Ашық рұқсат Рұқсат жабық

Рұқсат берілді Рұқсат жабық

Тек жазылушылар үшін

№ 3 (2023)

Жылы: 2023
Мақалалар: 8
URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/0373-658X/issue/view/8250

Бүкіл шығарылым

Ашық рұқсат
Рұқсат жабық

Рұқсат берілді
Рұқсат жабық

Тек жазылушылар үшін

Articles

Delimiting the class of derived prepositions in Russian: Grammatical and semantic features of isključaja ‘excluding’ and vključaja, sčitaja ‘including’

Uryson E.

Аннотация

The object of the article are Russian forms isključaja ‘excluding, except’, and vključaja, sčitaja, both meaning ‘including’, which are traditionally classified as derived prepositions. I demonstrate that these items have properties of both verbs (more precisely, adverbial participles) and prepositions. Still, it is necessary to attribute each item to a certain part of speech. To solve this problem, I use the principle of economy of linguistic description. I show that the description of the items under discussion is shorter and more adequate if we agree to regard them as adverbial participles (gerunds) used in the function of a preposition. I propose an analytic explication of meaning for each item and, besides that, explain why isključaja does not combine with an existential quantifier.

Көрсету

Жасыру

Voprosy Jazykoznanija. 2023;(3):7-26

7-26

(Rus)

(JATS XML)

Russian colloquial complement clauses with čto: Quotative use and other special properties

Letuchiy A.

Аннотация

The article addresses Russian colloquial constructions with the complemtizer čto, such as Ty skaži, čto ja že ne znal ‘Say that you didn’t know it (lit. ‘that “I didn’t know that”’) or On načal izvinjat’sja, čto on ne xotel ‘He began to apologize that he didn’t mean that’. These constructions are mainly described in respect of person: namely, of indexical shift, meaning that person is marked as in direct, rather than indirect speech. However, it turns out that other features also make this construction special: the two of them we describe here are possibility of interrogative and imperative constructions in the embedded clause and extended use of embedded clauses with the semantic role of content with verbs like otkazyvat’sja ‘refuse’ or izvinjat’sja ‘apologize’, which normally do not take this type of complement clauses. All these features are parts of the same process: re-analysis of the complementizer as a sort of a citation marker. At the same time, the three features do not necessarily correlate with each other: some uses are characterized with only one or two colloquial features. The data also show that some properties of constructions under analysis make them similar to unmarked complementation: both types of constructions do not behave as canonical complex sentences, and the second part does not show all properties of embedded clauses. In this sense, both the colloquial constructions with čto and unmarked complement clauses allow to unite two clauses, the second part not being signifi cantly demoted in syntactic status.

Көрсету

Жасыру

Voprosy Jazykoznanija. 2023;(3):27-59

27-59

(Rus)

(JATS XML)

Indefi niteness in Russian expressions like Oni brali vsë, čto najdut

Bernitskaïa N., Roudet R.

Аннотация

The purpose of this work is to study the elements of indefiniteness in Russian complex sentences like Oni brali vsë, čto najdut ‘They took everything they could find’ (lit. ‘…everything they will find’). On the one hand, we are trying to give an accurate idea of the characteristics of the referent which is relativized, and, on the other hand, we are studying the role of the perfective future tense in the expression of indefiniteness. It turns out that the perfective future expresses a special type of iterativity, which we call aleatoric iterativity; the perfective future is only used in distributive situations and is always associated with a variable referent. In addition, this use of the perfective future, like many non-futural uses of this form, bears a modal meaning. The article also defends the hypothesis that the category of indefiniteness is gradual. Formal indicators of the degree of indefiniteness are the correlate to in the main clause and the particle ni before the perfective future-tense verb in the realtive clause.

Көрсету

Жасыру

Voprosy Jazykoznanija. 2023;(3):60-76

60-76

(Rus)

(JATS XML)

The role of live material in verification of etymological hypotheses: The case of Russian čepuxa ‘nonsense’

Berezovich E.

Аннотация

The article discusses the problems of etymologization of words with an expressive (and often derogatory) meaning, using the example of Russian čepuxa ‘nonsense’. The previously existing versions of this word’s origin are analyzed, their vulnerable aspects are noticed. The author develops the unpopular version by A. B. Strakhov, who interpreted the word as a formation with the archaic prefix če- and the root pux-; initially, čepuxa meant, probably, a kind of substance from a multitude of small particles, perceived as insignificant, not valuable (the result of fluttering, gutting, pulling, grinding). Against the background of the etymologization of čepuxa, a group reconstruction of the word family čepux-//čepuš- (functioning mainly in vernacular speech, dialects, jargons) was carried out. It made it possible to explain the meanings in the word family (including those quite distant from the semantics of the etymon — ‘to rain fine’, ‘to fuss’, ‘to have sex’, ‘female buttocks’, etc.), to separate the elements of this word family from heterogeneous homonyms (e.g., words with the root sop-), to reveal the origin of some non-obvious words from the word family pux-//puš- (puška ‘nonsense’). The conclusions of the article demonstrate the need for a close and detailed analysis of the data of non-standard language varieties, to which modern etymology rarely resorts. In addition, the author points out the need to verify some etymological decisions made earlier “on the tip of a pen” with a lack of lexical data and in the absence of corpora that etymologists can now use. The vulnerability of uncritical replication of etymological versions (especially in popular science literature) is shown, in which the authors use unverified material, substitute bare assertion for hypothesizing, etc.

Көрсету

Жасыру

Voprosy Jazykoznanija. 2023;(3):77-98

77-98

(Rus)

(JATS XML)

Causative constructions in Bezhta

Khalilova Z.

Аннотация

The causative constructions of Bezhta, a Nakh-Daghestanian language, display a range of crosslinguistically unusual non-causative effects. Standard causativization in Bezhta is compatible with intransitive, transitive, and affective verbs. However, the addition of causative morphology does not always form a construction with a new argument. When the resulting valency does not reflect the productive pattern of causative derivation, the verb is lexicalized. Lexicalization of this kind is not only common in affective verbs, but also in transitive verbs. Along with the non-causative use of causative suffixes, Bezhta presents the use of a more complex doubled causative suffix in the sense of a simple causative suffix: although this is common in typological terms, it is rare in the area under discussion. The present paper takes the notion of transitivity as central for explaining the formation of causative constructions in the language.

Көрсету

Жасыру

Voprosy Jazykoznanija. 2023;(3):99-121

99-121

(Eng)

(JATS XML)

Areality of clause-linkage: The consecutive construction in languages of Veracruz

Olguín Martínez J.

Аннотация

The consecutive construction was once thought to be unique to African languages. Subsequent work has demonstrated its existence in languages spoken in different parts of the world (e.g., Australia and Oceania). Intriguingly, it often occurs in areal clusters. Its areality is a puzzle, because such constructions are deeply embedded in grammars (i.e., marked with affixes, clitics, or conjunctions), and the forms of the markers themselves are not shared across language boundaries. Here it is shown that Veracruz is another zone where this clause-linkage pattern is attested. Examination of a set of unrelated languages indigenous to Veracruz: Huasteca Nahuatl, Papantla Totonac, San Gabriel Huastec, and Uxpanapa Chinantec, sheds some light on how such areal patterns might come about. Based on a number of intra-genetic variance analyses, systematically informed by what is known from social/cultural history, it is proposed that Huasteca Nahuatl served as the source. The consecutive pattern in Huasteca Nahuatl has different functions. It is used for indicating temporal subsequence, motion-cum-purpose, tail-head linkage, afterthoughts, and commands. Some neighboring languages have copied some of these functions, and developed others.

Көрсету

Жасыру

Voprosy Jazykoznanija. 2023;(3):122-142

122-142

(Eng)

(JATS XML)

Heritage

Towards Franz Boas’s linguistic views

Kuznetsov I.

Аннотация

Franz Boas (1858–1942) is recognized as the founding father not only in modern anthropology (cultural, biological), but also in anthropological linguistics. Starting with geographical and physical studies at several German universities, he later got insterested in the culture and languages of the indigenous peoples of North America. Boas was particularly interested in the role of apperception in language acquisition. Eventually, he transferred the results of his observations on language perception to the wide field of culture, developing the notion of acculturation analogical to apperception. Already the early Boas’s publications contain the origins of the idea of linguistic relativity, which later will be formulated in the shape of the so-called “Sapir–Whorf Hypothesis”. Extremely interesting and original was Boas’s attitude to the concept of phoneme, which was formed precisely during the years of creative activity and the most striking achievements of Boas’s school. Finally, the peculiarities of the fieldwork style of this American scholar, as well as his “analytism” in work on the grammars of Native American languages, certainly influenced the development of descriptive linguistics in general.

Көрсету

Жасыру

Voprosy Jazykoznanija. 2023;(3):143-157

143-157

(Rus)

(JATS XML)

Reviews

[Review of:] A. P. Volodin (comp.), Ch. Ono (ed.). Polnyi itel’mensko-russkii slovar’ [A comprehensive Itelmen–Russian dictionary]. St. Petersburg; Fürstenberg / Havel: Institute of Linguistic Studies; Verlag der Kulturstiftung Sibirien, SEC Publications, 2021

Golovko E., Urmanchieva A.

Voprosy Jazykoznanija. 2023;(3):158-164

158-164

(Rus)

(JATS XML)

Пайдаланушының аты
Құпиясөз
Мені есте сақтау

Құпия сөзді ұмыттыңыз ба?	Тіркеу

Пайдаланушының аты
Құпиясөз
Мені есте сақтау

Құпия сөзді ұмыттыңыз ба?	Тіркеу