Topical aspects of studying cause-and-effect relations in the school history course using the example of the Patriotic War of 1812

the article is devoted to the analysis of the cause-and-effect relationships that determined the emergence and outcome of the Patriotic War of 1812, which was the largest military victory of Russia in the entire imperial period of its history and, therefore, represents a classic and key topic of the school curriculum, capable of generating serious problems for students in the framework of knowledge testing on the Basic State Exam and the Unified State Exam. The latter circumstance is due to the inevitable simplification of the content of this topic in the 9th grade, when it is covered according to the age criteria of the linear system and immeasurably higher requirements for the graduating 11th grade, including solving fairly complex tasks requiring an understanding of the logical determinants of the historical process in conditions when the teacher does not have time to re-study or at least repeat the problems of the "storm of 1912". The article offers a volume of material on the history of the war of 1812 that is relevant to the school curriculum and has been tested in practice, revealing the historical determinants of this decisive military conflict and targeting the audience at a problematic and analytical study of the topic with an emphasis on a comprehensive study of the complex system of cause-and-effect relationships through the analysis of sources and historiography.

causes and results of the Patriotic War of 1812, determinants of key events, reasons for Russia's victory