卷 7, 编号 4 (2024)

this article presents an analysis of various techniques that contribute to enhancing the efficiency of cement clinker grinding, and their implications for the quality and technical properties of cement. The study considers not only conventional, but also novel substances used as grinding additives, including coal, carbon black, triethanolamine, rosins, lignins, as well as novel components such as "Lithoplast IP1", InCEM, and MC-GRINDINGPRO 01. Special attention is given to the most promising grinding intensifiers, particularly "Lithoplast IP1", which has significantly increased mill productivity by 11.1–19.2% while reducing power consumption by 8.9–15.6%. The article presents the results of tests that demonstrate the positive impact of this additive on the flowability, grinding and physico-mechanical properties of cement. The benefits of using the "InCEM" intensifier, including the potential to enhance the strength characteristics and optimize the grinding process of cement, are also discussed. A separate section of the article focuses on the work of researchers M.A. Goncharova, L.V. Zamyshlyaeva, and H.G.H. Al-Surrawi on the use of energy-efficient domestic intensifiers like IP-1 and IM-2. These authors analyze the impact of these additives on the initial strength of cement and grinding efficiency. According to the results of the study, the introduction of compounds IP-1 and IM-2 into cement has been shown to increase its initial strength by 3.7 MPa and decrease the coefficient of water absorption, thereby improving the quality characteristics of the final product. Based on these findings, the article emphasizes the significance of grinding intensifiers in enhancing the efficiency and quality of cement production, as well as in reducing operational costs and enhancing the reliability of building materials.

this paper provides a comprehensive review and analysis of the current state and advancements in major transparent conducting polymers, which are considered promising alternatives to traditional transparent electrodes based on metal oxides, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), and fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO). These polymers possess unique properties, including flexibility, light weight, and ease of integration into flexible and stretchable optoelectronic devices, making them highly attractive for use in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), thin-film transistors, solar cells, sensors, flexible displays, and a range of other applications. The paper presents publication statistics for this research area over the past 10 years based on data from the Scopus database of peer-reviewed scientific literature. It briefly discusses the conduction mechanisms in these polymers, which influence key properties such as electrical conductivity, transparency, and stability under external factors. Various methods for producing these polymers are examined, including chemical deposition, electrochemical techniques, and the incorporation of conductive nanoparticles to enhance functional characteristics. The analysis culminates in a summary table containing data on the transparency, conductivity, and other functional properties of different polymer materials, facilitating their selection for specific applications. Additionally, the paper addresses the prospects and challenges associated with the use of these polymers in flexible electronics, next-generation displays, and other emerging technologies where traditional materials may be less effective or practical.

the article is devoted to methods of concentrating and purifying omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The text discusses methods such as transesterification, urea complexation, chromatographic methods, low-temperature crystallization, supercritical fluid extraction, molecular distillation, and iodolactonization. The aim of the research is to systematize literature data to identify the most effective methods for obtaining purified, concentrated omega-3 PUFAs. The methods include transesterification for converting triglycerides into ethyl esters, urea complexation for separating fatty acids, chromatographic methods for high product purity, low-temperature crystallization for simplicity and cost-effectiveness, supercritical fluid extraction for environmental cleanliness and efficiency, molecular distillation for high selectivity, and iodolactonization for prospective separation of omega-3 acids. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of methods for concentrating omega-3 PUFAs. It also considers the prospects for developing effective and economical methods of enriching omega-3 fatty acids to reduce costs and meet future demand for highly purified products.

objectives: Saccharomyces yeast is one of the most studied species for the study of eukaryotic cells. The effect of ionizing radiation on living organisms is studied in radiobiology, the main task of which is to identify the laws of the biological reaction of the body to radiation. This will help to develop methods for monitoring radiation reactions and means of protection against radiation. There are unresolved problems in radiobiology, one of which is radiosensitivity. To study radiation sensitivity, the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae T-985 was used, as well as rutin, a biologically active substance, a flavonoid with antioxidant and other beneficial properties. Methods. The spectrophotometric method is based on the use of the free stable radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrosyl (DPPH). After the end of cultivation, aliquots of the yeast suspension were taken from the flasks and transferred into glass flasks with a volume of 1 mL for subsequent irradiation at the Model- KALAN 4 X-ray unit in the IMSEN-IFC of the D.I. Mendeleev Russian Chemical University at an absorbed dose rate of 3 Gy/s according to the Fricke dosimeter [10, 11]. To detect the effects of ionizing radiation and compare the results with the control sample, optical density measurement and microscopy were used. Results. Rutin may have a protective effect on yeast cells after X-ray irradiation. It has been shown in studies that rutin can reduce oxidative stress and DNA damage caused by irradiation. This may be due to its ability to neutralize free radicals and repair damaged molecules. Comparing the results of 0.05mM rutin and rutin and hydrogen peroxide systems, it can be noted that the active form of oxygen negatively affects the survival rate of yeast cells. ionol has a favorable effect on survival and repair processes in yeast cells. The addition of hydrogen peroxide significantly decreases the survival rate of cells immediately after irradiation, but promotes the reparative processes. As a result of experiments, addition of Rutin with the concentration of 5·10-4mol/L potentially increases the number of viable cells capable of colony formation than addition of Rutin with the concentration of 5·10-5mol/L. CFU of S. cerevisiae species with the addition of rutin at different concentrations decreases many times in relation to the control after 3 days at a dose of 400 Gy and 800 Gy of X-ray irradiation. Conclusions. - With increasing irradiation dose the concentration of rutin decreases, which suggests that it is consumed. The radiation chemical yield of rutin consumption was determined: G (0-400)=0.04 molecules/100 eV; G(400-2000)=0.10 molecules/100 eV. - The inhibition effect in the reaction with DPPH of rutin solutions without irradiation and one day after irradiation was determined. The numerical values are in the range from 67% to 86%, which is more than 50%, which means that rutin has high antiradical properties after irradiation. - Percentage of dead cells in suspension when rutin was added is less compared to the percentage of dead cells in suspension without rutin at the same absorbed doses. - In tubes with the addition of rutin of different concentrations, which received a dose of 800 Gy, a day after irradiation, there is a significant decrease in the percentage of dead cells compared to the same data obtained without the addition of rutin. This can be interpreted as active repair processes. - At addition of rutin with concentration 5·10-4 mol/l the percentage of dead cells is less than at addition of rutin with concentration 5·10-5 mol/l.