Vol 46, No 5 (1965)
Sergey Vladimirovich Kurashov
Abstract
Minister of Health of the USSR, candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU, deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Health Organization of the 1st Moscow Order of Lenin Medical Institute, Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Honored Doctor of TASSR
About electro-pulse therapy of cardiac arrhythmias
Abstract
The possibility of restoring normal contractions of the fibrillating heart by exposure to a strong electric current was proved, as is known, back in 1899 by the experiments of Prevost and Batelli. Further study of this issue led to the improvement of the method of electrical defibrillation of the heart and the proposal for the use in clinical practice of various types of defibrillators based on the use of alternating current and a single electrical pulse. The last type of defibrillator that generates a single pulse of 0.01 sec duration. (by discharging a capacitance of 20 microfarads through an inductance of 0.3 henry), was designed by N.L. Gurvich in 1940 and began to be used in the clinic since 1952. Studies have shown the advantage of the Soviet pulse defibrillator (type ID - I - VEI) over the used in foreign clinics with alternating current defibrillators. NL Gurvich's scheme formed the basis for the design of foreign samples of impulse defibrillator - "PREMA I" in Czechoslovakia and Lone's "Cardioverter" in the USA.
About heart rhythm disorders in athletes
Abstract
Athletes have various arrhythmias depending on violations of both the functions of automatism and excitability and conduction, only arrhythmias caused by impaired myocardial contractility (alternating and paradoxical pulse) are not described.
Elferophoresis in diseases of the blood system
Abstract
Elferophoresis or electrophoretic determination of protein, gluco- and lipoprotein fractions of serum in diseases of the blood system is of considerable practical interest. Most authors note that with myeloid leukemia, there is an increase in globulins mainly due to the 2- and γ-fractions. A parallelism was revealed between the severity of the disease and the depth of the disturbance in the distribution of protein fractions.
Thiodipine in the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Abstract
The search for new chemotherapeutic drugs with low toxicity and higher selectivity of action in the treatment of leukemia prompts the creation of a number of new drugs. One of these drugs, synthesized at the V.I. S. Ordzhonikidze is thiodipine.
About disorders of exocrine pancreatic function after cholecystectomy
Abstract
It has been established that in diseases of the biliary tract, pancreatitis occurs in 25-45% of patients (S.P. Fedorov, I.G. Rufanov, S.V. Lobachev, N.I. Leporsky, A.T. Lidsky, G.M. Majdrakov). I. M. Talman points out that this figure can even reach 87%!
The ratio of the molar Na / K ratios of various fractions of gastric contents as an indicator of the state of the gastric secretory function
Abstract
With the spread of the fast and accurate method of flame photometry, more and more attention is paid to the study of the electrolyte composition of gastric contents. According to many authors, shifts in the electrolyte balance of gastric juice reflect the course of biochemical processes in the gastric mucosa. So, E.S.Belova in an experiment on dogs and Riddel et al. In humans noted a decrease in Na concentration and an increase in K in gastric juice with an increase in secretion. The relationship between the concentration of Na and K and the acidity of gastric secretions is similar.
Differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the middle Volga region
Abstract
Diseases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in recent years have begun to be registered in many areas of the Middle Volga region (TASSR, MASSR, Ulyanovsk and Kuibyshev regions), which is explained not only by the wider spread of natural foci of this disease, but also by the fact that it has become better diagnosed. However, up to the present time there are difficulties in the diagnosis of this disease, and in some cases it is recognized only on the sectional table. If we take into account that the mortality rate in hemorrhagic fever in the Middle Volga region is more than 2%, then the importance of covering the issues of early diagnosis, as well as more advanced therapy for this serious disease, becomes obvious.
Morphological characteristics of the kidneys in experimental dysentery intoxication and altered immunological reactivity
Abstract
The outcome of an infectious disease is largely determined by the speed of cleansing the body of the infectious agent and its products. According to literature data, bacterial substances and viruses are excreted through the kidneys, and the excretion occurs more intensively in immunized animals.
Experience of using the luminescent-serological method for the diagnosis of dysentery in children
Abstract
Positive results obtained recently with the use of the luminescent-serological method by B.A. Chukhlovin and S.P. Ivanova (1961), M.I. Kozhushko with coauthors (1961), I.S. Zinovieva and M.K Shpagina ( 1962), E. I. Kulikova, E. I. Vaiman, Yu. T. Kuzmina, L. L. Blinova, A. D. Suvorkova (1964) allowed them to recommend this method for the diagnosis of dysentery.
Hemagglutination reaction in the diagnosis of colienteritis
Abstract
In recent years, it has been established that colienteritis occupies a prominent place among acute gastrointestinal diseases in young children, especially in the first year of life. However, colienteritis is often not recognized due to the imperfection of the diagnostic methods used. Thus, the bacteriological method of research, according to our data, gives only 9.8% of the seeding rate of pathogenic E. coli, the luminescent-serological method - 33.3%, which cannot satisfy pediatricians and forces them to continue the search for improved methods of laboratory diagnostics.
Diagnosis of diphtheria during its elimination
Abstract
Mass coverage of the child population with anti-diphtheria vaccinations and anti-epidemic measures have made it possible to reduce the incidence of diphtheria everywhere. However, against the background of a general decrease in morbidity, individual focal outbreaks of diphtheria are still recorded (in rural areas) and mortality has not yet been eliminated.
Lobular patella
Abstract
The patella partita hermine denotes the patella, which consists of several separated (partitas - separated) from each other by the zone of enlightenment of parts. Depending on the number of parts, the patella is called patella bipartita, tripartita, quadripartita, multipartita. This variant of the structure on the corpse was discovered by the anatomist Gruber and reported about it in 1883, and in 1909 Joachimstal first presented an X-ray description of the lobular patella.
Influence of novocaine blockade on the level of calcium and phosphorus in the blood of patients with fractures of long bones
Abstract
In bone tissue, calcium is in the form of deeply located, hardly soluble crystals of bone apatite - , covered with a layer of relatively easier soluble forms of calcium compounds. This outer layer of calcium compounds plays, according to Howard (1957), the role of a "calciostat", that is, a tissue that ensures the constancy of Ca levels in the blood. There is a constant exchange of Ca ions between this layer of bone tissue and blood. When the existing balance is disturbed and the release of Ca ions from the bone tissue decreases, hypocalcemia occurs, and with an increase, hypercalcemia occurs. Phosphorus is found in bone tissue mainly in the form of tribasic calcium phosphate.
Complex treatment of fractures of the distal metaepiphysis of the shoulder in children
Abstract
Fractures in the elbow joint in children are extremely varied and complex. The most common fractures of the distal metaepiphysis of the humerus (according to N. G. Damier - 79.4%, according to N. G. Roslavleva - 70.45%, according to our data - 73.6%). These fractures are identical to dislocations in the elbow joint in adults and are typical for children (SD Ternovsky, NG Dam'e, VV Gorinevskaya, L. Veler).
On the relationship of perinatal mortality and the nature of labor with the sex of the fetus
Abstract
There are indications in the literature that perinatal mortality among boys is slightly higher than among girls. According to K. I. Zhuravleva and V. A. Kushnirova (1964), of the total mortality of children in the 1st month of life, their death in the first 7-9 days among boys was 63.7%, and among girls - 54.5% ... The authors note (based on a large amount of material in the region as a whole) that birth trauma as a cause of death of children occurs in boys much more often than in girls. Other diseases of newborns were observed in approximately the same percentage.
Dynamics of changes in the rectal mucosa in uterine cancer
Abstract
We observed changes in the mucous membrane of the distal colon at various stages of uterine cancer damage before treatment and in the course of combined radiation therapy in 38 women. Rectoscopy was performed. The revealed changes in the mucous membrane were sketched by us and described in detail.
Experience in treating Addison's disease with deoxycorticosterone trimethyl acetate
Abstract
Deoxycorticosterone (DOC) is a corticosteroid drug that has a pronounced effect on water-salt metabolism, which consists in the retention of sodium and water ions in the body, as well as enhanced excretion of potassium ions. The above properties of DOK allow it to be widely used in the treatment of Addison's disease, in which the production of aldosterone, a hormone of the adrenal cortex with a salt-retaining effect, decreases.
Non-leukemic reticulosis with predominant involvement of the spleen and liver
Abstract
The interpretation of a number of diseases associated with splenomegaly presents significant difficulties; this is due to the fact that the role of the spleen in them is not well understood. The leading role of the spleen in the phenomena of erythrophagocytosis has been most firmly established. The spleen is also one of the most powerful organs of the reticuloendothelial system.
The effectiveness of intranasal electrophoresis of novocaine in cerebrospinal fluid hypertension
Abstract
The method of influencing the nasal mucosa for therapeutic purposes in internal diseases was first applied by Bonnier (1905), who believed that different parts of the receptor zones of the nasal region correspond to certain internal organs. Although the effectiveness of this method in a number of diseases was recognized, in the future, its practical application was little, mainly due to insufficient theoretical development (A.R. Kirichinsky).
Treatment of trachomatous pannus and persistent corneal opacities by vitreous electrophoresis
Abstract
D. G. Sverdlov (1950) used subcutaneous injections of the vitreous body for simblepharons and eversion of the eyelids as a result of gunshot injuries or burns. The observations made gave quite encouraging results. In the literature, there are indications of a positive effect from the use of subconjunctival injections of the vitreous body in corneal white spots of trachomatous and other origins (B. N. Melik-Musyan, 1956). In 1962, the message H. S. appeared. Dozorovoy on the use of subconjunctival vitreous injections for the treatment of various eye diseases, including pannus and scarring of the cornea as a result of trachoma.
The effect of nibufin on the motor function of the uterus
Abstract
Violations of the contractile function of the uterus quite often serve as the basis for serious diseases, in particular bleeding after childbirth, abortion, with fibroids. In such cases, the fight against bleeding should be based on active intervention in the system that regulates the contractile activity of the uterus. One of the links in this system includes neurohumoral regulation (acetylcholine-cholinesterase). The mediator function of acetylcholine in the transmission of impulses to the muscle depends entirely on the amount and activity of cholinesterase, which destroys acetylcholine. By acting with substances that block cholinesterase, uterine contractions can be increased.
Function of the adrenal cortex and basal metabolism in patients with malignant neoplasms of the ovaries
Abstract
The study of hormonal balance and metabolism in patients with malignant tumors is currently of great importance. Revealed functional changes in the adrenal cortex and neoplasms of the female genital organs (V.S. Vladimirova and E.M. Samundzhan, 1964; Z. P. Yudina, 1964).
Congenital toxoplasmosis of the eye
Abstract
Lesions of the organ of vision in congenital toxoplasmosis are manifested extremely diversely: microphthalmia, anophthalmia, macular coloboma, maculitis, retinitis, macular degeneration, optic nerve papilla coloboma, myopia, hydrophthalmos, uveitis, retinal pigment degeneration. Often these changes are combined with nystagmus and strabismus.
Toxoplasmosis eye damage
Abstract
In recent years, the attention of representatives of many specialties has been attracted by diseases caused by toxoplasmosis. Toxoplasmosis of the organ of vision in the domestic literature is described in detail by 3. A. Kaminskaya-Pavlova and L. G. Stepanov (1961).
The imposition of a purse-string silk ligature on the cervix for atonic and hypotonic bleeding
Abstract
The most radical method of dealing with atonic bleeding - amputation or extirpation of the uterus - has not become widespread, since obstetricians usually resort to this operation only as the last heroic remedy when the postpartum woman is in a state close to agony. In addition, performing such a large operation on a postpartum woman in a state of shock only accelerates the death.
Quantitative shifts of yeast-like fungi in the excreta of patients with pneumonia during antibiotic treatment
Abstract
To resolve the issue of the choice of laboratory parameters that could signal the transition of candidiasis to candidiasis, in the study of patients with pneumonia, the amount of candida in the excreta was studied. This method has been used in the clinic since 1959 to study the dynamics of microflora in therapeutic patients.
Primary cranioplasty with the parietal bone of the fetus
Abstract
H., 10 years old, was admitted on 21/VІІ 1962 about an open comminuted penetrating fracture of the frontal bone with damage to the sinuses and contusion of the brain (blow with a hoof). The trauma was accompanied by short-term loss of consciousness.
Traumatic subcutaneous rupture of the shoulder muscles
Abstract
Here is our observation. M., 23 years old, was admitted on 13/I 1959 with complaints of sharp pains in the lower third of the right shoulder when trying to bend the elbow. In the morning of that day, he was hit by a steel cable across his right shoulder when he was lifting a load. On the antero-outer surface of the lower third of the right shoulder, there is a deep transverse groove of the skin and soft tissues, in the middle section of which there is a bleeding bruised wound 1.5x0.5 cm with crushed edges. Passive movements in the elbow joint in full, active ones are impossible due to sharp pain at the site of injury. Skin sensitivity of the right forearm was preserved, there was no paresis of the hand.
On damage to the radial nerve during treatment for fractures of the humerus and ways to prevent them
Abstract
According to our observations, at 872 humerus fractures, damage to the radial nerve occurred in 43 patients (4.9%). In total, we currently have data on 67 injuries of the radial nerve in fractures of the humerus and pseudarthrosis of the shoulder. Of these, in 22 patients, nerve injuries were obtained during medical procedures (with immobilization of a limb, transportation, closed repositions of bone fragments, surgical interventions) for fractures of the humerus and their consequences.
Combination of a nonparasitic liver cyst with calculous cholecystitis
Abstract
S., 49 years old, was admitted on 14 / VІІ 62, about exacerbation of chronic cholecystitis. Complains of constant severe pain in the right hypochondrium, nausea. Since January 1962, there were 3 attacks of similar pains, which lasted 3-4 days.
Retroperitoneal gas phlegmon with leakage to the thigh as a complication of perforated appendicitis in the retrocecal position of the appendix
Abstract
With destructive forms of appendicitis with a retrocecal arrangement of the process, such a serious complication as retroperitoneal phlegmon can occur. VF Voino-Yasenetsky notes that these phlegmons can sometimes have the character of gas phlegmons.
Treatment of fibroplastic induration of the penis with cortisone
Abstract
We observed 33 patients with penile induration, whom we treated with cortisone, hydrocortisone and adresone according to the method proposed by the Bulgarian author Dobrev. The course of treatment consists of 14 injections of cortisone, which are made directly into the thickened tissue of the penis every other day. The first 6 injections - 0.5 ml in each corpus cavernosum alternately, the next 7 injections - 0.5 ml in each corpus cavernosum at the same time. To determine the patient's tolerance to cortisone, 0.2-0.3 ml of the drug is injected into the seal before treatment. In total, 250 ml of cortisone is injected for the course of treatment.
Outbreak of water fever
Abstract
Among leptospirosis diseases in the USSR, one of the first places belongs to water fever, 85% of infections occur when swimming in open reservoirs and 10% when using river water for drinking and 5-7% when caring for farm animals (M.A.Buslaev , 1960).
Influence of influenza infection on the intensity of antitoxic immunity and the incidence of diphtheria in vaccinated children
Abstract
According to a number of authors, the strength of immunity against diphtheria drops sharply after suffering infectious diseases, in particular influenza. To clarify this question, in March — April 1962, we 1252 children aged 7 to 12 years 6 months after the initially delivered Schick reaction (all of them negative), 1½ — 2 months after the flu, we repeated the Schick reaction. It turned out that only in 7 children it was possible to associate a drop in immunity to diphtheria (up to a weakly positive Schick reaction) with an influenza infection.
Effect of pneumoperitoneum and artificial pneumothorax on gastric acid secretion
Abstract
We processed the case histories of patients in whom the analysis of gastric juice coincided with the beginning of treatment with collapsotherapy and gastric secretion was re-examined during the period of their treatment with puffing up. Gastric juice was taken in the morning 1 hour after Ewald-Boas breakfast. The examined patients during the analysis of gastric secretion received only collapsotherapy (inflation) for pulmonary tuberculosis. In total, we studied 12 patients in whom the analysis of gastric juice was carried out 3-4 times. Patients were blown into the chest cavity after 7-10 days, 500 ml of air and into the abdominal cavity - 800 ml. Of the 12 patients, 2 were blown into the chest cavity and 10 into the abdominal cavity. The age of the patients is from 25 to 45 years. There were 3 men and 9 women.
Toxic factors in the occurrence of congenital anomalies of the extremities
Abstract
In recent years, a large number of works on the genesis, clinical picture and prevention of congenital limb deformities have appeared in domestic and foreign literature. There are hereditary (genetic) and acquired (peristatic) fetal anomalies (5, 9). The former more often arise as a result of changes (mutations) of the chromosomal apparatus of germ cells.
Experience in studying eye injuries
Abstract
Trauma to the organ of vision is one of the causes of very severe functional disorders, often leading to partial or complete disability. According to the literature data (see the list of references), the proportion of eye injuries to the present time remains quite high and occupies a significant place among the causes of blindness.
Prevention of the incidence of acute crepitant tendovaginitis
Abstract
We observed separate professional groups of workers with acute crepitant tendovaginitis. Among them were: locksmiths — 158, turners — 45, riveters — 20, foremen — 23, milling cutters — 24, handymen — 20, construction workers — 25, loaders — 11, grinders — 15, non-physical workers — 50, other physical workers - 197.
New device for administering anesthetic solution under local anesthesia
Abstract
Local anesthesia is being improved both in the search for new painkillers and in the improvement of equipment. In order to facilitate the work of the surgeon and reduce the duration of operations performed under local anesthesia according to the method of A.V. Vishnevsky, many semi-automatic syringes and automatic devices have been proposed that provide a continuous supply of anesthetic solution, improve aseptic conditions, facilitate the operator's work, reduce the time of operations and contribute to a full pain relief.
V. I. Rokityansky. Injuries and orthopedic diseases during exercise and sports. "Medicine", 1964, 236 pages. Circulation 3200. Pr. 72 kopecks
Abstract
The book examines in detail the bruises of muscles, bones, nerve trunks, the ligamentous apparatus of the joints of the limbs and the spine. At the same time, attention is paid not only to macro-, but also to microtraumas, which is very important: the latter, as happens with irrational training, are often repeated and lead to the emergence of various chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system.
Hormones and enzymes in cardiology (based on the materials of the 16th annual scientific session of the Institute of Therapy of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences)
Abstract
At present, it has become possible to determine the activity of more than 40 different enzymes in blood serum, which expands the possibility of studying the pathogenesis of certain cardiovascular diseases and contributes to the creation of new diagnostic tests. Coenzymes, enzymes and their inhibitors are used as therapeutic agents for correcting disturbed metabolic processes (M. G. Kritsman - Moscow).
Republican Scientific and Practical Conference on Antenatal Fetal Care and Reducing the Mortality of Newborn Children
Abstract
The conference was organized by the Ministry of Health of the TASSR with the participation of the Kazan Scientific Societies of Obstetricians-Gynecologists and Pediatricians. The conference was attended by 91 delegates from the districts of the TASSR and the cities of Kazan, Chistopol, Zelenodolsk, Bugulma, Almetyevsk, Leninogorsk, Nizhnekamsk and guests.
Society of Surgeons of the TASSR
Abstract
As of 1/1 1965, the society consisted of 129 people, of which 53 were employees of the medical institute and GIDUV, 76 were practical doctors. A branch of the Surgical Society operates in Bugulma. The following professors were elected to the board of the society: R. A. Vyaselev, P. V. Kravchenko, N. P. Medvedev, Yu. A. Ratner, I. F. Kharitonov, V. N. Shubin, L. I. Shulutko, chief surgeon of the Ministry of Health of the TASSR M. Yu. Rosengarten, leading surgeon V. G. Basov. The chairman of the society was elected prof. I.F. Kharitonov.
Chronicle
Abstract
The issues of resuscitation in obstetric and gynecological practice were highlighted in the introductory speech by prof. V. A. Negovsky and at a sectional lesson conducted by VS Berman, head of the Moscow Center for Resuscitation in Obstetrics.
Application of modern methods of resuscitation for newborn asphyxia
Abstract
The problem of newborn asphyxia is one of the most important in obstetrics. In a state of asphyxia, up to 5-8% of all children are born (L. S. Persianinov, V. F. Matveeva and M. I. Koretsky, and others), and asphyxiation of the fetus and newborn in 50-60% is the cause of perinatal mortality ( M. Voyta, 1958; S. L. Keilin, 1964; A. N. Morozova, 1961; A. M. Foy, 1963; etc.).
Help for traumatic shock
Abstract
A traumatic shock is understood as such a state of the body when the phenomena of oppression of life - hypobiosis - come to the fore (A.P. Alferov, D.M. Sherman). In the clinic of shock, the dysfunctions of the nervous-humoral apparatus, the cardiovascular system, metabolism in general and gas exchange in particular are clearly manifested.