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Vol 58, No 3-4 (2016)

Structural Steels

Effect of Dendritic Segregation on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Hot-Deformed Pipes from Steel 38KhN3MFA

Vorob’ev R.A., Sorokina S.A., Ermilin A.S.

Abstract

The effect of dendritic segregation on mechanical properties of specimens cut from templates of two different batches of hot-deformed pipes from steel 38KhN3MFAis investigated. Comparative analysis of the results of mechanical tests and metallographic and x-ray spectrum studies of specimens with satisfactory and unsatisfactory macrostructures are performed, and the results are used to estimate the influence of intracrystalline inhomogeneity on the mechanical properties of ready articles from steel 38KhN3MFA.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):127-131
pages 127-131 views

Article

A Study of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Steel 40KhGNM After Warm Swaging

Dedyulina O.K., Salishchev G.A., Pertsev A.S.

Abstract

The effect of the temperature and degree of deformation during warm swaging on the evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of preliminarily quenched medium-carbon steel 40KhGNM is studied. It is shown that the deformation produces an ultrafine-grained structure with ferrite grains elongated over the longitudinal direction and fine distributed nanocarbides.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):132-137
pages 132-137 views

Effect of Microstructure and Segregation of Elements on the Impact Toughness of High-Strength Low-Carbon Bainitic Steel

Minxian D., Huaxia P., Hongbin T., Li S., Ling O.

Abstract

The impact toughness, microstructure and distribution of elements over the thickness of a plate from high-strength low-carbon bainitic steel are studied with the use of the methods of EPMA and EBSD. The causes of low impact toughness of the high-strength steel are analyzed.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):138-141
pages 138-141 views

Estimation of the Quality of Gas Laser Sawing of Sheets of Aluminum Alloys

Fizulakov R.A., Murav’ev V.I., Pitsyk V.S.

Abstract

The effect of gas laser sawing on the properties of the cut edges of aluminum alloys is studied. Recommendations on application of gas laser sawing are developed. The main criteria for estimating the optimum speed of gas laser sawing of aluminum alloys are determined.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):147-152
pages 147-152 views

3-D Simulation of the Structural State of Single-Phase Solid Solutions of α-Titanium Alloys

Nosov V.K., Nesterov P.A., Ermakov E.I.

Abstract

A 3-D model of an equilibrium polyhedral structure of a homogeneous solid solution is presented for α-titanium alloys. The variety of shapes and sizes of polygons is considered and arbitrary sections of a plane mapping of the spatial model are constructed. An analytical dependence relating the specified size of a crystallite to the mean diameter of its plane mapping is obtained. Relations between the specific surface, specific volume and the size of a crystallite at the micro-, submicro- and nanostructural (0.01 – 100 μm) levels are derived.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):159-164
pages 159-164 views

New Approach to Electron Beam Synthesis of Powder and Composite Materials. Part 2. Practical Results for Alloy VT6

Kondrat’ev S.Y., Sokolov Y.A.

Abstract

The prospects of industrial application of the process of electron beam synthesis for fabricating powder and composite materials for the production of critical parts are proved experimentally. The new process is tested on titanium and titanium-molybdenum alloys and is shown to provide materials with homogeneous structure and high operating properties.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):165-169
pages 165-169 views

Structural Changes on the Surface of Alloy Ti6Al7Nb Under Gas Nitriding

Siyahjani F., Atar E., Cimenoglu H.

Abstract

The structure of titanium alloy Ti6Al7Nb (the surface nitride layer, the intermediate layer and the diffusion layer) is studied after nitriding at 950, 1120 and 1250°C for 12 h at atmospheric nitrogen pressure. The thickness of the nitride and diffusion layers is shown to increase with increase in the nitriding temperature. The growth of the nitride layer is accompanied by segregation of aluminum in the intermediate layer.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):170-174
pages 170-174 views

Effect of Aging on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Alloy AZ31

Kerenciler H., Gündüz S., Erden M.A., Türkmen M., Karabulut H.

Abstract

The structure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloy AZ31 are studied after conventional and deformation aging under conditions corresponding to the thermal cycle of polymerization in paint coating of cars. The aging is conducted after 3-h solution treatment at 400°C, water quenching, and aging at 180°C for from 10 min to 6 h. Some of the specimens are deformed by 0.5% right after the solution treatment and then aged by the same regime.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):179-184
pages 179-184 views

End-Quenching Test as a Means for Assessing the Hardenability of Cast Iron

Gliner R.E., Vybornov V.V.

Abstract

A method of assessment of cooling rates in quenching of iron, which involves a standard end-quenching test, is applied to castings of VCh50 iron. The approach is shown to be effective for quenching of cast iron with pearlitic metallic matrix, for solving various technological problems and developing chemical compositions of ductile irons.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):192-194
pages 192-194 views

Effect of Modes of Homogenization of Ingots on the Microstructure, Phase Composition and Mechanical Properties of Alloy 01570 at Elevated Temperatures

Reznik P.L., Chikova O.A., Ovsyannikov B.V.

Abstract

The effect of heat treatment of aluminum alloy 01570 on the microstructure, phase composition and mechanical properties of an ingot at elevated temperatures is studied. An optimum mode of heat treatment raising the strength properties of alloy 01570 at good ductility in the range of elevated temperatures is suggested.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):202-208
pages 202-208 views

Special Features of Structure Formation in an Explosion-Welded Magnesium-Aluminum Composite Under Deformation and Subsequent Heat Treatment

Gurevich L.M., Arisova V.N., Trykov Y.P., Ponomareva I.A., Trudov A.F.

Abstract

The effect of bending deformation and subsequent heat treatment on the variation of microhardness and structure of explosion-welded magnesium-aluminum layered composite material MA2-1 – AD1 is studied.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):214-218
pages 214-218 views

Effect of the Aging Temperature of Steel on the Parameters of Fatigue Resistance and Microstrain

Myl’nikov V.V., Romanov A.D., Shetulov D.I., Khlybov A.A.

Abstract

The interrelation of the parameters of microplastic strain, the slope of the left-hand branch of the fatigue curve, and the fatigue limit of a maraging steel is studied. The growth in the microplastic strain is shown to match the growth in the fatigue limit and the decrease in the slope of the left-hand branch of the fatigue curve. The strength of the steel decreases with decrease in the temperature of post-quenching aging.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):223-225
pages 223-225 views

Chrome Aluminized Layers with Participation of Titanium Nitride on Steel 12Kh18N10T

Khizhnyak V.G., Arshuk M.V., Loskutova T.V.

Abstract

The possibility of deposition of multilayer coatings with regions of titanium nitride on the surface of steel 12Kh18N10T by physical precipitation from a gas phase followed by diffusion chrome aluminizing is shown. The phase and chemical compositions, the thickness, and the microhardness of the coatings are determined. The TiN nitride is shown to exhibit barrier properties and to lower the diffusion penetration of chromium and aluminum into the matrix and of iron and titanium into the coating under subsequent chrome aluminizing.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):231-235
pages 231-235 views

Aluminum Alloys

Effect of Rolling on High-Cycle Fatigue and Fracture of an Al – Mg – Sc Alloy

Zhemchuzhnikova D.A., Petrov A.P., Eremeev N.V., Eremeev V.V., Kaibyshev R.O.

Abstract

The tensile strength and fatigue properties of alloy 1575 of the Al – Mg – Sc system are studied after hot deformation (at 360°C) and subsequent cold rolling with different reduction ratios. The effect of the deformed structure on the properties and mechanisms of fracture of the alloy under cyclic tests is determined.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):142-146
pages 142-146 views

Theoretical and Experimental Study of the Al – Cu – Si – Sn Phase Diagram in the Range of Aluminum Alloys

Belov N.A., Mikhailina A.O., Alabin A.N., Stolyarova O.O.

Abstract

Phase compositions of aluminum alloys of the Al – Cu – Si – Sn system are studied by computational and experimental methods. The computations are performed with the use of the Thermo-Calc software; the experimental part is implemented with the use of light and scanning electron microscopy, microscopic x-ray spectrum and thermal analyses. According to the computation, the quaternary system may exhibit layering of liquid and occurrence of monotectic transformations including a five-phase nonvariant one. The solidus temperature of the quaternary alloys depends little on the presence of copper and silicon and virtually coincides with the melting temperature of pure tin. The solubility of tin in the aluminum solid solution and in the (Si) and Al2Cu phases is negligibly low. Heating at 500°C changes substantially the morphology of the tin phase.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):195-201
pages 195-201 views

Titanium Alloys

Quantitative Analysis of the Phase Composition of the Ti – Al – Mo – V – Zr System as Applied to Castable Titanium Alloy VT20L

Belov N.A., Bel’tyukova S.O., Belov V.D., Alimzhanova A.M.

Abstract

Quantitative analysis of the phase composition of the Ti – Al – Mo – V – Zr system is performed as applied to a standard titanium alloy VT20L. Polythermal and isothermal sections of the phase diagram are plotted, the solidus and liquidus temperatures and the temperature of transition to the β-range under heating (Tpt) are determined. The methods of light and scanning electron microscopy are used to study the effect of heat treatment on the structure of alloy VT20L.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):153-158
pages 153-158 views

Magnesium Alloys

Effect of Plastic Deformation on the Structure and Properties of Alloy IMV7-1 of the Mg – Y – Gd – Zr System

Rokhlin L.L., Dobatkina T.V., Luk’yanova E.A., Korol’kova I.G., Choporov V.F.

Abstract

The microstructure and strength properties of hot-pressed alloy IMV7-1 of the Mg – Y – Gd – Zr system are studied after additional cold and hot rolling deformation. It is shown that the strength properties of the pressed alloy can be elevated by cold deformation at an admissible level of ductility.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):175-178
pages 175-178 views

Cast Irons

Effect of Admixtures of Surface-Active Elements in Fe – C – Si Alloys Under Rapid Solidification of Melt on the Quality of Structural Articles

Belyakova R.M., Polukhin V.A., Kurbanova E.D.

Abstract

Computer and experimental studies of the effect of admixtures of Te and H2 surface-active elements (s.a.e.) on the kinetics of nucleation of crystallization centers and phase growth under accelerated crystallization of eutectic cast iron are performed. It is shown that under quenching cooling with decelerated diffusion processes the admixtures of s.a.e. in the melt play the role of initiators of diffusion redistribution of elements in formation and growth of new phase fragments affecting the structure and properties of the formed material.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):187-191
pages 187-191 views

Composite Materials

Possibilities of Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy for Comparative Analysis of the Microstructure of In-Situ Nanocomposite High-Strength Conductors Based on a Copper Matrix and BCC-Metals

Nikulin S.A., Pantsyrnyi V.I., Rozhnov A.B., Rogachev S.O., Khlebova N.E., Nechaikina T.A., Khatkevich V.M.

Abstract

A method of preparation of samples and quantitative analysis of the structure of in-situ nanocomposite conductors is developed. The microstructure of specimens of in-situ nanocomposites of the Cu – Fe and Cu – V systems with diameter 0.44 – 0.80 mm is analyzed by the methods of transmission and scanning electron microscopyΩ. Both specimens are shown to have a grain-subgrain structure with grain size about 200 nm and precipitates of second phase (Fe/V fibers) with a length of 100 – 400 nm and a thickness of 10 – 80 nm (in cross section).

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):209-213
pages 209-213 views

Heat Treatment

Effect of Annealing on the Microstructure of Rapidly Solidified Foils of Alloy Bi50Sn35In15

Shepelevich V.G., Shcherbachenko L.P.

Abstract

The effect of annealing on the microstructure of foils of alloy Bi50Sn35In15 is studied. It is shown that prolongation of the annealing time is accompanied by coarsening of the structure, which reduces the specific surface of the interfaces virtually without changing the volume fractions of the phases.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):219-222
pages 219-222 views

Surface Engineering

Tribotechnical and Energy Assessment of Parts of Working Members of Cultivating Machines After Carburizing and Laser Hardening

Pyndak V.I., Novikov A.E.

Abstract

Results of experimental studies of low-carbon steel 20 and high-carbon steels of types 70 and 65G after carburizing, heat treatment and laser hardening are presented. The variation of the microhardness of the surface layers of the steels and of their wear resistance due to different variants of hardening is determined. Optimum modes of treatment aimed at raising the strength and wear resistance are suggested for the steels used for working members of cultivating machines.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):226-230
pages 226-230 views

Simulation

Simulation of the Elastoplastic Behavior of Grade-4 Ti in the ECAP-C Process

Chembarisova R.G., Aleksandrov I.V.

Abstract

Amodel of the elastoplastic behavior of commercial titanium is developed with allowance for the evolution of the microstructure of Ti Grade-4 Ti under equal channel angular pressing with application of the Conform process. The evolution of the mean dislocation density, of the dislocation density in the body and on the boundaries of grains, and of the density of mobile dislocations is studied. The concentrations of strain-induced vacancies, the speeds of gliding dislocations, and the angles of off-orientation between neighbor grains are determined, which widens substantially the understanding of the mechanisms of the elastoplastic behavior of Ti Grade-4 under severe plastic deformation.

Metal Science and Heat Treatment. 2016;58(3-4):236-244
pages 236-244 views