Vol 17, No 5 (2012)
- Year: 2012
- Articles: 14
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/1560-9529/issue/view/2417
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/EID.175
Articles
MORPHOLOGICAL BASIS OF AUTOIMMUNE MANIFESTATIONS IN VIRAL HEPATITISES
Abstract
The purpose of the study - to study morphological basis of extrahepatic lesions and autoimmune manifestations in chronic viral hepatitises Methods of performance. By indirect immunofluorescence ASMA, AMA, ANA, by enzyme immunoassay - the Anti-LKM-1 were determined. Cryoglobulins (CG) have been revealed with the use of qualitative visualization method, rheumatoid factor (RF) was determined in serum by semiquantitative latex agglutination on a slide. Patients underwent liver biopsy. A punction liver biopsy according to Mengini was performed with the subsequent histologic and morphological research of obtained liver bioptates with the use of an immunohistochemKal and immunocytochemical methods. Results. In patients with chronic viral hepatitis autoimmune manifestations (RF, CG, ASMA, ANA, AMA, anti-LKM-1) were identified at the same rate regardless of the degree of histological activity. In the liver bioptate in patients with chronic viral hepatitises the complex of regulatory T cells (CD4 + CD25 +), which indicates to the presence of morphological and functional basis for the formation of autoimmune manifestations against persistent viral infection was detected. Conclusion. Identified by ourselves autoimmune manifestations in the blood serum be embodied in the morphological changes of the liver tissue, at that the morphological changes characteristic of autoimmune hepatitises, are observed mainly in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and C, with moderate and high histological activity.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):4-6
4-6
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF GENETIC FACTORS OF HEPATITIS C VIRUS AND GENE POLYMORPHISM IN INFECTED PATIENTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF LIVER FIBROSIS
Abstract
The purpose of the study - to reveal the dependence of the rate of development of liver fibrosis (LF) on genetic factors of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes of infected people. In the three groups of patients with different rates of development of LF, HCV subtype, viral load, the number of quasi- variant forms and the presence of intergenotype recombinantion, SNPs of human cytokine genes (IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, IL-28B, TNF-a , TGF-ß1), hereditary hemochromatosis (HFE), genes involved in the development of endothelial dysfunction (eNOS) and oxidative stress (CYBA) were analyzed. In all groups of patients with HCV subtype 1b prevailed. In the groups with moderate and fast speed of development of LF viral load was revealed to be higher than in the group with the slow development of fibrosis. The number of genetic variants within E2 protein zone in the latter group of patients is characterized to be more than in other groups. Recombinant HCV RNA (2k/1b) was found in the groups with moderate and rapid development of LF. SNP analysis of genes of patients showed a statistically significant relationship between the rapid formation of LF and allelic variants of IL-1ß (-511 TT), IL-10 (-1082 AA), TNF-a (-238 GA or AA) and HFE (S282Y or Y282Y )genes. In other SNPs of analyzed gene there no association with speed of LF was found.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):7-13
7-13
THE CONDITION OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH PNEUMONIA ASSOCIATED WITH INFLUENZA A/H1N1
Abstract
The study of serum immunoglobulins in patients with severe pneumonia associated with influeunza A/H1N1 showed that the greatest increase in IgM has been noted at the onset of hospital treatment. Increasing the concentration of IgA noted equally with varying severity of influenza pneumonia, in contrast to bacterial. IgG indices recorded at the control level of numbers in all studied groups.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):13-16
13-16
Immunological indices in flu patients
Abstract
The results of the analysis of immunological features of influenza during the epidemic rise in incidence are presented. In 39 patients aged from 8 to 34 years with moderate disease course changes in the serum concentration of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and levels of production of interferons alpha and gamma (IFN = alpha and IFN=gamma) at beginning of the disease and in early recovery period were studied. The features and differences of the cytokine response during influenza in dependence on the etiology of the disease, presence of complications, gender, age of the patient, in women during pregnancy, as well as the various types of causal treatment have been revealed. Based on the characteristics of the dynamic fluctuations in the concentration of IFN-alpha, IFN gamma =, TNF-alpha in flu patients predictors of adverse clinical course are identified.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):16-21
16-21
IMMUNOLOGICAL PARAMETERSAND BLOOD LYMPHOCYTE ENZYME PROFILE IN BABIES WITH RECURRENT RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS
Abstract
84 babies aged 1 to 3 years suffered from recurrent respiratory infections were studied. Cellular and humoral immunological parameters, phagocytic activity of neutrophils and activities of NAD- and NADP-dependent dehydrogenases in peripheral blood lymphocytes were estimated. Immunophenotypic changes found in blood lymphocytes included decreased IgA levels and a tendency of serum IgM to increase. An elevated level of circulating immune complexes was revealed in the blood serum. Decreased levels active neutrophils in the peripheral blood were detected. In the enzyme status of blood lymphocytes such changes as increased levels of synthetic processes and intense intracellular energy metabolism can be observed.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):22-25
22-25
SEROTYPING OF STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE STRAINS, ISOLATED FROM CHILDREN IN URAL REGION WITH THE USE OF MULTIPLEX PCR
Abstract
This article presents results of the multiplex PCR investigation of the serotypes distribution of S. pneumoniae strains circulating in Ekaterinburg and the Sverdlovsk region. This study was performed in children with invasive, noninvasive pneumococcal infections and carriers. 118 strains of pneumococci typed out of 129 ones (91.5%) referred to the 15 serotypes: 6A, 6B (20,8%); 23F (13,9%); 19F (11,5%); 8, 9V, 9A, 11F, 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, 12F, 15A, 33F (11,5%); 3 (10%) 2, 15F, 17F, 22F, 23B (3,9%); 18B, 18C (3.9%), 19A (3,2%); 7F, 19B, 19C, 23A (3,2%); 5,10A (1.6%), 20 (1.6%), 14 (1, 6%); 9L, 9N, 15B, 15C (1,6%); 18F (1,6%); 18A (1.6%). Coincidence rate of serotypes S. pneumoniae, isolated from children with chronic infectious and inflammatory diseases of the lung with serotypes included into the content of the conjugate vaccines is: 7-valent - 69.3%, 10-valent - 98.2%, 11 - and 13-valent - 100%.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):26-30
26-30
The evolution of the pathogen and the clinical and epidemiological features of the recent cholera (el tor)
Abstract
In a comparative perspective studied cholera outbreak in the Caucasus due to typical toxigenic and genetically modified (hybrid) El Tor variant strains have been studied. Revealed features of the genetic structure of the genome, factors and ways of transmission of the causative agent of modern cholera El tor should be considered when improving the program of epidemiological supervision in terms of enhancing antiepidemic and prevention measures in cholera, the causative factor of which are of hybrid variants of Vibrio cholerae El tor.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):31-35
31-35
THE INFLUENCE OF SOME FACTORS ON THE FORMATION OF BIOFILM BY TOXIGENIC AND NON-TOXIGENIC VIBRIO CHOLERAE EL TOR STRAINS
Abstract
The early stages of biofilm formation on polystyrene surface were studied in 14 Vibrio cholerae El Tor strains, all of which carried genes of vps cluster, mshA, and hapR genes. 13 Vibrio cholerae El Tor strains were shown to be capable of adsorption on the walls of microtiter plate wells and of ring formation at the "polystyrene-medium" interface. One of the Vibrio cholerae El Tor strains tested was defective in this ability. The use of different media - modified M1 medium and 1 per cent peptone - failed to reveal sufficient influence of culture medium composition on the ability of Vibrio cholerae to form multilayer biofilm at the phase boundary "polystyrene-medium". Temperature reduction from 37°C to 25°C also didn t result in statistically significant enhancement of monolayer formation in both media. Quantitative evaluation of biofilm formation showed that this ability was clearly marked only in two toxigenic and two non-toxigenic strains of Vibrio cholerae El Tor. Monolayer comparison in ELISA demonstrated that only two toxigenic and two non-toxigenic strains possessed the ability for exopolysaccharide production.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):36-40
36-40
MELIOIDOSIS: RESULTS OF CENTENARY STUDY, MODERN PROBLEMS AND NEAREST PERSPECTIVES
Abstract
The paper summarizes the data on scientific investigations of melioidosis from the date of its discovery by A. Whitmore in 1912 up to now. The particular attention has been attracted to the modern conception of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment of the disease and also ecology of its agent (Burkholderia pseudomallei). The nearest perspectives on organizational, methodical and scientific developments on prophylaxis and treatment of this particularly dangerous infectious diseases are suggested.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):41-46
41-46
A CASE OF ACUTE URINARY SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN A RUSSIAN TOURIST TRAVELED TO UPPER NILE IN KENYA AND UGANDA AND REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Abstract
A case of acute schistosomiasis with febrile, high peripheral eosinophilia and haematuria is presented as a 28-years-old male tourist traveled to upper Nile in Kenia and Uganda. The patient was successfully treated with praziquantel. Although acute urinary schistosomiasis have been rare in Russian travelers this should not be discounted in patients with febrile, high peripheral eosinophilia and haematuria returning from tropical countries. Some behavior habits regarding acquiring of infection are discussed.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):47-50
47-50
CASE OF SEVERE DENGUE FEVER DENGUE ASSOCIATED WITH WILSON-KONOVALOV DISEASE
Abstract
A case of severe dengue fever in a patient with Wilson-Konovalov disease occurred after a trip to Thailand is described. Difficulties of diagnostics of dengue fever at an out-patient and hospital stage are noted. The possible severe course of infectious diseases associated with chronic somatic pathology is discussed.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):50-53
50-53
A RARE CASE OF GENERALIZED LEGIONELLOSIS IN THE PRACTICE OF INFECTIOUS DISEASE PHYSICIAN
Abstract
In legionellosis specific clinical manifestations and radiographic criteria are absent, so the identification of legionellosis is possible only with the widespread introduction of specific methods of laboratory diagnosis, that if necessary will allow to adjust quickly antibiotic therapy.
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):54-56
54-56
THE SUCCESSFUL EXPERIENCE OF ANTIVIRAL THERAPY FOR HEPATITIS C IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA IN THE EARLY POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD
Abstract
To show the need for a comprehensive assessment of non-invasive, invasive and laboratory examination of patients with newly diagnosed hepatitis, especially in presence of space-occupying lesions of the liver (cysts) for detection of cancer pathology. Methods of performing. To confirm the diagnosis of HCC, the following instrumental methods of examination of the patient have been performed: ultrasound, CT and MRI of the internal organs of the pelvis and abdomen. The puncture of cystic formation was performed with the purpose of morphological verification of the diagnosis. A morphological and histological study of the tumor was performed. Evaluation of laboratory parameters included the basic general clinical and biochemical analyzes, as well as FibroMax, tumor markers: CEA, SA19-9, AFR, the qualitative and quantitative determination of HCV RNA. Results. Showed that taken separately laboratory values or single screening tool examination fail to give the fully valid answer about the nature and course of the pathological process. Conclusion. Comprehensive evaluation of patients with newly diagnosed HCV and timely initiated antiviral therapy permit to prevent or postpone the promote manifestations of chronic HCV, to preclude the development of primary HCC and its recurrence. When making a decision on the tactics of the management of the patient it is necessary to consider the totality of all the necessary instrumental and non-instrumental and laboratory methods of examination Keywords: chronic viral hepatitises C, hepatocellular carcinoma, oncomarkers, treatment of HCC and CHCV
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):57-61
57-61
ACADEMICIAN K.V BUNIN AND HIS SCHOOL (ON THE OCCASION OF THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF HIS BIRTH)
Abstract
The life and career way of outstanding national infectious disease specialist, a talented organizer of medical science, known public figure, the creator of the original scientific school, Academician of AMS of the USSR, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, Professor Konstantin V. Bunin is presented in the paper
Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases. 2012;17(5):61-63
61-63