Complex use of energetic surgery in treatment of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma and cataract on the background of pseudoexfoliative syndrome

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Glaucoma remains one of the current problems of modern ophthalmology. The combination of glaucoma and cataract is observed in 17–38.6% of cases, and glaucoma with pseudoexfoliative syndrome – in 20–50% of primary open-angle glaucoma cases.

AIM: The aim of this work is to develop an effective and safe technology of complex energetic surgical treatment of the incipient primary open-angle glaucoma stage and cataract on the background of pseudoexfoliation syndrome on the basis of modified laser, hydrodynamic and ultrasound methods’ use.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: 187 patients (187 eyes) with the incipient stage of primary open-angle glaucoma, cataract and pseudoexfoliation syndrome were examined. In the main group (111 eyes), selective laser trabeculoplasty followed by femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with hydrodynamic trabeculocleaning was performed. Patients in the control group (76 eyes), after selective laser trabeculoplasty, underwent phacoemulsification according to the standard technique.

RESULTS: The developed technology allowed to reach the hypotensive effect in 35.2% (t = 23.0; p < 0.001) of baseline intraocular pressure values, of individual intraocular pressure level without adding IOP-lowering medications in 27% of cases, stabilization of visual functions and morphometric indices of the optic disc during 2 years of follow-up in 97.3% of cases unlike the selective laser trabeculoplasty with subsequent phacoemulsification (21.2, 5.3 and 81.6% respectively). The patients of the main group had significantly lower energy expenditure during the stage of phacoemulsification, a lower percentage of postoperative inflammatory reaction was noted, and a persistent hypotensive effect with stabilization of visual functions was achieved based on the results of a two-year follow-up.

CONCLUSIONS: Femtosecond laser-assisted phacoemulsification, performed as part of complex treatment in patients with cataract and incipient stage of primary open-angle glaucoma, is a sparing method that minimizes surgical trauma and achieves a persistent hypotensive effect, reduces intraocular pressure to an individual level and stabilizes visual functions in 97.3% of cases.

About the authors

Benta G. Dzhashi

S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution

Email: benta1@eandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5763-888X
SPIN-code: 9487-2798

Ophthalmologist

Russian Federation, 80 Zemljachki str., Volgograd, 400138

Sergei V. Balalin

S.N. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution

Author for correspondence.
Email: s.v.balalin@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5250-3692
SPIN-code: 5561-2173
Scopus Author ID: 6504016538
ResearcherId: AAL-3746-2021

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Scientific Department Fedorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution, Volgograd Branch

Russian Federation, 80 Zemljachki str., Volgograd, 400138

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Trabeculocleaning under the goniolens control: a – intraoperative goniolens; b – control of trabeculocleaning

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3. Fig. 2. Fragment of a gonioscopic image in patient K., 65 years old, under conditions of intraoperative staining: a – before trabeculocleaning (the arrow points at stained pseudoexfoliative material on the trabeculum); b – after trabeculocleaning (the arrow points at the state of the tradculum)

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Copyright (c) 2021 Dzhashi B.G., Balalin S.V.

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
 


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