Том 23, № 5 (2023)
Статьи
MICROWAVE RADAR SENSING OF SEA WAVES: AN EFFECTIVE REFLECTION COEFFICIENT
Аннотация
At the small incidence angles, the dominant backscattering mechanism for sea waves is the quasi-specular backscattering mechanism. The power of the reflected signal depends on the distribution function of the slopes of large-scale waves (in comparison with radar wavelength) and on the effective reflection coefficient, which is introduced instead of the Fresnel coefficient. In this paper, we discussed a new method for calculating the effective reflection coefficient from the wave scatterometer SWIM data. For the first time, measurements are performed by a radar at different azimuth angles at small incidence angles. This makes it possible to measure the effective reflection coefficient. An original algorithm was developed for data processing and determination of the total mean square slopes of large-scale sea waves and the azimuth dependence of the backscattering radar cross section at zero incidence angle. In the result of subsequent processing, the azimuth dependence of the effective reflection coefficient is retrieved. SWIM data were used to evaluate the developed algorithm. Processing of the test data set confirmed the efficiency of the algorithm. The azimuth anisotropy coefficients for the mean square slopes of large-scale waves and the effective reflection coefficient are calculated
ES5001
РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ СОВМЕСТНОЙ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ ГРАВИТАЦИОННОГО И ТЕПЛОВОГО ПОЛЕЙ УРАЛЬСКОГО РЕГИОНА
Аннотация
ES5002
ОЦЕНКА ГЕОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ СВОЙСТВ КАРБОНАТНЫХ ПОРОД БАШКИРСКОГО ЯРУСА РЕСПУБЛИКИ ТАТАРСТАН С ЦЕЛЬЮ ОПТИМИЗАЦИИ ГИДРОРАЗРЫВА ПЛАСТА
Аннотация
ES5003
LINEAR PERTURBATIONS OF THE BLOCH TYPE OF SPACE-PERIODIC MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMIC STEADY STATES. III. ASYMPTOTICS OF BRANCHING
Аннотация
The previous paper of this series presented the results of a numerical investigation of the dependence of the dominant growth rates of Bloch eigenmodes on the diffusivity parameters (the molecular viscosity ν and molecular magnetic diffusivity η) in three linear stability problems: the kinematic dynamo problem, and the hydrodynamic and MHD stability problems for steady spaceperiodic flows and MHD states. The dominant eigenmodes (i.e., the stability modes, whose growth rates are maximum over the wave vector q of the planar wave involved in the Bloch modes) comprise branches. In some branches, the dominant growth rates are attained for constant half-integer q. In all the three stability problems for parity-invariant steady states, offshoot branches, stemming from the branches of this type, were found, in which the dominant growth rates are attained for q depending on ν and/or η. We consider now such a branching of the dominant magnetic modes in the kinematic dynamo problem, where an offshoot stems from a branch of neutral eigenmodes for q = 0, and construct power series expansions for the offshoots and the associated eigenvalues of the magnetic induction operator near the point of bifurcation. We show that the branching occurs for the molecular magnetic diffusivities, for which the two eigenvalues of the eddy diffusivity operator become imaginary, and magnetic field generation by the mechanism of the negative eddy diffusivity ceases. The details of branching in the other linear stability problems under consideration are distinct.
ES5004
CO- AND PRE-SEISMIC CRUSTAL DEFORMATIONS RELATED TO LARGEEARTHQUAKES BETWEEN YEARS OF 2009 AND 2023 USINGCONTINUOUS CORS-TR GNSS OBSERVATIONSIN THE ANATOLIAN DIAGONAL (TURKEY)
Аннотация
Synoptic animations of internal displacements and deformations of the earth’s crust were obtained based on the results of continuous GNSS observations in Eastern Anatolia from 2009 to 2023. The spatiotemporal patterns of the seismic deformation process in connection with the tectonics of the region have been identified. It is shown that dilatation and total shear strains evolve in concert with the migration of the strongest earthquakes Elazig, Elazig-Malatya and devastate Karamanmaraş series. Two years before the occurrence of the devastating earthquakes of 2023, a deficit of internal displacements of GNSS stations developed in the area of their epicenters. The conducted research suggests that the strongest events of 2009-2023 are connected by a unitary seismic deformation process. The most important action in this case is the SW movement of the Anatolian block as monolithic element. In the development of movements and deformations, a flow of increasing stresses is observed in the direction from Karliova Triple Junction to the SW to the area of the strongest seismic events on February 2023. It originates east of the Karliova Triple Junction where the Arabian Plate encounters an obstacle. The role of mantle flows in the seismic process is assessed.
ES5005
STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF CLIMATIC CHANGES IN 1980–2021 ON RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE CENTRAL AND WESTERN RUSSIAN ARCTIC BASED ON ADVANCED ELECTRONIC ATLAS OF HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS (VERSION 2, 2023)
Аннотация
Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF) is the region of intensive economic development. In this regard, it is critical to give an adequate assessment of natural factors that may have a negative impact on the growing technological infrastructure. Rapid climate change effects show a significant influence on this activity, including the railway network development. Hence, the decision-making community requires relevant information on climatic variations that can put at hazard the construction and operation of railway facilities. This paper presents the analysis of climatic changes within the region of Central and Western Russian Arctic in 1980–2021. It was performed using the new electronic Atlas of climatic variations in main hydrometeorological parameters, created for the Russian Railways in 2023. This geoinformatic product includes about 400 digital maps reflecting the variability of seven climatic parameters over more than four decades within the studied region. These parameters are air temperature, total precipitation, wind speed, soil temperature, soil moisture content, air humidity, and snow cover thickness. The analysis of climatic maps and their comparison between selected periods showed spatial and temporal heterogeneity of climatic variations in this region. This justifies the feasibility of further research using additional analytical instruments, such as Hovmöller diagrams, time series graphs, etc. The implementation of advanced geoinformatic products in the practice of the Russian Railways will facilitate sustainable development of its infrastructure in rapidly altering climatic conditions.
ES5006
MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF FREEZING OF ROCKS SATURATED WITH SALT SOLUTION TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INFLUENCE OF OSMOSIS
Аннотация
The paper presents a mathematical model of rocks freezing saturated with salt solution under impact of osmotic force. Osmosis is related to the salt concentration gradient, which is characteristic for solutions, and it is a powerful mechanism for the movement of solutions in poorly permeable porous media. A mathematical criterion for the formation of closed “pockets” with brines (cryopags) in frozen rocks has been obtained. This criterion is shown to be significantly depends on the osmosis coefficient. The model includes three layers of a porous medium saturated, respectively, with ice, ice and solution, and salt solution only. A special case was studied when there is only a second layer with a movable boundary, on which a phase transition from the second layer to the third one occurs. The investigated layer is saturated with a salt solution and ice in thermodynamic equilibrium. Other layers are replaced by boundary conditions. An approximate analytical solution of the problem is found in a self-similar formulation. The nature of the influence of osmotic force on the freezing process of rocks saturated with solution is shown. The characteristic patterns associated with the considered process are revealed. One of the features of the osmosis influence is the fact that it can cause the movement (migration) of the solution in the direction of increasing pressure, i.e. in the direction opposite to the driving force caused by the pressure gradient.
ES5007
АНАЛИЗ ЛОКАЛЬНОЙ СЕЙСМИЧНОСТИ ЗАПАДНОЙ ЧАСТИ ПОЛУОСТРОВА ТАЙМЫР ПО ДАННЫМ СЕЙСМИЧЕСКОЙ СТАНЦИИ «КОЛБА»
Аннотация
ES5008
ФОРМЫ ПЕРЕНОСА РЗЭ ФТОРИДНО-КАРБОНАТНО-ХЛОРИДНЫМИ ОХЛАЖДАЮЩИМИСЯ ГИДРОТЕРМАЛЬНЫМИ ФЛЮИДАМИ В ПРИСУТСТВИИ БАРИТА И ЦЕЛЕСТИНА (ТЕРМОДИНАМИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ)
Аннотация
ES5009
NEW DATA ON THE MINERAL AND GEOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BOTTOM SEDIMENTS IN THE TANATAR SODA LAKES (KULUNDA PLAIN, RUSSIA)
Аннотация
The lakes of the Kulunda plain have long attracted the attention of researchers. A detailed 10 geochemical testing of a chain of four small soda lakes of the Tanatar group allowed answering a 11 number of questions. We used a complex of modern methods of mineralogy and geochemistry to 12 update and add new data on the main phases of bottom sediments. The studied lakes have a pH ≥ 8 13 and a TDS of 2.1–41.5 g/L and a soda water composition. It has been established that over the 14 past ∼ 100 years there has been no change in the mineral composition of bottom sediments. The 15 main phases of the bottom sediments consist of intermediate and high – Mg calcite and Ca-excess 16 dolomite. Magnesite is presented only as a small impurity. The formation and accumulation of these 17 minerals occur throughout the core of bottom sediments. According to received data, a change in the 18 hydrological regime of the catchment area was established. The feeding regime of the lakes has been 19 changed because of the drying up of the Rublevaya River.
ES5010
POSSIBLE NUTRIENT LOAD REDUCTION ON THE LARGE RIVER CATCHMENT DUE TO THE BEST AVAILABLE TECHNIQUES INTRODUCTION IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION
Аннотация
The study aimed to assess the possible reduction of the nutrient load and nitrogen and phosphorus losses from the Russian part of the Irtysh River catchment, one of our country’s largest transboundary rivers, by implementing the best available techniques (BAT) in agricultural production. The Institute of Limnology Load Model (ILLM) mathematical model of nutrient load on the river watershed was used to solve the problem. Information on the primary sources of the nutrient load was collected for the entire Russian part of the Irtysh River catchment and tributaries catchments: Om, Ishim, Tobol, and Konda rivers. Agricultural activity of more than 800 enterprises concentrated mainly in the southern part of the Russian basin was analyzed. The calculations show that the most significant reduction of agricultural nutrient load due to BAT implementation is achieved in the Russian part of the catchment area of the Tobol River (31% for nitrogen and 25% for phosphorus from the total load on the catchment). The nutrient load can be reduced by 23% of nitrogen and 18% of phosphorus due to BAT implementation from the entire catchment of the Irtysh River (Russian part), which will lead to a corresponding reduction in a nutrient run-off by 13% of nitrogen and 4% of phosphorus. Therefore, a significant decrease in nutrient transport by river flow cannot be expected. However, it is essential to confirm the possibility of nutrient load reduction through the implementation of BAT, aiming at the transition to modern production technologies by minimizing the impact on the environment and maintaining the economic efficiency of agricultural production.
ES5011
INTEGRATING PASSIVE AND ACTIVE REMOTE SENSING DATA WITH SPATIAL FILTERS FOR URBAN GROWTH ANALYSIS IN URMIA, IRAN
Аннотация
Active remote sensing and related technologies are one of the new tools recently used to monitor complications and urban growth. This research aims to investigate the effect of spatial filters on urban complications. The aim of this paper is to compare Lee, Frost and Average spatial filters with Landsat 8 satellite images and radar images with HH/HV polarization to investigate and identify urban features in the west of Urmia City. The results showed that Filterelli with the kernel 3 x 3 had reduced the spike noise in Alus Palsard satellite radar images in identifying the growth of urban tolls. Also, the results of K-means classification, the Lee filter with kernel size 3 x 3 more accurately identifies the urban features of the west of Urmia City. The kappa coefficient was 0.96%, and the overall accuracy of this filter was 97.36%. Therefore, Lee’s spatial filter has successfully identified the urban features of west Urmia with high accuracy. This system can be implemented in any other field due to its generality and reliability. This system may be a step towards remote sensing automation.
ES5012
REVIEW OF MODELS FOR ESTIMATING AND PREDICTING THE AMOUNT OF ENERGY PRODUCED BY SOLAR ENERGY SYSTEMS
Аннотация
Energy production based on renewable sources is a fundamental aspect of society’s sustainable development. The involvement of renewable energy sources in the implementation of modern energy systems can significantly reduce the amount of harmful emissions into the atmosphere and provide greater flexibility of energy infrastructure. The first step in determining the feasibility of involving a particular energy source in the overall energy system of the region is a preliminary assessment of the energy potential to determine the possible percentage of substitution of traditional energy. To solve this problem, it is necessary to use the models of energy supply, which are currently presented in a wide variety. In this regard, this paper proposes to consider various models for estimating the solar energy potential, which can be divided into empirical models and models based on the application of modern intelligent data analysis technologies. Such models are based on many different climatic and geographical indicators, such as: longitude of sunshine, ambient temperature, serial number of the day of the current year, amount of precipitation, average and maximum values of wind speed and so on. The paper analyzed the existing models for estimating the amount of energy, which can be used in the system designed to determine the most optimal configuration of the energy system based on the use of various conversion technologies most relevant to the case under study, and also serve as the basis for creating digital twins designed to model and optimize the operation of the projected energy complex
ES0201
SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR EVALUATING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
Аннотация
In this paper a review of existing software tools for the evaluating and modeling of renewable energy sources, which allow to determine various aspects, such as: the amount of incoming energy for a particular area, the economic feasibility of involving an alternative source, the impact on the environment, the cost of the projected system, the features of the terrain, etc. Programs for the evaluation of solar and wind energy, as well as solutions allowing the evaluation of several different types of renewable energy sources were considered. As a result, open-source software tools, such as: QGIS, SAGA GIS, which can be integrated into the implementation of a comprehensive assessment of renewable energy sources to perform certain functions, such as a preliminary assessment of the gross renewable energy potential in specific geographical conditions and identifying topographical features of the regions under consideration, were defined.
ES0202
URBAN DENDROFLORA OF DRY SUBTROPICS OF THE NORTHWESTERN PART OF THE GREATER CAUCASUS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF GELENDZHIK
Аннотация
The article presents the results of the analysis of the species composition of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik. The research covered 20 hectares of tree plantations. The route method and the transect method were used. In total, 30 transects were laid with a width of 5-20 m and the total length was 22 km. The routes covered all biotopes of natural (natural forest plantations on the outskirts of the city) and anthropogenic habitats (boarding houses, house territories of private households, spontaneous vegetation of roadsides and wastelands). True census of all tree and shrub species was carried out on the transects. Special attention was paid to rare species for which renewal and undergrowth were taken into account. The arboreal flora of Gelendzhik is represented by 110 species, which belong to 75 genera and 35 families. The predominant part of the dendroflora is represented by angiosperms (82.7%) and gymnosperms (13.7%). The families of Rosaceae, Cupressaceae and Fabaceae are most widely represented in the dendroflora of the city's green spaces (44%). The analysis of the species composition on their share of participation showed that the native fraction of the dendroflora prevails over the cultural one, which indicates its species richness. The analysis of the geographical element of the wild-growing fraction showed the heterogeneity of the dendroflora, in the formation of which 15 geographical elements take part. The largest number of species in the studied dendroflora belongs to the ancient Mediterranean group of geoelements. The significant participation of the Mediterranean and Caucasian geoelements indicates a high degree of autochthonicity in the development of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik. Phanerophytes predominate among the life forms, represented equally by mesophanerophytes, nanophanerophytes and microphanerophytes. It should also be emphasized the significant participation of adventitious tree species (15.4% of the aboriginal fraction). Most of the adventitious species are of North American origin. The leading place in the quantitative spectrum is occupied by rare Mediterranean species Pinus brutia var. pityusa (Stev) Silba) (21% of the total number of studied individuals), Prunus mahaleb (L.) Vassilcz.) (7%), Pistacia atlantica Desf. (2.1%), which reflects the specifics of the dendroflora of the city of Gelendzhik.
ES0203
INVESTIGATION OF THE CYCLICITY AND TREND OF THE SURFACE AIR TEMPERATURE ACCORDING TO THE WEATHER STATION MAYAK OF SUKHUM
Аннотация
This paper analyzes the surface air temperature data for the city of Sukhum for the period 1961–2022. These values are presented as time series of average annual temperatures. As a result, we get 2 main components: trend, spectrum (including cycles). In general, the average annual temperature has a predominantly positive trend, i. e. over the entire period the temperature has increased by 1.31 degrees, which may occur against the background of global warming. Accordingly, another task of the current work was to identify cyclic components and determine their physical nature. A quasi-two-year, 5–6-year, solar activity cycle and a multi-year cycle (2–3 decades) are observed
ES0204
CHEMOECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF WATER QUALITY IN THE HAM LUONG RIVER (MEKONG DELTA, VIETNAM)
Аннотация
Investigation of concentrations of organic and inorganic pollutants (hydrocarbons, including oil hydrocarbons, and trace elements – heavy metals and metalloids) in the Ham Luong River in the Mekong Delta was carried out and water quality was assessed by comparing the obtained levels of values with the regulatory limits of concentration. The determination of the total content of hydrocarbons and oil hydrocarbons was made by gas chromatography method; the trace elements were measured by ICP-MS technique after chemical treatment of samples. The content of oil hydrocarbons in the Ham Luong River water ranged from 0.042 to 0.076 mg/l. These values were quite high, exceeding the sanitary standard (0.05 mg/l) for fishery reservoirs, or approaching it, but they were lower compared to Vietnam national standard for domestic supply water (0.1 mg/l). The content of hydrocarbons in suspended matter was in the range of 0.011–0.37 mg/l. The concentrations of 15 trace elements were studied, nine of them (Ni, Fe, V, As, Se, Be, Cd, Sb, Tl) did not exceed any of the established regulatory limits of concentration for surface water. However, concentrations of six trace elements (Pb, Zn, Cu, Co, Ag, Mo) were found to exceed the standard regulatory limits. Among the studied 15 trace elements, critical and potentially critical elements were identified, which are subject to primary monitoring control. Chemoecological studies of water quality are important for monitoring of the ecological and sanitary water state for ensure the quality of consumed natural resources and to preserve the biological diversity of the Mekong Delta ecosystems.
ES0205
VARIATIONS OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC ATMOSPHERIC BOUNDARY LAYER GASEOUS SPECIES BY OBSERVATIONS IN MOSCOW AND ZVENIGOROD
Аннотация
Anthropogenic pollution of the atmosphere with organic and inorganic gaseous species has been studied using constant high-quality monitoring of the atmosphere composition both in megacity of Moscow and in its countryside. The article considers continuous measurements of the main climatically and chemically active atmospheric gaseous species concentrations, including volatile organic compounds. The main attention is paid to the comparative analysis, mainly between the megacity and its suburban area, by average species concentrations and some quality features of their seasonal and diurnal variations. The obtained results confirmed the previously studied features of the daily variations of inorganic gaseous species in Moscow and showed such features for organic compounds in the countryside.
ES0206
EVALUATION OF CHANGES IN THE SCALE AND DIRECTION OF THERMAL POLLUTION FLOWS IN THE KALININ NPP COOLING LAKES FROM 1985 TO 2020
Аннотация
The article evaluates the change in the scale and direction of thermal pollution flows of the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP from 1985 to 2020 based on the use of Earth remote sensing data. A retrospective analysis was carried out using satellite images obtained by the sensors of the Landsat series satellites. An analysis of the distribution of surface water temperature over the water area of NPP cooling lakes has been carried out. The change in the structure of thermal pollution after the increase in the capacity of the Kalinin NPP is determined. The temperature of the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP was estimated relative to the background indicators in the lakes-analogues, which were used as nearby Lake Navolok and Lake Kezadra. The study identified five stages of transformation of the water mass circulation system in the cooling lakes of the Kalinin NPP.
ES0207
E-WASTE: A CONCISE UPDATE ON GLOBAL MOVEMENT, IMPACTS, MANAGEMENT, AND SITE REMEDIATION
Аннотация
The rapid rise of electronic waste (e-waste) worldwide has become a public health concern. Wealthy countries are disposing of their e-waste to other countries taking advantage of their less stringent environmental laws and regulations. China used to receive large amounts of e-waste through Hong Kong (a free port) but banned the entry of e-waste in 2013. Salvaging or recycling different parts of the e-waste using primitive and uncontrolled techniques generated a wide range of toxic chemicals (mainly heavy metals and persistent organic pollutants). Most studies concerning the environmental and health impacts of the emitted toxic chemicals were conducted in China. The principal aim of this short article is to review the various environmental problems and health impacts of e-waste recycling, policies, management, and remediation of contaminated sites. Out of the primitive methods used for recycling, the two most destructive ones causing harm to the environment and human health are (1) Open-burning of e-waste for disposing of the salvaged e-waste and (2) Acid-stripping of electronic boards for collecting precious metals (gold, silver, platinum). There is sufficient evidence showing the associations between the toxic chemicals in different media (i.e., water, soil/sediment, air) and local food items (i.e., fish, meat, vegetables), linking with body burdens (hair, milk, placenta) of workers and residents. The epidemiological data further demonstrated the abrupt rise of several significant diseases (i.e., respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease, malignant tumors) in Taizhou (China), one of the two e-waste recycling sites. Effective policies and vigorous enforcement in managing e-waste are essential. International cooperation is necessary to prohibit the transboundary movement of e-waste. Sites contaminated by e-waste recycling contain incredibly high concentrations of toxic pollutants, which should be removed using excavation, degradation (via microbes, nanoparticles, biochar), soil washing, etc. Planting appropriate plants with associated rhizospheric microbes would achieve longer-term stability.
ES0208
MONITORING THE CONTENT OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN SOILS AND NATURAL HERBAL VEGETATION OF TECHNOGENEOUSLY POLLUTED TERRITORY
Аннотация
Currently, one of the most important problems is the pollution of natural systems by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) as a result of human industrial activity. In this connection, it is necessary to carry out monitoring of territories subjected to the anthropogenic impact. As a result of the monitoring study of the impact zone of the fuel and energy complex enterprises, it was found that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the soil of the impact zone accumulate mainly up to 2 km along the line of the prevailing wind rose from the enterprise. The group composition of PAHs is dominated by 4-ring compounds, exceeding the background values by 23 times. At the same time, plants growing on the territory of the impact zone mainly accumulate such compounds as fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo[a]anthracene and phenanthrene, which is 70–82% of the total content of polyarenes in various parts of plants.
ES0209
PROPERTIES OF SHORT-PERIOD INTERNAL WAVES IN THE KARA GATES STRAIT REVEALED FROM SPACEBORNE SAR DATA
Аннотация
This paper presents the results of identification of surface manifestations (SM) of short-period internal waves (SIW) in Sentinel-1 A/B synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images of the Kara Gates Strait in August–September 2021. 44 SM of SIW trains were detected in 47 SAR images. Statistics of occurrence, propagation direction and spatial characteristics of SIWs in the study area are given. During two months, satellite observations cover almost all phases of spring-neap tidal cycle. The use of a detailed topography of the study area made it possible to identify certain regions with a more frequent presence of the SIW leading crests with a particular focus made on the shallow (< 100 m) part of the strait. Each identified region is then described in terms of water depth, dimensionless slope, amplitudes of tidal current velocity and properties of SIWs. The obtained results were then compared with the results of previous studies.
ES0210
HISTOGRAMS OF THE CASPIAN SEA HYDROMETEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Аннотация
The article analyzes histograms of the distribution of the main hydrometeorological parameters of the Caspian Sea for 1980–2021 – air temperature, atmospheric pressure, absolute humidity, atmospheric precipitation and wind speed according to the MERRA-2 atmospheric reanalysis. Histograms were constructed for the entire study region of the Caspian Sea (36◦–48◦N, 45.625◦–55◦E), as well as separately for land and sea areas. The extremeness criteria were calculated based on the normal distribution and the real histogram for all 5 main meteorological parameters. A comparison was made of histograms obtained from MERRA-2 data and from weather station at Derbent located on the coast of the Caspian Sea. Distributions of average monthly wind speed, integral water vapor content and water vapor content in clouds over the Caspian Sea were also constructed according to microwave radiometry (SMMR, SSM/I) data for the time interval 1980–2021.
ES0211
TEMPORAL VARIABILITY OF SOIL TEMPERATURE IN THE NORTH-WEST ARCTIC ZONE OF RUSSIA. PART I: INTERANNUAL LINEAR TRENDS BASED ON THERMOMETER MEASUREMENTS AND REANALYSIS DATA
Аннотация
In this article we investigate near-surface air temperature (NSAT) and soil temperature variability at four depths in the region of the White Sea, Murmansk and Arkhangelsk Regions, and Republic of Karelia. For the analysis we used NOAA-CIRES-DOE 20th Century Reanalysis (Version 3) reanalysis data for the 1980–2015 time period and data of bent-stem thermometers at 5, 10, 15, 20 cm depths and extraction thermometers at 20, 60, 80, 120, 240 and 320 cm depths for 1985-2021 time period. Average variability of NSAT is estimated using linear trend as +0.028 ◦C/year. For soil temperature a linear trend is of +0.0137 ◦C/year on surface (0 cm), +0.0136 ◦C/year at 10 cm depth, +0.0142 ◦C/year at 40 cm depth and +0.0133 ◦C/year at 100 cm depth.
ES0212
USING THE STRATEGY OF MULTI-CLOUD SOLUTIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
Аннотация
This paper discusses several extremely promising applications of multi-cloud solutions that can help achieve environmental protection and sustainability goals, provide ecological benefits, and aid wildlife research, conservation and protection. The widespread adoption of multi-cloud strategies helps illustrate the range of initiatives and approaches to reduce environmental burdens employed by government agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private companies.
ES0213
ACTIVATION OF DANGEROUS NATURAL PROCESSES ON THE TERRITORY OF THE KABARDINO-BALKARIAN AND KARACHAY-CHERKESS REPUBLICS
Аннотация
The paper considers the manifestations of dangerous natural processes and their consequences in the territories of two republics – the Kabardino-Balkarian and Karachay-Cherkess Republics for the period from 2015 to 2022. On the basis of the collected material, an analysis of the manifestations of hazardous natural processes was carried out and maps-schemes were compiled.
ES0214
IMPACT OF NANO-FERTILIZERS AND NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF STRAWBERRY
Аннотация
In the pursuit of enhancing agricultural practices, this research delves into the intricate interplay between nano-fertilizers, nutrient management strategies, and their collective impact on the growth and yield metrics of strawberries. The present research was carried out to ascertain the impact of nano-fertilizers (ZnO and FeO) and integrated nutrients management (Phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) & Azotobacter) on strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) Cv. Winter Dawn. The results of present work showed different treatments of nano fertilizers and nutrients management has variable impact on strawberry growth such as treatment 7 (T7: 50% Recommended dose of fertilizer) + FYM + vermicompost + Azotobacter + 150 ppm nano-ZnO + 150 ppm nano-FeO) showed highest growth parameters regarding number of leaves (14), plant height (11.24 cm), leaf area (74.86 cm2) and chlorophyll content (52.41 μmol/m2) etc. compared with other treatments. However, treatment (T9: 50% RDF + FYM + vermicompost + Azotobacter + PSB + nano-ZnO + nano-FeO) indicated bit similar regarding number of leaves (13.33), plant height (11.96 cm), leaf area (74.08 cm2) and chlorophyll content (53.06 μmol/m2) etc. The biochemical parameters were also observed higher in treatment (T9). Considering above results, it can be concluded that the dose, i. e., 50% RDF along with FYM, vermicompost and Azotobactor + ZnO + FeO (150 ppm) could enhance growth and yield of strawberry.
ES0215
RARE FLORA OF THE KHADZHOKH RECREATIONAL AREA OF THE REPUBLIC OF ADYGEA
Аннотация
The problem of preserving the diversity of the Earth’s flora is extremely relevant due to the increasing impact of economic and other human activities on the natural environment. The most fragile and very significant part of the flora in need of protection are rare, endangered and threatened with extinction species. From a biological point of view, these categories include: species that are not threatened with extinction, but their number on the planet is very small; species that are dying out as a result of evolutionary processes; species that are potentially vulnerable due to their biological characteristics; widespread species that reduce their range and numbers as a result of anthropogenic influences. The article shows that the Khadzhokh recreational area of the Republic of Adygea includes three settlements: the villages of Dakhovskaya, Kamennomostsky and Pobeda, which are the most attractive for the local population and tourists from all the regions of Russia and abroad. Based on the survey of the territory of the area in 2017–2022, we studied landscape and botanical monuments of nature and identified rare plants. The rare flora of the area includes a large proportion of relict and endemic species. The rarest plant species are recommended for inclusion in the third edition of the Red Book of the Republic of Adygea, which will be published in 2023. The limiting factors of the rare flora of the area are revealed. The aim of the work is to study the Khadjokh recreational zone of the Republic of Adygea, identify the species composition of plants in this territory and identify rare species, assess the current state of their populations and determine the category of rarity status for the third edition of the Red Book of the Republic.
ES0216
GEOLOGICAL FILTRATION MODEL OF THE LAYERS OF NIZOVSKY FIELD OF VOLGA-URAL OIL AND GAS PROVINCE
Аннотация
The article presents the results of modeling a three-dimensional digital geological filtration model. The substantiation of the volumetric grids of the model is given and the analysis of the distribution of filtration-capacitance properties of layers and models of reservoir saturation with fluids is carried out. Based on the constructed three-dimensional model of Nizovsky field, the reliability of revealing hydrocarbon reserves at the field has been confirmed.
ES0217
TRANSFORMATION AND FEATURES OF PLANT SUCCESSIONS OF THE TAMAN PENINSULA IN CASE OF TECHNOGENIC IMPACT
Аннотация
The impact of technogenic objects on the plant communities of the Taman Peninsula is considered. Technogenic transformations lead to destabilization of the balance in plant communities and landscapes of the Taman Peninsula. Anthropogenic successions are manifested differently in different types of ecosystems. The speed and nature of these processes usually determine the resistance of individual populations to the action of new environmental factors on them. When the vegetation cover is destroyed, the succession will focus on the formation of a ruderal community. When the sand-shell substrate was replaced with cement blocks in the littoral zone, the succession began to form linear synanthropic communities.
ES0218