Vol 60, No 6 (2017)

Problems related to the organization of the process of manufacturing integrated circuits are considered. A production process control subsystem for the manufacture of trial lots of integrated circuits for further organization of batch production is developed. The use of a module for optimization of production processes for the purpose of constructing a mathematical model that takes into account cause-effect relationships between the quality indicators of the elements of the system is proposed.

Problems of providing uniformity of measurements of the thickness of metallic coatings by the eddy-current phase method are examined. The physical principles of the method as well as the design and metrological characteristics of the measuring instruments are analyzed. The dependences of the error of measuring the thickness of metallic coatings on the influencing parameters during graduation, verification, and calibration are obtained. The requirements imposed on the electrophysical parameters of metallic coating thickness standards are formulated.

A mathematical model for use in calculating the relative errors in measurements of the volumetric heat capacity and thermal diffusivity of heat-insulating materials through the use of a linear pulse heat source is developed. Techniques for processing experimental data and for selecting the basic structural dimension of the measuring device and the optimal length of the thermal pulse are created.

A computational model of a magnetized segment of a pipeline created for the software of a new and promising method of internal pipe flaw detection is presented. Verification of the applicability of the computational model is performed on a test bench containing a control segment of the pipe with artificially created defects of different shapes. The values of the induction of the magnetic field inside the pipe near the defects obtained by means of the computational model are compared to data obtained in the course of measurements of the magnetic field by variable inductance and flux-gate transducers. Recommendations to improve the capabilities of fl aw detection measurement systems are given on the basis of an analysis of the results of a calculation.

The block diagram and the principle of action of a new measuring complex for determination of temperature and humidity of fibrous materials and dispersed environments based on dependence of dielectric characteristics of materials on their moisture content are described. The experimental results showing electrophysical characteristics of cotton materials are presented.

The results of a comparison of the most common optimization methods for the nonparametric estimation of the probability density of Rosenblatt–Parzen are presented. To select the optimal values of the blur coefficients of kernel functions, minimum conditions for the standard deviation of the nonparametric estimate of the probability density and the maximum of the likelihood function are used.

An algorithm for estimating the temperature of local heating with an electron-probe low-voltage nanoanalysis is proposed. The approximation of the electron energy loss function in a solid is used. Expressions were obtained for calculating the temperature distribution in a sample irradiated by a focused electron beam.

The construction of an information measurement system based on the NI6221 multifunctional card and the Matlab programming environment is considered. Solutions of the hardware component and software for measurement of the parameters of electromechanical systems and diagnostics of the state of systems are presented.

The influence of geomagnetic activity on the metrological characteristics of inclinometric informationmeasuring systems was studied. The necessity of introducing indices of geomagnetic activity with the aim of formalizing this influence and clarifying the metrological characteristics of inclinometer equipment is substantiated. A step-by-step methodology for calculating the introduced indices is proposed and described. We numerically calculate and estimate the proposed indexes on the basis of real models of geomagnetic activity over a 72-hour time period. The obtained results are analyzed.

Results of applying a method of multi-portion weight measuring for refilling tanks of the Fregat upper stage at the Guiana Space Center are presented. The equipment and a program-algorithmic system were developed to execute this method. The capability of refilling upper stage tanks with error 0.04–0.08% is experimentally proved. In 2009–2015, there were 11 successful refillings on the equipment.

On page 1343 in the first formula and the line following, the symbol “C¹” should read “\( {C}_{\mathrm{m}}^1 \).”

The problem of determining a small displacement of an object from a series of images in an interference microscope is studied. The extent of the effect of phase noise of the restoration of the coherent structure of a field is estimated. The effect of the heterogeneity of individual pixels of a matrix photodetector of a raster image is investigated.

The possibility of calibrating a photoemission pyrometer without using a standard temperaturel radiator is examined. The validity of such calibration is shown, since the calculated calibration curve agrees with that obtained with the use of a ribbon filament lamp.

Results are presented for the comparison of DC voltage reproduced using equipment based on SIS and SNS-type Josephson junctions. The difference of reproduced voltages in the range from 1·10^–3 to10 V did not exceed 0.5 nV.

Increased accuracy of measurements of thickness of freshwater ice is examined. Analysis of reflected signals in various hazardous situations is carried out. An algorithm for identifying possible options for a hazardous situation is proposed. Restrictions on the use of this algorithm are shown.

Measurement errors of acoustical parameters during ultrasonic inspection of metal pipes using an excitation signal in the form of a radio pulse are examined.

A new high-intensity source of intermediate neutrons in the center of the active zone of a powerful pulsed BRK1 reactor has been created. Measurement of the differential energy spectrum of neutrons in the source has been performed by the neutron-activation method, using the standardized KASKAD computational program. The neutron characteristics of the created source of neutrons have been compared with foreign analogues.

A device was developed for searching of optimal parameters for the treatment of biological objects by an alternating magnetic field, where the optimal parameters are determined through automated analysis of the dependencies of the physical characteristics of biological liquids obtained from those biological objects on the frequency and strength of the field.

The main issues and recent achievements in the field of metrological assurance of carbon isotope-ratio analysis are considered. An overview of the existing methods of carbon isotope-ratio analysis of gaseous, liquid, and solid substances is offered. Recommendations for the development of new carbon isotopic reference gaseous mixtures in vessels under pressure traceable to the international standard VPDB are given. The basic error limits required for their certification are formulated.