Interaction of Photons with Electrons of a Metal during the Irradiation of Its Surface in Vector-Potential Space

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The interaction between a photon and a material particle (electron and atom) is considered in a reference system moving at the speed of light in vector-potential space. Based on Noether’s theorem it is shown that in vector-potential space the volumetric density of the photon energy, its velocity, and the ring current density of a material particle are retained. Based on solution of the Schrodinger equation for a photon and an electron interacting in vector-potential space, it is shown that during the interaction the electron should represent a quantum oscillator with a discrete set of energies. Electron fluctuations or Dirac’s electron jitter occur at the speed of light. The problem of the appearance of the magnetic moment (spin) of an electron in vector-potential space is considered. The conditions of the quantization of atomic currents in vector-potential space and also Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle in this space are presented. The Lamb frequency shift in the vector-potential space is found. A multiphoton system in the vector-potential space is investigated.