Propositional-frame analysis of statements as a way of reconstructing the meaning of a word (using the example of "official")

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Abstract

The article tests one of the variants of the cognitive-semantic approach to the study of the polysemantic adjective "official": a frame-proposition 'Official action' is constructed, in which the component representatives represent a systematized speech context of the lexical unit under study. The use of frame modeling seems relevant, since it meets modern ideas about the functioning meaning, combining different types of knowledge about the word, including extralinguistic information. The aim of the study is to clarify the semantic structure of "official" in the context of different lexicographic solutions and a dynamically developing social context. The article is written on the basis of the National Corpus of the Russian Language, the material is chronologically limited to 2010-2021. In the frame proposition, in addition to the constant attribute "official" and the predicate, the semantic roles of Agent, Result, Method, Experiencer, Means, Potential Counterparty, Beneficiary, Social Environment are distinguished. These semantic roles partially correlate with dictionary meanings. Mapping the semantic space of "official" based on the representations of semantic roles according to the obtained result turned out to be the closest to the lexicographic solutions of the "Modern Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language" by T. F. Efremova and the "Big Academic Dictionary of the Russian Language" (vol. 15). The scientific novelty of the conducted research is connected with the description of the dynamics of the basic meaning of “official” (expansion of the denotation of the Agent at the expense of non-state actors); interpretation of non-standard word usages (explanation of the possibility of their use by the speaker’s reliance on the social norm); identification of the semantic core of the polysemantic. It has been established that the core semantic features of “official”, which are expressed by representatives of the majority of semantic roles and are regularly implied, are ‘norm’ and ‘document’.

About the authors

Natalya Vasilyevna Orlova

F.M. Dostoevsky Omsk State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: nvorl@rambler.ru
Omsk, Russian Federation

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