Women’s Activity in the Public Sphere: Dynamics of Ethnogender Attitudes in the South of Russia

Determination of the vector of development and sources of integration of multi-ethnic societies should include an assessment of gender systems. The South of Russia is distinguished by a specific ethno-cultural and socio-economic diversity. Nowadays, it includes the territories of two federal districts - the Southern and the North Caucasian (9 national republics and more than 40 nationalities). Economically developed territories and modern social relations coexist with territories with a demodernized economy, low living standards and a traditionalist type of social relations. Official statistics and various studies show the segregation of women in the work sphere and socio-political activity. The article discusses the results of sociological research conducted in six sub-regions of the South of Russia in three stages (2004, 2010 and 2020 years). On the grounds for the content of attitudes regarding the public forms of activity of women, the degree of coincidence of the views of men and women, as well as the vector of the dynamics of ethno -agricultural installations, the subregions of the South of Russia are differentiated into three types - traditional, transition and modernized. The traditional type (Ingushetia, Dagestan) is characterized by high indicators of conservatism of gender attitudes of men and women who are quite stable. The transition type (Kabardino-Balkaria, Adygea, Karachay-Cherkessia) has higher indicators of the approval of the public activity of women with a pronounced gap between the estimates of men and women, when the latter are more often focused on the deconstruction of the traditional gender display. The modernized type (Rostov region) is associated with a more sustainable level of egalitarization of plants in both gender subgroups. The inconsistency of ethno -agricultural attitudes in the field of public activity of women complicates the macro -level integration and reduces the efficiency of the use of human capital of the polyeterical south of Russia.

ethnogender attitudes, polyethnicity, South of Russia, North Caucasus, public sphere, career