Measurements
Analysis of the Potential Precision of Measurement of Angular Coordinate
Abstract
A comparative analysis of the potential precision of measurements of the angular coordinate of a radar target in discrete and linear scanning of an antenna beam is performed. A formula for determining the variance of an estimate of the angular coordinate based on the likelihood function for two positions of the antenna beam and the Kramer–Rao expression is obtained. An approximation of the form of the antenna directional pattern is proposed. Based on the results of the calculations, it is established that the precision of a measurement of the angular coordinate is higher in discrete scanning than in linear scanning.
Optophysical Measurements
Mechanical Measurements
Measurement of Acoustic Nonlinearity of Damaged Metal
Abstract
A technique for measuring the index of nonlinearity of a probing signal is proposed, and an ultrasonic device to implement this technique is described. The high sensitivity of the measured index to metal damage is shown. The characteristics of the device make it possible to use it as a means of nondestructive testing of metal in production conditions at industrial facilities.
Correction
Thermal Measurements
Methodological Errors of Defining the Thermophysical Characteristics of Materials Using the Laser Pulse Method at High Temperatures
Abstract
Methodological errors of defining the thermophysical characteristics of construction materials have been evaluated. Methodological errors are caused by heat exchange of a sample with the environment in conditions corresponding to execution of the laser pulse method at high temperatures. Analysis was done of the effect on methodological errors of heat exchange (as a result of natural convection) with the environment. It has been shown that the laser pulse method can be used to determine thermal diffusivity and thermal capacity of highly heat-conductive wire materials (metals and alloys) at temperatures to 1173 K.
Electromagnetic Measurements
Analysis of the Measuring Area of a Magnetic Dipole Moment Transducer
Abstract
The measuring area of a magnetic dipole moment transducer was analyzed. The transducer was constructed based on coaxial receiver loop antennas. Transformation functions were found for a point source of an alternating magnetic field, depending on the disposition of the source in the measuring area. The optimum ratio of the geometrical sizes of the transducer for obtaining the minimum non-uniformity of measuring area was defined.
Physicochemical Measurements
Measurements of Adsorption and Thermal Deformations of Microporous Carbon Adsorbents
Abstract
Adsorption-induced deformation of microporous carbon adsorbents AUK and AR-V with different genesis was measured in conditions of methane adsorption (temperature 273, 313, 353, 393 K; pressure 0–6 MPa). Thermal deformation of carbon adsorbents AUK and AR-V was measured in the temperature range of 273–573 K. Coefficients of linear thermal expansion (CTE) of carbon adsorbents were calculated in the temperature range of 273–573 K: for AUK, aT = (3 ± 0.15)·10–6 K–1; for AR-V, T = (8.4 ± 0.6)·10–5 K–1. A comparative analysis of the CTE of adsorbents and crystal graphite was implemented.
International Collaboration
International Comparisons of Standards in the Area of Fiber-Optic Communication and Information Transmission Systems
Abstract
The results of international comparisons in the field of fiber-optic communication and information transmission systems, in particular, for the average power of optical radiation (COOMET PR-S6 and APMP PR-S2 projects) and chromatic dispersion in an optical fiber (EURAMET PR-S3 project), are considered. Data on comparisons as regards the length of the optical fiber (APMP PR-S8), polarization mode dispersion (COOMET PR-S9 project), and wavelength for fiber optics (COOMET PR-S8 project), all of which are now being performed, are presented.