卷 39, 编号 2 (2020)
- 年: 2020
- 文章: 12
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/RMMArep/issue/view/3456
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/rmmar.392
Articles
THE FEATURES OF TREATMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH, THE EVACUATION TACTICS AT THERMAL BURNS ON NAVY
摘要
The article is devoted to questions of treatment and diagnostic approach, the evacuation tactics at thermal burns of the Navy personnel. The main characteristics, the criteria of the prognosis of a burn trauma are submitted. The algorithms of antishock actions, therapy of a burn disease and inhalation defeat of airways are described. Also the attention is paid to the problems of inhalation poisoning with ship fire products (mainly, carbon monoxide) and components of volume chemical fire extinguishing system (chladones and derivatives of their thermal decomposition), acute nitrogen-induced hypoxia, acute overheating, which are capable to significantly worsen a clinical status and the forecast at burned seamen. The materials of article were included into the textbook on naval therapy published in Russian Military Medical Academy in 2015 (5 figs, 2 tables, bibliography: 6 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):3-16
3-16
EXPERIENCE IN CREATING AN INNOVATIVE PRODUCT: STAGES FROM THE IDEA TO THE PRODUCTION AREA
摘要
In the article, the author talks about his experience in an innovative process to create a biomedical cell product. From the idea to the production site. This process was started from the moment of choosing a lot of State science competition. Brainstorming was held, ideas were generated, tender documentation was prepared. Subsequently, the project within the framework of the competition was successfully completed. In addition to the ex vivo gene therapy drug developed as part of the competition, additional important results were obtained. So, biomarkers with good diagnostic potential for endometriosis were discovered. The author also addresses the shortcomings of the existing grant system to support innovative projects in the field of biomedicine.
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):17-21
17-21
POSSIBLE STRATEGIES FOR USING MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS TO TREAT FROSTBITE
摘要
The purpose of this review is to systematize scientific data and to assess the prospects for using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat injury in the Arctic. Here, we considered possible sources of MSCs, barriers and limitations of their use and possible strategies to improve their therapeutic outcome (bibliography: 33 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):22-26
22-26
FEATURES OF LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC OF COVID-19 DISEASE
摘要
Background. At the end of 2019, an outbreak of a new coronavirus infection occurred in the People›s Republic of China with an epicenter in Wuhan. On February 11, 2020, the World Health Organization assigned the infection its official name - COVID-19 (“Coronavirus disease 2019”), and the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses on February 11, 2020 assigned the official name to the causative agent - SARS-CoV-2. The aim of the work was the аnalysis of publications on the specifics of laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 disease with the goal of effective medical and psychological support during dynamic observation in young people. The study is relevant due to the fact that the disease quickly spread around the planet with the active drift of the pathogen into the territory of the Russian Federation. Materials and methods. When conducting the research, scientific publications in open press materials were used, selected in accordance with the purpose of the study, which are contained in domestic and foreign databases. Results. According to the current regulatory documents, the diagnosis of the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is established on the basis of a clinical examination, data from an epidemiological history and laboratory results. Based on the results of the clinical examination, the issue of the type of medical care and the amount of additional examination are being resolved. It is known that a large number of affected individuals can remain asymptomatic (according to various sources, from 17.9 to 78%), despite the fact that there is insufficient reliable data on the infectivity of asymptomatic people and how asymptomatic infection leads to transmission of the virus. A confirmed case of COVID-19 is considered to be a case with laboratory confirmation by any of the methods using diagnostic drugs and test systems registered in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation. Discussion. The use of such laboratory methods (real-time RT-PCR) is absolutely necessary because it improves the accuracy of diagnosis of the underlying disease and improves the quality of the medical and psychological support of the patient since cases of the apparently asymptomatic COVID-19 course have been identified. Conclusion. The outcomes of this pandemic are not yet clear and cause concern both for a healthy generation that can be infected, and for sick people who have various options for the pathological process from asymptomatic to severe with fatal outcomes. It is believed that one of the main reasons for this rapid development of the pandemic was the lack of diagnostic test systems for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 (bibliography: 47 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):27-34
27-34
GENETIC PREDICTORS OF REGULATION OF THE ACTIVITY OF A STRESS-SYSTEM
摘要
Brief information on the genes of the dopamine system, one of the most important proteins involved in the formation of stress and stress resistance, is presented. The data on the synthesis of dopamine, the COMT and MAO genes that take part in its metabolism, the role of dopamine in the activities of the reward system, the association of dopamine and Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The gene polymorphism PRTFDC1 (rs6482463 (A; G)), which, as shown, is associated with a predisposition to stress, is described (bibliography: 48 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):35-45
35-45
GENERALIZED TUBERCULOSIS IN A MILITARY PROCEEDING UNDER THE MASK OF SARCOIDOSIS. CLINICAL CASE
摘要
In recent years, the epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in Russia and the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation remains tense for a number of reasons. Including this fact is caused by untimely, sometimes posthumous, detection of tuberculosis. Late diagnosis of the disease is associated with a low-symptom or asymptomatic clinical course, the absence of pathognomonic radiological, laboratory, immunological signs of the disease, often the absence of bacterial excretion. The detection of tuberculosis is also difficult in the differential diagnosis with sarcoidosis, which is characterized by very similar clinical, radiological and even pathomorphological signs in the form of granulomatous inflammation. An analysis of a clinical case was carried out in which for a young man for about 1.5 years tuberculosis proceeded along the mask of sarcoidosis, which led to the generalization of a specific infection. Even after the start of an intensive examination using modern diagnostic methods, it took two months to go from the diagnoses of “lacunar tonsillitis”, “community-acquired pneumonia”, “sarcoidosis of the respiratory system”, “lymphoproliferative disease of unknown etiology” to the diagnosis “generalized tuberculosis” confirmed histologically. A decisive role in identifying the disease was played by biopsy methods followed by histological verification of the diagnosis. Thus, it is advisable for all patients with suspected sarcoidosis who are admitted to military medical organizations, regardless of the stage of the process and the results of the previous examination, to consult a TB specialist, performing a diagnostic minimum to exclude active tuberculosis (bibliography: 7 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):46-50
46-50
DANIO RERIO (ZEBRAFISH) AS A MODEL FOR RADIOBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
摘要
Objective: to estimate the possibility of using Danio rerio (Zebrafish) as a test system for assessing the effects of ionizing radiation using an erythrocyte micronuclei test. Materials and methods: 6 groups of fish (n = 120) were exposed to X-rays in doses of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 Gy to calculate semi-lethal dose (LD50 / 30). 9 groups of fish (n = 27) were exposed to X-ray at doses of 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 6,0, 8.0 Gy for constructing a dose-dependent curve of the occurrence of micronuclei in peripheral blood red blood cells. Results: the semi-lethal dose (LD50 / 30) for Danio rerio was calculated (24.9 Gy). The frequencies of micronuclei in the erythrocytes of Danio rerio were dose-dependent. Significant data of the frequency of occurrence of micronuclei were found when fish were irradiated at doses of 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 Gy. Conclusion: Danio rerio fish are characterized by extreme radioresistance, thereby we suggest the prospect of their use in radiobiology as a lab test system for assessing the effectiveness of factors that induce mutagenic effects of ionizing radiation (1 figure, 1 table, bibliography: 11 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):51-54
51-54
PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDICAL PERSONNEL AND CADET (STUDENT) IN CONDITIONS ADVERSIVE EPIDEMIC SITUATION
摘要
This paper reviews stress related healthcare workers mental problems that occur in adverse situation of COVID-19 pandemic. We discuss acute stress reactions, acute and posttraumatic stress disorders screening methods, strategy of emergency psychological assistance and prevention of mental health complications (2 figs, bibliography: 16 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):55-60
55-60
PROFESSOR’S S. A. SHALAEV 80TH ANNIVERSARY
摘要
Sergey Alekseevich Shalaev (born 1939) - surgeon, doctor of medical sciences (1984), professor (1986), honored doctor of the Russian Federation (1995), colonel of medical service (1980). Head of the department of thoracic (hospital) surgery from 1988 to 1994. Priority research in the field of surgery of lung cancer, purulent-destructive diseases of the lungs and pleura, injuries and injuries of the chest and chest cavity, resuscitation and anesthesia in thoracic surgery and pulmonology (1 figure, bibliography: 8 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):61-64
61-64
KRONSTADT NAVAL HOSPITAL IN THE REVOLUTIONARY EVENTS OF 1917-1921
摘要
The revolutionary events of 1917-1921 played a huge social significance in the life of the Russian state. They stirred up the masses of the St. Petersburg workers and matrons of Kronstadt. Thanks to the dedicated work of doctors, medical assistants, nurses and nurses of the Kronstadt Marine Hospital, all patients were provided with the necessary medical care during the revolutionary events (7 figs, bibliography: 6 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):65-70
65-70
Original articles
DANIO RERIO (ZEBRAFISH) AS A MODEL FOR RADIOBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
摘要
Objective: to estimate the possibility of using Danio rerio (Zebrafish) as a test system for assessing the effects of ionizing radiation using an erythrocyte micronuclei test.
Materials and methods: 6 groups of fish (n = 120) were exposed to X-rays in doses of 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 Gy to calculate semi-lethal dose (LD50 / 30). 9 groups of fish (n = 27) were exposed to X-ray at doses of 0 Gy (control), 0.5 Gy, 1.0 Gy, 1.5 Gy, 2.0 Gy, 3.0 Gy, 4.0 Gy, 6,0 Gy, 8.0 Gy for constructing a dose-dependent curve of the occurrence of micronuclei in peripheral blood red blood cells.
Results: the semi-lethal dose (LD50 / 30) for Danio rerio was calculated (24.9 Gy). The frequencies of micronuclei in the erythrocytes of Danio rerio were dose-dependent. Significant data of the frequency of occurrence of micronuclei were found when fish were irradiated at doses of 4.0 Gy, 6.0 Gy and 8.0 Gy.
Conclusion: Danio rerio fish are characterized by extreme radioresistance, thereby we suggest the prospect of their use in radiobiology as a lab test system for assessing the effectiveness of factors that induce mutagenic effects of ionizing radiation.
(1 pic., 1 tab., Bibl .: source)
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):
Personalia
PROFESSOR’S S. A. SHALAEV 80TH ANNIVERSARY
摘要
Shalaev Sergey Alekseevich (born 1939) - surgeon, doctor of medical sciences (1984), professor (1986), honored doctor of the Russian Federation (1995), colonel of medical service (1980). Head of the department of thoracic (hospital) surgery from 1988 to 1994. Priority research in the field of surgery of lung cancer, purulent-destructive diseases of the lungs and pleura, injuries and injuries of the chest and chest cavity, resuscitation and anesthesia in thoracic surgery and pulmonology (1 figure, bibliography: 8 refs).
Russian Military Medical Academy Reports. 2020;39(2):