Effect of Hydrocarbon Pollution on the Fungal Communities of the White and Barents Sea Littoral Sediments

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Abstract

The effect of hydrocarbon pollution on the fungal communities of littoral sediments of the cold-water White and Barents seas was investigated. The samples were collected at locations with different levels of pollution with oil products, from ports to relatively undisturbed areas. Using the diesel fuel-containing medium resulted in detection of hydrocarbon-degrading fungi in almost all studied samples, although in all cases they were less diverse than sugar-degrading fungi. In this relatively small group, Penicillium chrysogenum and Penicillium brevicompactum were the most common organisms. Fungal communities isolated on a sugar-containing medium exhibited higher diversity and abundance, with being the most common sugar degraders. The major factors affecting the structure of the fungal communities were the percentage of hydrocarbons in the total mass of organic carbon in the samples in the case of hydrocarbon-degrading fungi and location, for sugar degraders. In the experiment, the highest hydrocarbon-degrading activity was shown for Penicillium chrysogenum (the loss of residual hydrocarbons was 77.4%), Cadophora fastigiata (72%), and Tolypocladium inflatum (67.2%).

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About the authors

A. Yu. Fadeev

Moscow State University

Email: katya.bubnova@wsbs-msu.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

L. A. Gavirova

Moscow State University

Email: katya.bubnova@wsbs-msu.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

M. L. Georgieva

Moscow State University; Gause Institute for New Antibiotics

Email: katya.bubnova@wsbs-msu.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow; Moscow

V. V. Kozlovsky

Marine Research Center, Moscow State University

Email: katya.bubnova@wsbs-msu.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

U. V. Simakova

Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences

Email: katya.bubnova@wsbs-msu.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

A. I. Shestakov

Moscow State University

Email: katya.bubnova@wsbs-msu.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

E. N. Bubnova

Moscow State University

Author for correspondence.
Email: katya.bubnova@wsbs-msu.ru
Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Multidimensional scaling diagram (nMDS) for the combined fungi communities according to the general anthropogenic impact (factor "Anthropogen"). WS - samples from the coast of the White Sea, BS - from the coast of the Barents Sea

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3. Fig. 2. Loss of residual hydrocarbons during growth of the studied fungal isolates

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