Sergey V. Kravkov as a psychologist and psychophysiologist: milestones of scientific biography (to the 130th anniversary of the birth)

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription Access

Abstract

The article is prepared for the 130th anniversary of the birth of S.V. Kravkov (1893–1951), a preeminent Russian scientist, experimental psychologist and specialist in the field of psychophysiology of vision. The subject of this historical and psychological study is the period of his professional development between 1916 and 1935. The biographical method is used. The materials from the Archive of Russian Academy of Sciences, works of S.V. Kravkov, memories and assessments of other scientists are used. Information about his family and personality is provided. The employment positions and types of professional activities of S.V. Kravkov in the first 20 years of his work are identified. The prerequisites for the scientist’s transition from an initially wide range of psychological issues to light engineering and the psychophysiology of vision as the central area of his applied and fundamental research are revealed. The originality of the method of introspection in experimental studies of vision in the scientist’s works is shown. It is concluded that P.P. Lazarev had a predominant influence on S.V. Kravkov’s scientific development as a specialist in the field of physiological optics and psychophysiology of vision.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

O. G. Noskova

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: nog4813@mail.ru

ScD (Psychology), Professor, Professor of Department of Work and Engineering Psychology, Faculty of Psychology

Russian Federation, 125009, Moscow, Mokhovaya str., 11/9

References

  1. Averbakh I.M., Belostotskiy Ye.M., Bronshteyn R.I. et al. Sergei Vasil’evich Kravkov (Nekrolog). Oftal’mologicheskii zhurnal. 1951. № 2. P. 96. (In Russian)
  2. Ashraf’yan I.B. Psikhologicheskie i psikhofiziologicheskie issledovaniya S.V. Kravkova: Avtoref. dis. … kand. psikhol. nauk. M., 1973. (In Russian)
  3. Bunin A.Ya., Gurtovoi G.K., Yakovlev A.A. Sergei Vasil’evich Kravkov — zhizn’ i nauchnaya deyatel’nost’. Klinicheskaya fiziologiya zreniya. Sbornik nauchnykh trudov. Ed. A.A. Yakovlev. Moscow: Publ. AO “Rusomed”, 1993. P. 2–6. (In Russian)
  4. Kotova I.B. S.V. Kravkov kak psikholog i psikhofiziolog. Voprosy psikhologii. 1982. № 4. P. 50–60. (In Russian)
  5. Kravkov S.V. Sovremennye ob”ektivnye techeniya v psikhologii i ikh znachenie. Vestnik znaniya. 1916. № 10. P. 572–578. (In Russian)
  6. Kravkov S.V. Sovremennye ob”ektivnye techeniya v psikhologii i ikh znachenie. Vestnik znaniya. 1916. № 11. P. 626–633. (In Russian)
  7. Kravkov S.V. Samonablyudenie. Moscow: “Russkii knizhnik”, 1922. 176 p. (In Russian)
  8. Kravkov S.V. Vnushenie. Moscow: “Russkii knizhnik”, 1924. 45 p. (In Russian)
  9. Kravkov S.V. Glaz i ego rabota. Psikhofiziologiya zreniya. Gigiena osveshcheniya. Moscow: Meditsina, 1932. 245 p. (In Russian)
  10. Kravkov S.V. Glaz i ego rabota. Psikhofiziologiya zreniya. Gigiena osveshcheniya. 2nd ed. Moscow–Leningrad: Biomedgiz, 1936. 354 p. (In Russian)
  11. Kravkov S.V. Avtobiografiya (1944), rukopis’. Arkhiv RAN. F. 1533, op. 1, ed. khr. 118. (In Russian)
  12. Kravkov S.V. Glaz i ego rabota. Psikhofiziologiya zreniya. Gigiena osveshcheniya. 3rd ed. Moscow—Sverdlovsk, 1945. 355 p. (In Russian)
  13. Kravkov S.V. Vzaimodeistvie organov chuvstv. Moscow–Leningrad: AN SSSR, 1948. 128 p. (In Russian)
  14. Kravkov S.V. Glaz i ego rabota. Psikhofiziologiya zreniya. Gigiena osveshcheniya. 4th ed. Moscow–Leningrad: Medgiz, 1950. 531 p. (In Russian)
  15. Kravkov S.V. Tsvetovoe zrenie. Moscow: AN SSSR, 1951. 175 p. (In Russian)
  16. Kravkov S.V. Petr Petrovich Lazarev (K desyatiletiyu so dnya smerti). Uspekhi fizicheskikh nauk. 1952. V. 46. № 4. P. 441–449. (In Russian)
  17. Kravkov S.V. Petr Petrovich Lazarev (1878–1942). Lyudi russkoi nauki. Ocherki o vydayushchikhsya deyatelyakh estestvoznaniya i tekhniki. V. 1: Matematika. Mekhanika. Astronomiya. Fizika. Khimiya. Ed. I.V. Kuznetsov. Moscow: Fizmatgiz, 1961. P. 314–321. (In Russian)
  18. Teplov B.M. Retsenziya na knigu “Glaz i ego rabota”. Sovetskaya kniga. 1946. № 8–9. P. 82–84. (In Russian)
  19. Uzbekova D.G. Kravkovy: dva pokoleniya uchenykh iz Ryazani. Moscow: Veche, 2004. 352 p. (In Russian)
  20. Umryukhin E.A. S.V. Kravkov: vydayushchiesya dostizheniya i nesbyvshiesya nadezhdy. Psikhologicheskii zhurnal. 2002. V. 21. № 54. P. 25–31. (In Russian)
  21. Fiziki o sebe. Eds. V.Ya. Frenkel’, N.Ya. Moskovchenko, G.A. Savina. Leningrad: Nauka, 1990. 482 p. (In Russian)
  22. Yaroshevskii M.G. Neskol’ko shtrikhov k portretu S.V. Kravkova. Voprosy psikhologii. 1993. № 5. P. 94–95. (In Russian)

Copyright (c) 2024 Russian Academy of Sciences

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies