Addictive spectrum: pro et contra

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Abstract

In recent decades psychiatry has increasingly debated issues related to the spectrum of mental disorders. The article analyzes modern classifications of mental disorders from the standpoint of the spectral approach. Various concepts of the addictive disorder spectrum are discussed. The benefits of the spectral approach are discussed in detail: a better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis, the study of new forms of addictive states/disorders, the expansion of therapeutic approaches, and multidisciplinarity. Alternative points of view are analyzed that the spectral approach leads to anosologism, erasure of the border of norm and pathology, medicalization of non-nosological conditions, relativism of psychopharmacotherapy. In conclusion, the concept is proposed that the addictive spectrum should include disorders that have similar symptoms, similar genetic predisposing factors, similar neurobiological mechanisms, similar psychological mechanisms, similar (effective) pharmacological and psychotherapeutic interventions.

About the authors

Alexey Y. Egorov

I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry Russian Academy of Sciences; I.I. Mechnikov Northwestern State Medical University; St. Petersburg State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: draegorov@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5737-8560

доктор медицинских наук, профессор, зав. лабораторией нейрофизиологии и патологии поведения

Russian Federation, 194223, St. Petersburg, pr. Toreza, 44; 191015, St. Petersburg, Kirochnaya str., 41; 199034, St. Petersburg, Universitetskaya Embankment, 7–9

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