Vol 7, No 4 (2009)
- Year: 2009
- Articles: 9
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/ecolgenet/issue/view/292
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/ecogen74
Articles
ALLО- AND SYMPATRIC SIBLING SPECIES OF SACCHARОMYСES CEREVISIAE: DNA-DNA REASSOCIATION
Abstract
Precise DNA-DNA reassociation data were obtained for new biological species S. cariocanus, S. kudriavzevii and S. mikatae, for the first time. The three species showed 25-51 % - of DNA-DNA reassociation with one another and with the known species S. cerevisiae, S. bayanus and S. paradoxus.Only in the combination S. paradoxus × S. cariocanus there was 99 % DNA-DNA homology. Despite high DNA-DNA reassociation value, the two yeasts are genetically isolated: their hybrids are sterile forming non-viable meiotic products (ascospores). Having four reciprocal translocations in its karyotype, S. cariocanus represents species in statu nascendi.
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):3-7
3-7
MOLECULAR-GENETIC ANALYSIS OF THE DIP1 REGULATOR GENE IN VARIOUS SPECIES OF DROSOPHILA
Abstract
The DIP1 is a regulator gene of D. melanogaster with an unknown function. As a result of mRNA alternative splicing, at least 6 coding sequences are formed (DIP1-c/Klett-c, DIP1-b/ Klett-d, DIP1-d, DIP1-а, Klett-a, and Klett-b). Structure and expression of DIP1 homologues in various species of the melanogaster subgroup, such as D. melanogaster, D. sechellia, D. mauritiana, D. simulans, D. erecta,and D. yakuba, have been analyzed. In D. sechellia, D. simulans, and D. mauritiana we found alterations, which affected expression of the DIP1 homologues in contrast to D. melanogaster, D. erecta, and D. yakuba. These alterations have to do with splicing of the first alternative exon. It has been demonstrated that DIP1 homologues of D. sechellia, D. simulans and D. mauritiana do not code for Klett-а and Klett b forms.
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):8-13
8-13
Ecological and genetic aspects of productivity and quality in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) cultivars
Abstract
The article describes differences in a response of linseed cultivars of a different genetic and geographical origin to a set of ecological factors. Variability in productivity traits was revealed to be determined in most cases by a genotype and its interaction with growing conditions. The genotype and environmental conditions exert an equal effect on oil accumulation in seeds and its qualitative composition. Based on the data obtained from the linseed collection, the most ecologically stable genotypes, displaying steadily high seed productivity in combination with high content and quality of oil, were selected.
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):14-22
14-22
PVYNTN-CP coat protein gene mediated virus resistance of transgenic potato plants
Abstract
PVYNTN-CP coat protein gene from a necrotic strain of potato virus Y (pvyntn) has been transferred into two potato Solanum tuberosum L. cultivars Mindenes and Somogyi kifli via Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation. Expression of integrated PVYNTN-CP gene were confirmed for 33 (89 %) of 37 and 3 (75 %) of 4 kanamycin-resistant regenerants of potato cultivars Mindenes and Somogyi kifli respectively. The level of virus resistance against two virus strains (PVY°, PVYNTN) of independent lines of transgenic potatoes varied between extreme resistance to susceptibility. The three independent lines of transgenic potatoes proved to be extreme resistant against both PVY strains.
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):41-50
41-50
Dynamics of the gene pool of petersburg Adalia bipunctata population during 75 years of observation
Abstract
Composition of Adalia bipunctata population "University" (collected near St. Petersburg University) was studied from 1975 till 2009, also considering the data obtained by J. Lusis who sampled this ladybird population in 1933, 1934, and 1947. The part of black-colored forms in the population decreased from 90.0 % in 1933 to 47.8 % in 2009. Two hypotheses explaining the observed population dynamics are suggested and discussed: ecological (effect of the city air pollution) and genetic (replacement of the black-color allele with more efficient polygenic system).
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):57-59
57-59
Heterozygozity maintenance for the lethals in populations reproducing by intratetrad mating
Abstract
Maintanance of lethals in the gene pool is analyzed for a population reproducing by intratetrad mating (fusion of the spores formed by one meiotic division). It is shown that heterozygotes for the lethal are maintained stable in the population if they have advantage in reproduction rate compared with homozygotes carrying the normal allele (the effect of overdominance). The dependence of this advantage on the distance from the respective gene to the centromere is evaluated.
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):60-63
60-63
The association gene polymorphisms with risk of cancer in long-term «low-dose» y-irradiation exposure
Abstract
The association of 13 biallelic polymorphisms of genes hOGG1 977C > G, XPD1 2251A > C, XPG1 3310G > C, XRCC1:580C> T, 839G >A, 1196G>A GSTT1 («+»/«-»), GSTM1 («+»/«-»), CYP2C19 681G> A, NOS3: -665C>T, 774С> T, 894G > T, VNTRint4 with risk of development of malignant new growths (MNG) in conditions of "low-dose" ionizing irradiation was investigated. In 1 group of irradiated patients of malignant new growths there are 96 persons, in 2 group of non-irradiated patients of MNG - 135 persons, in 3 control group - 148 healthy irradiated workers of the Siberian Group of Chemical Enterprises. By means of procedure FDR it is shown that only polymorphic variants of gene CYP2C19681G* are authentically associated with risk of occurrence of MNG against an irradiation. 1 genotype consisting of a combination of 5 polymorphic loci is selected. Frequency of occurrence of this genotype in 1 group makes 16,9 % (14/83), in 2 group - 1,0 % (1/100), in 3 group - 0,84 % (1/119). At its carriers in conditions of low-dose irradiation more than in 20 times the risk of occurrence of MNG (OR between 1 and 3 groups (95 % CI) = 24,14 (3,21-502,64) increases; p = 0,0000581, taking into account the correction of Bonferroni р = 0,01046).
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):23-33
23-33
Assessment of influence of petroleum pollutions of soils on the cytogenetic status and indexes of apoptosis in the cells of buccal epithelium of children
Abstract
The some caryological indices of buccal epithelium and congenital morphogenetic variants were analyzed and convincing evidences of adverse effects of high levels of petroleum in soil on the health of children are received. Increase of cytogenetic damages (frequency of cells with micronuclei) in 5 times, apoptosis in 3 times, cells with two or more nuclei in 1,6 times, congenital morphogenetic variants in 1,2-1,4 times was revealed in children in the regions with about 1 % of oil products in soil.
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):34-40
34-40
Epigenetic regulation of Drosophila nonautonomous p-element transpositions at different temperatures of development
Abstract
In a system of Drosophila P-element activation at 25 °С and 18 °С we observed the increase of the gene conversion frequency among the offspring of parents containing nonautonomous P-elements and a chromosome with rad201G1 mutation in genome. The similar increase of conversion events in this system was shown in the experiments with mutation mei41D5. In both cases inheritance of the increased gene conversion frequency had an epigenetic character, since increased conversion was observed also among the offspring not carrying mutations rad201G1 or mei41D5.
Ecological genetics. 2009;7(4):51-56
51-56