The presumption of innocence in Russian law: theoretical and comparative legal aspects

Background. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a deep understanding of the essence and significance of the presumption of innocence in modern society, especially in the context of dynamically developing legislation and law enforcement practices. The study allows us to identify the theoretical foundations of the implementation of the presumption of innocence, determine its significance for the formation of the legal culture of society, and ensure the effective implementation of the constitutional right of every citizen to a fair trial. The authors identify the problem of the lack of unity in the legal regulation and enforcement of the presumption of innocence in modern legal systems.

The purpose of the study is an interdisciplinary analysis of the presumption of innocence in the scientific doctrine and legislation of Russia and foreign countries. The objectives of the study are: 1) to study the theoretical foundations of the implementation of the presumption of innocence in modern society and its significance for the formation of legal culture; 2) to conduct a comparative legal analysis of the presumption of innocence in Russian legislation and the legal systems of foreign countries; 3) to identify mechanisms for the effective implementation of the presumption of innocence, including monitoring law enforcement, improving the professionalism of law enforcement agencies, and updating methodological recommendations.

The main research method is an analytical review, which includes the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of information from various sources, as well as a comparative legal study of the presumption of innocence.

The study substantiates that each branch of government implements the presumption of innocence in accordance with its specific competence, while maintaining the unity of the initial conceptual framework. The presumption of innocence holds a central place in the Russian judicial system. The key conclusion of the study is that the implementation of the presumption of innocence requires constant monitoring of the state of law and order, improving the professional level of law enforcement officers, and regularly updating methodological recommendations.