Сolloidal silicon dioxide use (Polisorb MP) at food allergy skin and gastrointestinal manifestations

Background. At present, due to high prevalence of allergic diseases which start in early childhood, the search for new prevention and treatment methods is in great demand.

Aim. To study the effectiveness of the Russian-produced enterosorbent – colloidal silicon dioxide – in the treatment of patients with food allergies combined with atopic dermatitis and gastrointestinal manifestations.

Materials and methods. An open, randomized, comparative clinical study of the enterosorbent (colloidal silicon dioxide) effectiveness has been conducted in parallel groups of infants and preschool children with food allergy skin and gastrointestinal manifestations. The main groups (1 – 67 children with food allergies and atopic dermatitis skin manifestations, 3 – 60 children with food allergies and gastrointestinal manifestations) received, along with basic medication, colloidal silicon dioxide enterosorbent day at an age-specific dosage twice a for 10–14 days. Control groups (2 – 60 children with food allergies and atopic dermatitis skin manifestations, 4 – 60 children with food allergies and gastrointestinal manifestations) did not receive enterosorbent. All children underwent a clinical, functional and laboratory status assessment, including medical records analysis, a pediatrician clinical examination, narrow specialists (allergist-immunologist) examination, laboratory and instrumental research. The treatment effectiveness was being evaluated on the 14th day after the initiation of therapy and after 30 days. The therapy effectiveness was assessed based on regression of skin syndrome clinical and gastrointestinal manifestations, intoxication syndrome and laboratory parameters (IgE, hemogram eosinophilia duration). The study was conducted from 2017 to 2019. On the basis of LLC “Modern Medical Technologies Clinics” (Kemerovo).

Results. Therapy with colloidal silicon dioxide increases the significance of food allergy skin manifestations positive dynamics, which makes it possible to reduce the volume of medication and the duration of topical glucocorticosteroids use to 5.34±0.35 days, in the compared group –10.52±0.85 days (p=0.002). All patients with food allergy combined with atopic dermatitis in the main and control groups noted positive clinical dynamics, appearing as decrease in the skin inflammatory reaction area and intensity. However, the of colloidal silicon dioxide use accelerates skin syndrome condition normalization significantly (group 1 – skin syndrome persisted in 2.9±2.0% after 14 days, in group 2 18.3±4.9%; p=0.003). Colloidal silicon dioxide use accelerates humoral immunity state normalization (IgE) and peripheral blood parameters (hemogram eosinophilia). Colloidal silicon dioxide therapy accelerates food allergy gastrointestinal manifestations positive dynamics in children. Two weeks after the sorbent therapy started, gastrointestinal tract lesions symptoms frequency is less than in patients in the compared group. Diarrhea frequency before treatment started was 48.3±6.5%, 45.0±6.4% in the compared groups. After two weeks it decreased to 6.7±3.2% with the Polisorb therapy and to 16.6±4.8% in the compared group (p=0.003). Abdominal pain was noted by patients of both groups equally often before the study began. After 2 weeks, abdominal pain was noted by ten percent 10.0±3.9% of patients taking colloidal silicon dioxide and 25.0±5.6% of the compared group (p=0.009).

Conclusion. Taking into account the composition of the colloidal silicon dioxide, it makes sense to include this medication in children’s food allergies complex treatment starting from infancy, which contributes to a more rapid relief of gastrointestinal system damage symptoms, life quality improvement for children and their parents, and decrease in medication load. When using colloidal silicon dioxide in children with food allergies, a faster dynamics of disease symptoms relief (p=0.003) was noted, which allows us to conclude that it is highly effective in the treatment of allergic diseases associated with food sensitization.