RECTO-SIGMOID INHIBITOR MOTOR REFLEX IN DIAGNOSTICS OF CHRONIC CONSTIPATION

The study of the functional state of the colon is important not only for the objectification of its pathology, but also in the planning of treatment of its diseases. Compared to evacuation, an assessment of the motor function of the colon is not so common in clinical practice. However, the data obtained in this case are often very valuable and convenient for understanding the dysfunction of the colon. This study reports a study of the contractile response of the sigmoid colon to dilation of the rectal ampule in patients with complaints of constipation. To assess the motor function of the sigmoid colon, the method of balloon manometry was used. Using a recording device with three pressure sensors and a computer for data processing in the Exel program, studies were performed in 9 patients with slow-transit chronic constipation and in 6 patients with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation. In a rectal ampoule, a rubber balloon fixed to a catheter was inflated with air until distinct urge to defecate appeared, and against this background, the motor reaction of the distal part of the sigmoid colon was evaluated. It was found that dilation of the rectal ampoule leads to inhibition of the contractile activity of the sigmoid colon. This reflex (inhibitory recto-sigmoid motor reflex) was detected both in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and in patients with chronic constipation. The conclusion is drawn on the importance of a functional study of the sigmoid colon, which allows not only to identify dysfunction of the nervous structures of the intestine, but can also be used to justify the option of forming an intestinal anastomosis after resection of the colon in patients with chronic constipation.

sigmoid colon, chronic constipation, diagnosis, motor reflex of the colon, colon motility, method of balloon manometry