A person who speaks in the context of deixis and in the case system of differently structured languages

the article examines a speaker from the point of view of his representation in the case system of nominative and ergative languages. The problem lies in the fact that for an adequate identical translation of the text, it is impossible to circumvent the problem of morphosyntactic representation of names (for example, pronominal nouns or other substantive names) of differently structured languages. The three cases of the name, qualified as nuclear in the Ingush language, represent three personal pronouns of the first person, two of which are indifferent to the structure of the Russian language. In the grammar of the nominative language, only one personal pronoun of the first person singular, the nominative case, is functional. Such names in the sentence structure perform the function of a subject, which is shifterically represented in the structure of an ergative language, unlike the person speaking the nominative Russian language. It is important for us to explore the ambiguity of the functioning of the three personal pronouns as deixis with the status of "first person" with an excursion into the diachrony of language. In translation, it is important to understand why in the Russian language there is one I ‘ego’, expressed by the personal pronoun of the first person of the singular in the nominative case, and in ergative Ingush (the language of translation) there are three ‘I’. Substantiation of the difference in the functioning of the nuclear case of genetically unrelated languages is necessary in order to mechanically recognize them in the context of translation activities.

deixis, linguopragmatic attitude, human index field, speaker, locutor, first person, nuclear cases