SPONTANEOUS INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. RISK FACTORS

Acute disorders of cerebral circulation are one of the most severe pathologies of vascular lesions of the brain. Spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage is the most common form of this group. Due to the high level of mortality and disability this topic is an important topic of modern medicine. The aim of our research was to establish risk factors for the spontaneous intracranial hemorrhages, taking into account sex, age and comorbidities. As a material were used protocols of post-morten examinations, taken from archive of educational pathology laboratory of ministry of defense of Russian Federation over 2016-2018 years, totally 35 cases. Average age of patients was 59 years, male patients more than female in ratio 1:9, 1/3 of cases made up a “family” case. The most common cause of cerebral hemorrhage is hypertension (80- 85% of cases), atherosclerosis of large cerebral vessels (40-45%), blood diseases (thrombocytopenia, lymphocytopenia - 2%), inflammatory changes in brain vessels (encephalopathy - 7%), aneurisms of large cerebral vessels (5%). Arterial hypertension is a risk factor for both hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. Risk in patients with blood pressure higher than 160/95 mm Hg the risk increases approximately 4 times in comparison to people wit blood pressure lower than 140/90 mm Hg, and at blood pressure more than 200/115 mm Hg - 10 times. Prognostic risk factors 3 for the lethal outcome of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhages include a large volume of hemorrhage - 60-70 sm , localization of hemorrhage (on the lower surface of the brain), including mixed, the presence of complications in the form of blood breakthrough into the ventricles of the brain and into the subarachnoid space.

spontaneous intracranial hemorrhages, aneurysm, atherosclerosis, hypertensive disease, prognostic factors, fatal outcome