Comparative analysis of the concepts of “Wisdom” and “Stupidity” in the Kalmyk and Mongolian linguistic worldviews (based on proverbs)

this article analyzes Kalmyk and Mongolian proverbs in the concepts of "Wisdom" and "Stupidity", considered as a reflection of the spiritual culture and mentality of the two peoples. Concepts with the opposite lexical meaning "Wisdom" and "Stupidity" act as moral guidelines and mental attitudes that evaluate the cognitive development of an individual and influence his self-identification. They perform a regulatory function in intra-group communication and the formation of social relations, which affects the development of proverbs and set expressions in the language. A comparative analysis of the proverbial fund of the two languages under study made it possible to identify common linguocultural features and differences in the mentality of the two nomadic peoples. The nomadic lifestyle of the Kalmyk and Mongolian peoples led to the development of adaptive strategies for survival and collective organization, which were subsequently verbalized in the speech of the people in the form of proverbs and metaphors about wisdom and stupidity, passed down from generation to generation. The material of the study is proverbs representing two semantically opposite concepts – "Wisdom" and "Stupidity" in the Kalmyk and Mongolian linguacultures. The purpose of this work is to identify both general and culturally specific ideas of Kalmyks and Mongols about spiritual development and features of interpersonal communication, which also affects social interaction in society. A comparative analysis of proverbs about wisdom and stupidity made it possible to model the content of concepts taking into account their national identity, to reveal the content of concepts representing the concepts in question in two languages, to identify their similar and different ethnocultural features. The results of the scientific work will be useful for subsequent research in linguacultural studies and conceptology, and will also contribute to the development of intercultural communication.

phraseology, conceptology, idioms, the Kalmyk language, the Mongolian language