Early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: potential of 18F-FDG PET as a biomarker of neurodegeneration
- Authors: Emelin A.Y.1, Litvinenko I.V.1, Lobzin V.Y.1,2, Lupanov I.A.1, Kolmakova K.A.1, Dynin P.S.1, Boykov I.V.1
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Affiliations:
- Military Medical Academy
- Saint Petersburg University
- Issue: Vol 43, No 4 (2024)
- Pages: 419-427
- Section: Original articles
- URL: https://journals.rcsi.science/RMMArep/article/view/275784
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/rmmar636520
- ID: 275784
Cite item
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Dementia is considered one of the most actual medical problems of our time, being one of the main causes of disability among the elderly, and its prevalence will only increase in the coming years. The first place among conditions leading to dementia is given to Alzheimer’s disease (up to 70%). The effectiveness of Alzheimer’s disease therapy largely depends on the timeliness of diagnosis, which leads to the need to search for diagnostic markers that allow to detect the disease at the earliest stages.
AIM: To evaluate the possibilities of using 18F-FDG PET for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cerebral metabolism was assessed using positron emission tomography with 18F-FDG. A total of 183 patients were divided into groups depending on their diagnosis and the severity of cognitive impairment.
RESULTS: A characteristic pattern of cerebral metabolic disorders has been established in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. It can be detected in the early pre-dementia stages and has developmental features as the disease progresses. The pattern was characterized by bilateral hypometabolism in the parietal and temporal cortex with a predominance in its mediobasal sections. An important marker of the development of the neurodegenerative process was a metabolic disorder of the cingulate gyrus, the posterior sections of which are affected already at the earliest stages of the disease, while the involvement of its anterior sections reflects the transition to the stage of severe dementia. Described metabolic disorders prevailed in the dominant (left) brain hemisphere at all stages of the disease.
CONCLUSION: Currently 18F-FDG PET can be considered the most informative of the available methods for the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease which have a fairly high degree of accuracy.
Full Text
##article.viewOnOriginalSite##About the authors
Andrey Yu. Emelin
Military Medical Academy
Author for correspondence.
Email: emelinand@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4723-802X
SPIN-code: 9650-1368
Scopus Author ID: 35773115100
ResearcherId: 1-8241-2016
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgIgor' V. Litvinenko
Military Medical Academy
Email: litvinenkoiv@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8988-3011
SPIN-code: 6112-2792
Scopus Author ID: 35734354000
ResearcherId: F-9120-2013
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgVladimir Yu. Lobzin
Military Medical Academy; Saint Petersburg University
Email: vladimirlobzin@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3109-8795
SPIN-code: 7779-3569
Scopus Author ID: 57203881632
ResearcherId: I-4819-2016
MD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor
Russian Federation, Saint Peterburg; Saint PeterburgIvan A. Lupanov
Military Medical Academy
Email: lupanov.ia@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-7918-9227
SPIN-code: 2986-6679
ResearcherId: НОА-9697-2023
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgKristina A. Kolmakova
Military Medical Academy
Email: kris_kolmakova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8657-1901
SPIN-code: 3058-8088
ResearcherId: I-8241-2016
MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine)
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgPavel S. Dynin
Military Medical Academy
Email: pavdynin@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5006-8394
SPIN-code: 8323-3951
Scopus Author ID: 57194607735
ResearcherId: I-3470-2016
M. D., Ph. D. (Medicine);
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgIgor' V. Boykov
Military Medical Academy
Email: qwertycooolt@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9594-9822
SPIN-code: 1453-8437
ResearcherId: М-8449-2016
M.D., D.Sc. (Medicine); Professor
Russian Federation, Saint PetersburgReferences
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