Oxidative stress and increasing antioxidant defence in type 2 diabetes

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Abstract

The article discusses topical issues reflecting the high prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM), the continuing trend towards an increase in the number of patients, the high incidence of vascular complications that lead to early disability and high mortality. The review presents current data on the role of oxidative stress in the development and progression of vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes, as well as the mechanisms underlying the imbalance between prooxidants and the antioxidant defense system in this disease. The article presents the role of a balanced diet in achieving metabolic goals and increasing antioxidant protection in type 2 diabetes. The review provides data on the role of vitamins in the correction of metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes. The increased need for antioxidant vitamins in diabetes is due to impaired glucose metabolism in this category of patients. Food products, which contain polyphenolic compounds, have a pronounced antioxidant and antithrombotic activity, which favorably affect metabolic parameters that contribute to weight loss. Thus, one of the ways to optimize the therapeutic nutrition of patients with type 2 diabetes is the inclusion in the standard hypocaloric diet of specialized food products containing antioxidant vitamins and minor biologically active substances with pronounced antioxidant properties.

About the authors

Khaider Khamzyarovich Sharafetdinov

Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology; Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education; Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Author for correspondence.
Email: sharafandr@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6061-0095

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of the Department of Metabolic Diseases and Diet Therapy

Russian Federation, 2/14, Ustinskiy proezd, Moscow, 109240, Russia; Moscow; Moscow

Oxana A. Plotnikova

Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology

Email: plot_oks@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8232-8437

MD, PhD

Russian Federation, 2/14, Ustinskiy proezd, Moscow, 109240, Russia

Victory V. Pilipenko

Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology

Email: kushonok9@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0628-0854
Russian Federation, 2/14, Ustinskiy proezd, Moscow, 109240, Russia

Dmitry B. Nikitjuk

Federal Research Center for Nutrition and Biotechnology; I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University)

Email: nikitjuk@ion.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4968-4517

MD, PhD, Professor, corresponding member of the RAS

Russian Federation, 2/14, Ustinskiy proezd, Moscow, 109240, Russia; Moscow

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