Astronomičeskij žurnal
ISSN (print): 0004-6299
Media registration certificate: № 0110223 от 08.02.1993
Founder: Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Institute of Astronomy of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Editor-in-Chief: Dmitry V. Bisikalo, ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2025-5564
Number of issues per year: 12
Indexation:
- RISC,
- Higher Attestation Commission list,
- RISC core,
- RSCI,
- White List (2nd level)
Astronomičeskij žurnal is an international peer reviewed journal that publishes original papers on astronomical topics, including theoretical and observational astrophysics, physics of the Sun, planetary astrophysics, radio astronomy, stellar astronomy, celestial mechanics, and astronomy methods and instrumentation.
- Recognized for excellence since 1924
- Coverage includes astronomy, including theoretical and observational astrophysics, physics of the Sun, planetary astrophysics, radioastronomy, stellar astronomy, celestial mechanics, and astronomy methods and instrumentation
- Publishes chronicles and proceedings of international conferences
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Vol 102, No 2 (2025)
Articles
THIRD LIGHT IN SS433 ACCORDING TO UBVRcIc PHOTOMETRY
Abstract
UBVRcIc observations of microquasar SS 433 from 1980 to 2023 revealed a stable effect unusual for classical eclipsing binary systems. In the phases of maximum accretion disk opening, the depths of the primary and secondary eclipsing minima of the orbital light curve decrease synchronously with increasing wavelength. To explain this effect, we have used the model of an eclipsing binary system in which there is a third non- eclipsing light. We show that the main source of the third light at a mass-loss rate of 10−4 𝑀⊙/year from the system is the outer semitransparent regions of the supercritical accretion disk, as well as the extended part of the disk wind. The contribution of the non-eclipsed third light increases from 15% in the 𝐵 filter to 40% in the 𝐼𝑐 filter. The interstellar absorption-corrected emission spectrum of the third non-eclipsed light in the range 4000–8000 Å can be described by a power law with an exponent on the wavelength close to −1. Significant changes in system’s light out of eclipses are mainly due not to the classical effect of the ellipticity of the components, but to the variable absorption of light from the components in the common shell around the system formed by powerful winds from the supercritical accretion disk and the donor star.
Astronomičeskij žurnal. 2025;102(2):85-95
85-95
DETECTION AND INVESTIGATION OF A NUMBER OF TRANSIENTS ON TELESCOPES OF THE MASTER GLOBAL NETWORK AND MASTER OT J044907.58+705812.7 AS AN EXAMPLE
Abstract
The paper presents details of the detection of a new object MASTER OT J044907.58+705812.7 (AT2024aaf), discovered on January 14, 2024, during a regular survey on the MASTER-Tunka telescope of the MASTER Global Network of Moscow State University. Additional photometry of the object was obtained during joint observations at AZT–11 and 2.6-m ZTSh telescopes of CrAO RAS, MASTER-Tunka and MASTER-Kislovodsk telescopes. Large amplitude (> 7𝑚), blue color at maximum, brightness fluctuations during the outburst with a characteristic time of about 0.06 days, long (at least 50 days) return to a quiet state, the presence of at least four repeated rebrightenings gives grounds to classify the object as a dwarf nova of the WZ Sge type with multiple rebrightenings. The article also provides details of the detection of outbursts of other dwarf novae: MASTER OT J195416.74+494421.1, MASTER OT J150719.46–283114.9, MASTER OT J185835.32–354042.2, MASTER OT J174714.38+150048.1, and MASTER OT J065054.42+593625.5 as an example of the operation of software for processing wide-field images and identifying new and variable sources in them in real time.
Astronomičeskij žurnal. 2025;102(2):96-107
96-107
ON MASSIVE BLACK HOLES IN THE CENTERS OF GLOBULAR CLUSTERS. I
Abstract
In this paper, a sample of globular clusters (GCs) is created for which the masses of black holes in their centers are known from observations. The dependence of the main characteristics of GCs on the mass of black holes is studied.Based on observational data on the surface density of GCs, the degree of concentration of stars to their center is determined. The obtained degree of concentration is used as an indicator of the presence of black holes.
Astronomičeskij žurnal. 2025;102(2):108-112
108-112
PROPERTIES OF CONTRACTING MASSIVE PROTOSTELLAR CORES
Abstract
Studies of the structure and kinematics of cores associated with the regions of massive star and star cluster formation are necessary for constructing scenario for the evolution of these objects. We analyzed spectral maps of massive cores G012.418+00.506, G326.472+00.888, G328.567–00.535, G335.586–00.289 and G343.127–00.063 from the MALT90 survey in the HCO+(1–0) and H13CO+(1–0) lines. The cores are at different stages of evolution and have signs of contraction. By fitting spectral maps calculated within the framework of the spherically-symmetric model into the observed ones, the parameters of the density, turbulent velocity, and contraction velocity radial profiles are calculated. The power-law index of the density decay with distance from the center varies in the range of ∼1.5–2.8, the lowest value is obtained for the core G326.472+00.888 without internal sources. The contraction velocity in all the cores depends weakly on the distance from the center, decreasing with the index ∼0.1, which differs from the free-fall regime. For the cores G328.567–00.535 and G335.586–00.289 there are indications of rotation. Analysis of the 13CO(2–1) data from the SEDIGISM survey for the G012.418+00.506, G335.586–00.289 and G343.127–00.063 regions has revealed motions from surrounding gas to the cores. The results obtained indicate that the massive cores under consideration interact with their environment and are apparently in a state of global collapse.
Astronomičeskij žurnal. 2025;102(2):113-129
113-129
SEARCHING FOR BIOMARKERS WITH SPEKTR-UF OBSERVATORY: NITRIC OXIDE MOLECULE IN ATMOSPHERES OF EXOPLANETS NEAR THE ACTIVE HOST STARS
Abstract
Detection of an N2–O2 atmosphere on an Earth-like exoplanet may be one of the defining pieces of evidence for the presence of biological and geological activity on it. The nitric oxide molecule, in turn, is an indicator of such an atmosphere, and its spectral bands in the near UV range (γ-bands, 203–248 nm) can be potentially detected using the long-slit spectrograph (LSS) (resolution 𝑅 = 1000) of the planned launch of the Spektr-UF space telescope. Strong electron precipitations into the atmospheres of exoplanets that are in the potentially habitable zone near the active host stars can lead to an increase in the concentration of NO and, accordingly, increase the chances of detecting this biomarker. Based on the calculations using models of electron precipitation into the upper atmosphere of the planet, odd nitrogen chemistry, radiative transfer, and the Spektr-UF exposure time calculator, we determined the necessary observational conditions for detecting the NO biomarker. Thus, in a reasonable observational time (⩽ 200 hours) with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, using the Spektr-UF, it is possible to detect γ-bands of NO in the atmospheres of typical super-Earths and sub-Neptunes that are subjects of string electron precipitation — at distances of up to 8 and 30 parsecs, respectively. The best observational targets for NO detection are exoplanets in the potential habitable zone near host stars with G-K spectral types.
Astronomičeskij žurnal. 2025;102(2):130-147
130-147
THE DIFFERENCE IN GRAVITATIONAL POTENTIALS AT TWO GROUND POINTS MEASURING EXPERIMENT USING THE DUPLEX SATELLITE METHOD
Abstract
For the first time in the Russian Federation, an experiment on measuring the difference in gravitational potentials and orthometric heights of two ground points using a quantum clock and a duplex satellite communication method was conducted. The measurement points were located on the territory of the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “VNIIFTRI” at a distance of 850 m from each other with a height difference of about 21 m. The Russian geostationary satellite Express-80 was used as a repeater, duplex communication was established using stationary and relocatable sets of duplex equipment. The difference in orthometric heights was measured with an error of about 2.8 m.
Astronomičeskij žurnal. 2025;102(2):148-156
148-156