Cavernous malformations of the brain and modern views on their treatment

Мұқаба

Дәйексөз келтіру

Толық мәтін

Аннотация

Cavernous malformations of the brain have become an increasingly common pathology in recent years, thanks to the advancement of modern methods of neuroimaging. Despite the benign nature of the course in most cases, these formations can cause convulsions and serious neurological disorders. Typically, clinical manifestations are caused by hemorrhages in the structure of the cavernous and surrounding parenchyma of the brain. The management strategy chosen for patients with cerebral cavernous malformations is determined by the type of malformation, its size, localization, the presence of repeated hemorrhages, and the clinical picture.

This literature review focuses on modern methods of treating cerebral cavernous malformations. The main methods of treatment for cavernous malformations of the brain, particularly surgical treatment, have been analyzed. If surgical intervention is not possible, alternative methods of treatment include radiation therapy, such as stereotaxic radiosurgery, and proton therapy, in cases of deep location of foci in functionally significant areas of the brain, which are characterized by the highest risk of complications. Thе possibilities, efficacy, and safety of stereotactic radiosurgical treatment are discussed, as well as the use of proton therapy in the treatment of cavernous malformations. Furthermore, radiation therapy has been shown to be beneficial for cavernous malformations.

Толық мәтін

##article.viewOnOriginalSite##

Авторлар туралы

Elena Girya

Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine

Хат алмасуға жауапты Автор.
Email: mishka_77@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5875-1489
SPIN-код: 4793-7748

Radiologist of Radiosurgery Department
Ресей, 3 Bol’shaya Sukharevskaya ploshcad, 129010 Moscow

Valentin Sinitsyn

Lomonosov Moscow State University

Email: vsini@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5649-2193
SPIN-код: 8449-6590

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Radiation Diagnostics, Medical Research and Education Center

 
Ресей, Moscow

Alexey Tokarev

Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine; Moscow Health Department

Email: alex_am_00@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8415-5602
SPIN-код: 1608-0630

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Head of Moscow Health Department, neurosurgeon of Radiosurgery Department

Ресей, 3 Bol’shaya Sukharevskaya ploshcad, 129010 Moscow; Moscow

Әдебиет тізімі

  1. Mukha AM, Dashyan VG, Krylov VV. Cavernous malformations of the brain. Neurological Journal. 2013;18(5):46–51. (In Russ).
  2. Popov VE, Livshits MI, Bashlachev MG, Nalivkin AE. Cavernous malformations in children: a literature review. Almanac of Clinical Medicine. 2018;46(2):146–159. (In Russ). doi: 10.18786/2072-0505-2018-46-2-146-159
  3. Caton MT, Shenoy VS. Cerebral Cavernous Malformations. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2019. doi: 10.20959/wjpr202011-18275
  4. Flemming KD, Brown RD Jr. Epidemiology and natural history of intracranial vascular malformations. In: H.R. Winn, ed. Youmans and Winn neurological surgery, 7th ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2017.
  5. Gotko AV, Kivelev JV, Sleep AS. Cavernous malformations of the brain and spinal cord. Ukrainian neurosurgical Journal. 2013;(3):10–15. (In Russ).
  6. Rodich A, Smeyanovich A, Sidorovich R, et al. Modern approaches to the surgical treatment of cavernous angiomas of the brain. Science and Innovation. 2018;10(188):70–73. (In Russ).
  7. Gross BA, Du R. Natural history of cerebral arteriovenous malformations: a meta-analysis. J. Neurosurg. 2013;118(2):437–443. doi: 10.3171/2012.10.JNS121280
  8. Kearns KN, Chen CJ, Tvrdik P, et al. Outcomes of surgery for brainstem cavernous malformations: a systematic review. Stroke. 2019;50(10):2964–2966. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.026120
  9. Sazonov IA, Belousova OB. Cavernous malformation, which caused the development of extensive acute subdural hematoma. Case study and literature review. Questions of neurosurgery named after N.N. Burdenko. 2019;3(3):73–76. (In Russ). doi: 10.17116/neiro20198303173
  10. Mouchtouris N, Chalouhi N, Chitale A, et al. Management of cerebral cavernous malformations: from diagnosis to treatment. Scientific World Journal. 2015;2015:808314. doi: 10.1155/2015/808314
  11. Negoto T, Terachi S, Baba Y, et al. Symptomatic brainstem cavernoma of elderly patients: timing and strategy of surgical treatment. Two case reports and review of the literature. World Neurosurg. 2018;111:227–234. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.12.111
  12. Batra S, Lin D, Recinos PF, et al. Cavernous malformations: natural history, diagnosis and treatment. Nature Reviews Neurology. 2009;5(12):659–670. doi: 10.1038/nrneurol.2009.177
  13. Al-Shahi Salman R, White PM, Counsell CE, et al. Outcome after conservative management or intervention for unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations. JAMA. 2014;311(16):1661–1669. doi: 10.1001/jama.2014.3200
  14. Hakim AA, Gralla J, Rozeik C, et al. Anomalies and normal variants of the cerebral arterial supply: A comprehensive pictorial review with a proposed workflow for classification and significance. J Neuroimaging. 2018;28(1):14–35. doi: 10.1111/jon.12475
  15. Polkovnikov AY. Arteriovenous malformations of the cerebral hemispheres with a small and medium-sized nucleus, features of clinical manifestations and methods of surgical treatment. Current Issues of Pharmaceutical and Medical Science and Practice. 2013;2(12):033–038. (In Russ).
  16. Chang EF, Wang DD, Barkovich A, et al. Predictors of seizure freedom after surgery for malformations of cortical development. Ann Neurol. 2011;70(1):151–162. doi: 10.1002/ana.22399
  17. Pasqualin A, Meneghelli P, Giammarusti A, Turazzi S. Results of surgery for cavernomas in critical supratentorial areas. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2014;119:117–123. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-02411-0_20
  18. Maryashev SA. Stereotactic irradiation of arteriovenous malformations of the brain [dissertation abstract]. Moscow; 2016. 26 р. (In Russ).
  19. Shimizu K, Kosaka N, Yamamoto T, et al. Arterial spin labeling perfusion-weighted MRI for long-term follow-up of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation after stereotactic radiosurgery. Acta Radiol Short Rep. 2014;3(1). doi: 10.1177/2047981613510160
  20. Seo Y, Kim DG, Dho YS, et al. A retrospective analysis of the outcomes of dural arteriovenous fistulas treated with gamma knife radiosurgery: a single-institution experience. Stereotactic Functional Neurosurgery. 2018;96(1):46–53. doi: 10.1159/000486685
  21. Lee CC, Wang WH, Yang HC, et al. Gamma Knife radiosurgery for cerebral cavernous malformation. Sci Rep. 2019;9(1):19743. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56119-1
  22. Kefeli AU, Sengoz M, Peker S. Gamma knife radiosurgery for hemorrhagic brainstem cavernomas. Turk Neurosurg. 2018;29(1):14–19. doi: 10.5137/1019-5149.JTN.21690-17.1
  23. Cantu C, Murillo-Bonilla L, Arauz A, et al. Predictive factors for intracerebral hemorrhage in patients with cavernous angiomas. Neurol Res. 2005;27(3):314–318. doi: 10.1179/016164105X39914
  24. Wang CC, Liu A, Zhang J, et al. Surgical management of brain-stem cavernous malformations: report of 137 cases. Surg Neurol. 2003;59(6):444–454. doi: 10.1016/s0090-3019(03)00187-3
  25. Abla AA, Turner JD, Mitha AP, et al. Surgical approaches to brainstem cavernous malformations. Neurosurgical Focus. 2010;29(3):E8. doi: 10.3171/2010.6.FOCUS10128
  26. Wen R, Shi Y, Gao Y, et al. The efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery for cavernous malformations: a meta-analysis and review. World Neurosurgery. 2019;123:371–377. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.12.046
  27. Park SH, Hwang SK. Gamma knife radiosurgery for symptomatic brainstem intra-axial cavernous malformations. World Neurosurgery. 2013;80(6):261–266. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2012.09.013
  28. Frischer JM, Gatterbauer B, Holzer S, et al. Microsurgery and radiosurgery for brainstem cavernomas: effective and complementary treatment options. World Neurosurgery. 2014;81(3-4):520–528 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2014.01.004
  29. Kondziolka D, Lunsford LD, Flickinger JC, Kestle JR. Reduction of hemorrhage risk after stereotactic radiosurgery for cavernous malformations. J Neurosurg. 1995;83(5):825–831. doi: 10.3171/jns.1995.83.5.0825
  30. Aboukais R, Estrade L, Devos P, et al. Gamma knife radiosurgery of brainstem cavernous malformations. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2016;94(6):397–403. doi: 10.1159/000452844
  31. Lopez-Serrano R, Martinez NE, Kusak ME, et al. Significant hemorrhage rate reduction after gamma knife radiosurgery in symptomatic cavernous malformations: long-term outcome in 95 case series and literature review. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg. 2017;95(6):369–378. doi: 10.1159/000480664
  32. Shin SS, Murdoch G, Hamilton RL, et al. Pathological response of cavernous malformations following radiosurgery. J Neurosurg. 2015;123(4):938–944. doi: 10.3171/2014.10.jns14499
  33. Gewirtz RJ, Steinberg GK, Crowley R, Levy RP. Pathological changes in surgically resected angiographically occult vascular malformations after radiation. Neurosurgery. 1998;42(4):738–741. doi: 10.1097/00006123-199804000-00031
  34. Nyary I, Major O, Hanzely Z, Szeifert GT. Histopathological fndings in a surgically resected thalamic cavernous hemangioma 1 year afer 40-gy irradiation. J Neurosurg. 2005;102(Suppl):56–58. doi: 10.3171/sup.2005.102.s_supplement.0056
  35. Monaco EA, Khan AA, Niranjan A, et al. Stereotactic radiosurgery for the treatment of symptomatic brainstem cavernous malformations. Neurosurgical Focus. 2010;29(3):E11. doi: 10.3171/2010.7.FOCUS10151
  36. Tian KB, Zheng JJ, Ma JP, et al. Clinical course of untreated thalamic cavernous malformations: hemorrhage risk and neurological outcomes. J Neurosurg. 2017;127(3):480–491. doi: 10.3171/2016.8.JNS16934
  37. Kida Y. Radiosurgery for cavernous malformations in basal ganglia, thalamus and brainstem. Prog Neurol Surg. 2009;22:31–37. doi: 10.1159/000163380
  38. Kim BS, Yeon JY, Kim JS, et al. Gamma Knife radiosurgery of the symptomatic brain stem cavernous angioma with low marginal dose. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2014;126:110-114. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.08.028
  39. Menzler K. Epileptogenicity of cavernomas depends on (archi-) cortical localization. Neurosurgery. 2010;67:918–924. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0b013e3181eb5032
  40. Liao C, Visocchi M, Zhang W, et al. Management of cerebral radiation necrosis: a retrospective study of 12 patients. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2017;124:195–201. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-39546-3_30
  41. Akers A, Salman RA, Awad I, et al. Synopsis of guidelines for the clinical management of cerebral cavernous malformations: consensus recommendations based on systematic literature review by the angioma alliance scientific advisory board clinical experts panel. Neurosurgery. 2017;80(5):665–680. doi: 10.1093/neuros/nyx091
  42. Garcia RM, Ivan ME, Lawton MT. Brainstem cavernous malformations: surgical results in 104 patients and a proposed grading system to predict neurological outcomes. Neurosurgery. 2015;76(3):265–277. doi: 10.1227/NEU.0000000000000602
  43. Krylov VV, Dashyan VG, Shetova IM, et al. Neurosurgical care for patients with cerebral vascular diseases in the Russian Federation. Neurosurgery. 2017;(4):11–20. (In Russ).
  44. Willie JT, Malcolm JG, Stern MA, et al. Safety and effectiveness of stereotactic laser ablation for epileptogenic cerebral cavernous malformations. Epilepsia. 2019;60(2):220–232. doi: 10.1111/epi.14634
  45. Amponsah K, Ellis TL, Chan MD, et al. Retrospective analysis of imaging techniques for treatment planning and monitoring of obliteration for gamma knife treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformation. Neurosurgery. 2012;71(4):893–899. doi: 10.1227/neu.0b013e3182672a83
  46. Chen CC, Chapman P, Petit J, et al. Proton radiosurgery in neurosurgery. Neurosurg Focus. 2007;23(6):E5. doi: 10.3171/FOC-07/12/E5
  47. Medical and Technical Complex: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research. Cavernous angiomas (cavernomas) [Internet]. Available from: http://mtk.jinr.ru/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=33&Itemid=53.

Қосымша файлдар

Қосымша файлдар
Әрекет
1. JATS XML
Жүктеу

© Girya E.N., Sinitsyn V.V., Tokarev A.S., 2021

Creative Commons License
Бұл мақала лицензия бойынша қол жетімді Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Осы сайт cookie-файлдарды пайдаланады

Біздің сайтты пайдалануды жалғастыра отырып, сіз сайттың дұрыс жұмыс істеуін қамтамасыз ететін cookie файлдарын өңдеуге келісім бересіз.< / br>< / br>cookie файлдары туралы< / a>