Species diversity and biological properties of dominant species of causative agents of poststernotomic infectious complications in cardiac surgery

Cover Page

Cite item

Full Text

Abstract

Objective. To study the microbial and biological properties of the dominant species of causative agents of infectious and inflammatory complications after cardiac surgery. Infectious and inflammatory complications (IIC) developing after cardiac surgery with sternal approach such as thoracic and rib osteomyelitis, sterno-mediastinitis are severe life threatening states.

Materials and methods. Bacteriological study of the sternal wound discharge from 178 patients with different infectious and inflammatory complications after sternotomic open-heart surgeries was conducted. Biological properties of isolates were investigated.

Results. There were detected 242 strains of microorganisms referring to different taxons. Gram-positive bacteria, in particular, S. aureus and S. epidermidis prevailed. Out of gram-negative bacteria, prevailed P. aeruginosa and E. coli. All isolates S. aureus and P. aeruginosa possessed different factors of virulence and persistence including ability to biofilm formation. Carbapenems displayed the greatest bactericidal activity in relation to S. aureus and P. aeruginosa.

Conclusions. The obtained data permit to optimize the preoperative preparation of cardiac surgery patients.

About the authors

A. V. Kasatov

E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University; Perm Regional Clinical Hospital

Email: eduard.gorovitz@mail.ru

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of Department of Hospital Surgery, Head Physician

Russian Federation

E. S. Gorovits

E.A. Vagner Perm State Medical University

Author for correspondence.
Email: eduard.gorovitz@mail.ru

MD, PhD, Professor, Head of Department of Microbiology and Virology

Russian Federation

References

  1. Khubulava G.G., Shikhverdiev N.N., Vogt P.R., Marchenko S.P., Naumov A.B., Suvorov V.V., Averkin I.I. Results of the application of the technique for elimination of sternal infection in cardiac surgery patients. Vestnik hirurgii im. I.I. Grekova. 2015; 174 5): 57–60 in Russian).
  2. Porkhanov V.A., Polyakov I.S., Kovalenko A.L., Sirota A.A. Modern tactics of treatment of postoperative sternomediastinitis using vacuum dressings. Rany i ranevye infekcii: Materialy I Mezhdunarodnogo kongressa Moscow 2012; 277–278 in Russian).
  3. Meszaros K., Fuehrer U., Grogg S., Sodeck G., Czerny M., Marschall J., Carrel T. Risk Factors for Sternal Wound Infection After Open Heart Operations Vary According to Type of Operation. Ann Thorac Surg 2016; 101: 1418–1425.
  4. Korymasov E.A., Pushkin S. Yu., Benyan A.S., Medvedchiov-Ardia M.A. Strategy and tactics of surgical treatment of infectious complications after sternotomy. Rany i ranevye infekcii. Zhurnal im. prof. B.M. Kostjuchenka 2015; 2 4): 15–25 in Russian).
  5. Popov D.A. Postoperative infectious complications in cardiac surgery. Annaly Hirurgii 2013; 5: 15–21 in Russian).
  6. Gardlund B., Bitkover C.Y., Vaage J. Postoperative mediastinitis in cardiac surgery – microbiology and pathogenesis. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2002; 21 5): 825–830.
  7. Epifanova N.Yu., Kulabukhov V.V., Zhao A.V. The principles of the approach to antibiotic prophylaxis in surgery in modern conditions. Vysokotehnologicheskaja medicina 2016; 3 1): 26–39 in Russian).
  8. Vachev A.N., Koryttsev V.K., Adyshirin E.E., Gladyshev V.V. Differentiated approach in the treatment of patients with sternomediastinitis after cardiac surgery. Vestnik hirurgii 2018; 177 2): 60–63 in Russian).
  9. Bukharin O.V. Persistence of pathogenic bacteria. M.: Medicine 1999; 366 in Russian).
  10. Shaginyan I.A., Danilina G.A., Chernukha M.Yu., Alekseeva G.V., Batov A.B. Biofilm formation by clinical strains of bacteria of the Burkholderia cepacia complex depending on their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Zhurnal mikrobiologii 2007; 1: 3–9 in Russian).
  11. O'Toole G.A., Kolter R. Flagellar and twitching motility are necessary for P. aeruginosa biofilm development. Mol Microbiol 1998; 30: 295–304.
  12. Nazarchuk A.A., Faustova M.A., Kolodiy S.A. Microbiological characteristics of infectious complications, current aspects of their prevention and treatment in surgical patients. Novosti hirurgii 2019; 27 3): 318–327.
  13. Kramer A., Pochhammer J., Walger P., Seifert U., Ruhnke M., Harnoss J.C. Erregerspek trum postoperativer Komplikationen in der Viszeralchirurgie. Der Chirurg 2017; 88 5): 369–376.
  14. Kuznetsova M.V. Characterization of the biological properties of nosocomial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Permskij medicinskij zhurnal 2014; 31 3): 59–64 in Russian).
  15. Walsh E.E., Greene L., Kirshner R. Sustained reduction in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus wound infections after cardiothoracic surgery. Arch Intern Med 2011; 171 1): 68–73.
  16. Gorbunov V.A., Dzhordzhikia R.K., Mukharyamov M.N., Vagizov I.I. Management tactics of post-sternotomy mediastinitis in cardiac surgery patients. Hirurgija 2016; 11 2): 41–45 in Russian).

Copyright (c) 2021 Kasatov A.V., Gorovits E.S.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
 


This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies